jecsand838 commented on code in PR #8759:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/pull/8759#discussion_r2482868207


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arrow-avro/src/errors.rs:
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@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Common Avro errors and macros.
+
+use arrow_schema::ArrowError;
+use core::num::TryFromIntError;
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::string::FromUtf8Error;
+use std::{cell, io, result, str};
+
+/// Avro error enumeration
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+pub enum AvroError {
+    /// General Avro error.
+    /// Returned when code violates normal workflow of working with Avro data.
+    General(String),
+    /// "Not yet implemented" Avro error.
+    /// Returned when functionality is not yet available.
+    NYI(String),
+    /// "End of file" Avro error.
+    /// Returned when IO related failures occur, e.g. when there are not 
enough bytes to
+    /// decode.
+    EOF(String),
+    /// Arrow error.
+    /// Returned when reading into arrow or writing from arrow.
+    ArrowError(String),
+    /// Error when the requested index is more than the
+    /// number of items expected
+    IndexOutOfBound(usize, usize),
+    /// Error indicating that an unexpected or bad argument was passed to a 
function.
+    InvalidArgument(String),
+    /// Error indicating that a value could not be parsed.
+    ParseError(String),
+    /// Error indicating that a schema is invalid.
+    SchemaError(String),
+    /// An external error variant
+    External(Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>),
+    /// Returned when a function needs more data to complete properly. The 
`usize` field indicates
+    /// the total number of bytes required, not the number of additional bytes.
+    NeedMoreData(usize),
+    /// Returned when a function needs more data to complete properly.
+    /// The `Range<u64>` indicates the range of bytes that are needed.
+    NeedMoreDataRange(std::ops::Range<u64>),
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for AvroError {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match &self {
+            AvroError::General(message) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Avro error: {message}")
+            }
+            AvroError::NYI(message) => write!(fmt, "NYI: {message}"),
+            AvroError::EOF(message) => write!(fmt, "EOF: {message}"),
+            AvroError::ArrowError(message) => write!(fmt, "Arrow: {message}"),
+            AvroError::IndexOutOfBound(index, bound) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Index {index} out of bound: {bound}")
+            }
+            AvroError::InvalidArgument(message) => {
+                write!(fmt, "Invalid argument: {message}")
+            }
+            AvroError::ParseError(message) => write!(fmt, "Parse error: 
{message}"),
+            AvroError::SchemaError(message) => write!(fmt, "Schema error: 
{message}"),
+            AvroError::External(e) => write!(fmt, "External: {e}"),
+            AvroError::NeedMoreData(needed) => write!(fmt, "NeedMoreData: 
{needed}"),
+            AvroError::NeedMoreDataRange(range) => {
+                write!(fmt, "NeedMoreDataRange: {}..{}", range.start, 
range.end)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Error for AvroError {
+    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> {
+        match self {
+            AvroError::External(e) => Some(e.as_ref()),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<TryFromIntError> for AvroError {
+    fn from(e: TryFromIntError) -> AvroError {
+        AvroError::General(format!("Integer overflow: {e}"))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<io::Error> for AvroError {
+    fn from(e: io::Error) -> AvroError {
+        AvroError::External(Box::new(e))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<cell::BorrowMutError> for AvroError {
+    fn from(e: cell::BorrowMutError) -> AvroError {
+        AvroError::External(Box::new(e))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<str::Utf8Error> for AvroError {
+    fn from(e: str::Utf8Error) -> AvroError {
+        AvroError::External(Box::new(e))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<FromUtf8Error> for AvroError {
+    fn from(e: FromUtf8Error) -> AvroError {
+        AvroError::External(Box::new(e))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ArrowError> for AvroError {
+    fn from(e: ArrowError) -> AvroError {
+        AvroError::External(Box::new(e))
+    }
+}

Review Comment:
   @nathaniel-d-ef I'd consider doing something like this:
   
   ```suggestion
   pub enum AvroError {
       // ...
       ArrowError(Box<ArrowError>),
       // ...
   }
   
   impl From<ArrowError> for AvroError {
       fn from(e: ArrowError) -> Self {
           AvroError::ArrowError(Box::new(e))
       }
   }
   
   impl std::error::Error for AvroError {
       fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> {
           match self {
               AvroError::External(e) => Some(e.as_ref()),
               AvroError::ArrowError(e) => Some(e.as_ref()),
               _ => None,
           }
       }
   }
   ```



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