Thank you Peter for the interruption statement.
Wishing all a very productive, peaceful and just 2024.
rt
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On Jan 1, 2024, at 10:10 AM, Peter de Souza <[email protected]> wrote:


Dear colleagues,
I do not normally participate in debates that require domain knowledge but 
having read the mail of Dr Cristiana Bastos and the reply of Dr John de 
Figueiredo, I feel I must do so not on the data issues being discussed but on 
the tone and tenor of the statements made. Dr Bastos's mail was fair and 
reasonable. Dr Figueiredo's mail was immodest and provocative. There are five 
issues on which I wish to take issue with him.

The first is with respect to his opening sentence, 'You obviously do not know 
the Goan culture well'. This raises a series of questions: Who is qualified to 
know Goan culture well? One who has studied it as part of professional 
training? One who carries a passport identifying him/her as Goan? One who has 
lived in Goa for some time? (How long, and at what stage of their cognitive 
development?) Or one who is Goan by birth? To any scholar on the epistemology 
of the social sciences, it is likely to be the first. So Dr Figueirado's 
'obviously' is hence not so obvious. As one who has stated that Dr Bastos does 
not know 'Goan culture well', he has given himself the position of a superior 
understanding of Goa culture. This is purely a linguistic conclusion. He needs 
to offer a basis for this superior understanding.

The second is the implication in the first sentence that there is a position, 
to be achieved, when one can say one understand's a culture well. Culture, as 
we know, is a dynamic thing, evolving with new meanings, infused with new 
interpretations, and imbued with multiple locations from which to comment. It 
is therefore relevant from which caste, class, community, geography one, 
therefore, speaks. Who can speak for Goan culture is thus an interesting 
question but one difficult to answer.

The third is his statement that he debates only with people he respects. I 
would be grateful for the list for then I would know if he would reply to this 
response.

The fourth is his dismissal of training in the protocols of social science 
research. This cannot be allowed to pass unless he is making the fundamental 
point, made by Edward Said among others, that such protocols are embedded in a 
Western episteme and hence not relevant to understanding a non-western society. 
Complex discussions on 'validity claims' take place in the philosophy of the 
social sciences and training programmes on research methods are a core part of 
study for a research degree. So it is unacceptable for Dr Figueiredo to dismiss 
training in the protocols of social science research as being irrelevant to the 
debate on validity claims. That is why we do not consider shamans as equivalent 
to trained psychiatrists.

The fifth is his statement that he 'believes in data'. He would know that data 
does not exist by itself. It is framed by theory, and theory is constructed. So 
data is theory infected (to use a medical terminology) and must be recognised 
as such. Bastos has a theory of Empire. What is his?

I hope this allows us to return to scholarly exchanges sans offence.

Best,
Peter.r


On Mon, Jan 1, 2024 at 1:48 PM John de Figueiredo 
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Dear Cristiana,
You obviously do not know the Goan culture well. You say you heard I am a 
gentleman (and I thank you for the compliment). You should know that a Goan 
gentleman would never insult a lady. I said at the beginning that I only debate 
with people I respect.
Let us stick to the issues. On some issues I agree with you. On other issues, I 
disagree. I footnoted and referenced all my notes. I carefully separated my 
opinions from data. On issues about which we disagree, I am convinced that the 
data are on my side.
Whether I have had the training, or you have had the training, is irrelevant. I 
am a scientist and I believe in data. If the data are valid and reliable (and 
not just hearsay or political slogans), then hopefully we will both learn 
something and move forward.
Regarding Dr. Froilano de Melo having proposed to Salazar the idea of a 
Lusophone confederation: As far as I know, even Menezes Bragança, courageous as 
he was, never put forward this idea. Therefore, I will only believe it if I see 
that confidential letter to Salazar referenced in an archive in Portugal. 
Otherwise the reader will be left with the impression that this was an attempt 
made by Freddy to “rehabilitate” his father in the light of the new political 
order.
Incidentally, both Freddy and Victor were my friends (though much older than 
me). Victor was my older brothers’ colleague at MIT.
Best wishes,
John

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