viirya commented on code in PR #9628:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/pull/9628#discussion_r3012710758


##########
parquet/src/bloom_filter/mod.rs:
##########
@@ -431,6 +451,162 @@ impl Sbbf {
         self.0.capacity() * std::mem::size_of::<Block>()
     }
 
+    /// Returns the number of blocks in this bloom filter.
+    pub fn num_blocks(&self) -> usize {
+        self.0.len()
+    }
+
+    /// Fold the bloom filter once, halving its size by merging adjacent block 
pairs.
+    ///
+    /// This implements an elementary folding operation for Split Block Bloom
+    /// Filters. Each pair of adjacent blocks is combined via bitwise OR:
+    ///
+    /// ```text
+    /// folded[i] = blocks[2*i] | blocks[2*i + 1]    for 0 <= i < num_blocks/2
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// ## Why adjacent pairs (not halves)?
+    ///
+    /// Standard Bloom filter folding merges the two halves (`B[i] | B[i + 
m/2]`) because
+    /// standard filters use modular hashing: `index = h(x) mod m`, so `h(x) 
mod (m/2)`
+    /// maps index `i` and index `i + m/2` to the same position.
+    ///
+    /// SBBFs use **multiplicative** hashing for block selection:
+    ///
+    /// ```text
+    /// block_index = ((hash >> 32) * num_blocks) >> 32
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// When `num_blocks` is halved, the new index becomes 
`floor(original_index / 2)`.
+    /// Therefore blocks `2i` and `2i+1` (not `i` and `i + N/2`) map to the 
same position `i`
+    /// in the folded filter.
+    ///
+    /// ## References
+    ///
+    /// 1. Sailhan, F. & Stehr, M-O. "Folding and Unfolding Bloom Filters",
+    ///    IEEE iThings 2012. <https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenCom.2012.16>
+    ///
+    /// # Panics
+    ///
+    /// Panics if the filter has fewer than 2 blocks.
+    fn fold_once(&mut self) {
+        let len = self.0.len();
+        assert!(
+            len >= 2,
+            "Cannot fold a bloom filter with fewer than 2 blocks"
+        );

Review Comment:
   assert!(len % 2 == 0)?
   
   I think `fold_once` can only work if len is not odd.



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