qstommyshu commented on issue #5221:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/issues/5221#issuecomment-2805686085

   Hi @alamb ,
   
   I've done some initial investigation into this issue, and I believe a good 
way to tackle it is by modifying the parsed SQL `Statement` before generating 
the `LogicalPlan`.
   
   Before we build the logical plan, the SQL parser parses the input SQL into a 
`Statement`. Here's an example structure:
   ```Rust
       Statement(
           Query(
               Query {
                   with: None,
                   body: Select(
                       Select {
                           select_token: TokenWithSpan {
                               token: Word(
                                   Word {
                                       value: "select",
                                       quote_style: None,
                                       keyword: SELECT,
                                   },
                               ),
                               span: Span(Location(1,1)..Location(1,7)),
                           },
                           distinct: None,
                           top: None,
                           top_before_distinct: false,
                           projection: [
                               UnnamedExpr(
                                   Cast {
                                       kind: Cast,
                                       expr: Value(
                                           ValueWithSpan {
                                               value: SingleQuotedString(
                                                   "1",
                                               ),
                                               span: 
Span(Location(1,13)..Location(1,16)),
                                           },
                                       ),
                                       data_type: Int(
                                           None,
                                       ),
                                       format: None,
                                   },
                               ),
                           ],
                           into: None,
                           from: [],
                           ......
               },
           ),
       ),
   ]
   ```
   
   What we really care about here are the `projection` and `from` fields.
   - If projection contains an `UnnamedExpr::Cast`, and
   - from is empty (i.e., the query is not selecting from a table, hence 
there's no schema context to use as output column name),
   
   then the LogicalPlanBuilder will fallback to using the inner expression 
(i.e. `SingleQuotedString("1")` in the above statement) as the column name. 
This leads to names like `Utf8("1")` showing up in the output, which is 
confusing.
   If we detect the above pattern — casting a value without a `FROM` clause — 
we can modify the `UnnamedExpr::Cast` into an `Expr::Alias`, and use a 
friendlier alias name such as: `CAST('1' AS INT)`. 
   
   This change is scoped specifically to queries without a `FROM` clause and 
with simple literal casts, so it should not affect common table-based queries.
   
   I've also explored modifying the `LogicalPlan` directly, but modifying the 
`Statement` feels more natural for this case.
   
   Would love to hear your thoughts on this approach — am I on the right track? 
Did I miss any cases?


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