waynexia opened a new pull request, #16877:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/16877

   ## Which issue does this PR close?
   
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   - Not a follow-up of https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/13696, but I 
came up with this change when reading #13696,
   
   ## Rationale for this change
   
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    Why are you proposing this change? If this is already explained clearly in 
the issue then this section is not needed.
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   Simplify the implementation by unifying the non-null and nullable branches. 
`T::default_value()` is just 0, which is the same as get `.len()` from an empty 
slice returned by `string_array.value()`. And in both way, the NULL in result 
array is marked by null buffer, not `.push_null()`.
   
   And I also find a performance improvement by doing it this way (and I 
verified this is not from `value_unchecked`):
   ```
   character_length_StringArray_ascii_str_len_8
                           time:   [1.4357 µs 1.4402 µs 1.4456 µs]
                           change: [-73.834% -73.708% -73.579%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 21 outliers among 100 measurements (21.00%)
     1 (1.00%) high mild
     20 (20.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringArray_utf8_str_len_8
                           time:   [32.558 µs 32.586 µs 32.615 µs]
                           change: [-9.6460% -9.4639% -9.3101%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   
   character_length_StringViewArray_ascii_str_len_8
                           time:   [16.820 µs 16.846 µs 16.878 µs]
                           change: [-23.762% -23.629% -23.496%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 7 outliers among 100 measurements (7.00%)
     3 (3.00%) high mild
     4 (4.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringViewArray_utf8_str_len_8
                           time:   [32.588 µs 32.677 µs 32.787 µs]
                           change: [-8.1913% -8.0556% -7.8956%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 4 outliers among 100 measurements (4.00%)
     1 (1.00%) high mild
     3 (3.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringArray_ascii_str_len_32
                           time:   [3.9844 µs 3.9866 µs 3.9888 µs]
                           change: [-50.422% -50.382% -50.343%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 2 outliers among 100 measurements (2.00%)
     2 (2.00%) high mild
   
   character_length_StringArray_utf8_str_len_32
                           time:   [40.577 µs 40.611 µs 40.648 µs]
                           change: [+10.569% +10.705% +10.832%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has regressed.
   Found 2 outliers among 100 measurements (2.00%)
     1 (1.00%) high mild
     1 (1.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringViewArray_ascii_str_len_32
                           time:   [11.666 µs 11.687 µs 11.712 µs]
                           change: [-26.007% -25.861% -25.677%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 5 outliers among 100 measurements (5.00%)
     2 (2.00%) high mild
     3 (3.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringViewArray_utf8_str_len_32
                           time:   [42.347 µs 42.371 µs 42.401 µs]
                           change: [+10.199% +10.295% +10.390%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has regressed.
   Found 8 outliers among 100 measurements (8.00%)
     4 (4.00%) high mild
     4 (4.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringArray_ascii_str_len_128
                           time:   [14.356 µs 14.382 µs 14.413 µs]
                           change: [-22.226% -22.152% -22.062%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 5 outliers among 100 measurements (5.00%)
     2 (2.00%) high mild
     3 (3.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringArray_utf8_str_len_128
                           time:   [54.869 µs 54.975 µs 55.098 µs]
                           change: [-2.7784% -2.6015% -2.4263%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 5 outliers among 100 measurements (5.00%)
     1 (1.00%) low mild
     3 (3.00%) high mild
     1 (1.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringViewArray_ascii_str_len_128
                           time:   [20.701 µs 20.760 µs 20.822 µs]
                           change: [-17.226% -17.001% -16.771%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   
   character_length_StringViewArray_utf8_str_len_128
                           time:   [56.900 µs 56.946 µs 56.998 µs]
                           change: [-3.1899% -2.9799% -2.7714%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 2 outliers among 100 measurements (2.00%)
     1 (1.00%) high mild
     1 (1.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringArray_ascii_str_len_4096
                           time:   [499.09 µs 501.67 µs 504.62 µs]
                           change: [-2.5911% -1.9208% -1.3158%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 2 outliers among 100 measurements (2.00%)
     2 (2.00%) high mild
   
   Benchmarking character_length_StringArray_utf8_str_len_4096: Warming up for 
3.0000 s
   Warning: Unable to complete 100 samples in 5.0s. You may wish to increase 
target time to 7.2s, enable flat sampling, or reduce sample count to 50.
   character_length_StringArray_utf8_str_len_4096
                           time:   [1.4106 ms 1.4188 ms 1.4284 ms]
                           change: [-0.4802% +0.1161% +0.7536%] (p = 0.72 > 
0.05)
                           No change in performance detected.
   Found 5 outliers among 100 measurements (5.00%)
     3 (3.00%) high mild
     2 (2.00%) high severe
   
   character_length_StringViewArray_ascii_str_len_4096
                           time:   [440.63 µs 443.01 µs 445.84 µs]
                           change: [-0.0900% +0.5865% +1.1823%] (p = 0.07 > 
0.05)
                           No change in performance detected.
   Found 5 outliers among 100 measurements (5.00%)
     3 (3.00%) high mild
     2 (2.00%) high severe
   
   Benchmarking character_length_StringViewArray_utf8_str_len_4096: Warming up 
for 3.0000 s
   Warning: Unable to complete 100 samples in 5.0s. You may wish to increase 
target time to 7.5s, enable flat sampling, or reduce sample count to 50.
   character_length_StringViewArray_utf8_str_len_4096
                           time:   [1.4722 ms 1.4775 ms 1.4836 ms]
                           change: [-2.0827% -1.3739% -0.7239%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Change within noise threshold.
   Found 5 outliers among 100 measurements (5.00%)
     5 (5.00%) high mild
   ```
   
   But there are two outliers `character_length_StringArray_utf8_str_len_32` 
and `character_length_StringViewArray_utf8_str_len_32` that become 10% slower, 
for some reason I don't know 😞. 
   
   ## What changes are included in this PR?
   
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   There is no need to duplicate the description in the issue here but it is 
sometimes worth providing a summary of the individual changes in this PR.
   -->
   
   simplify `character_length`'s implementation
   
   ## Are these changes tested?
   
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   with existing test case
   
   ## Are there any user-facing changes?
   
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