*PRIVATE CAPITAL AND THE **ESTADO DA INDIA**: CHANGING PATTERN OF PORTUGUESE TRADE WITH INDIA, 1570-1663*
Pius Malekandathil ( This is included as chapter X in Pius Malekandathil, *Maritme India: Trade, Religion and Polity in the Indian Ocean, *New Delhi , 2010, pp. 193-211) The official renouncement of royal monopoly over spice trade and the liberalization of Indo-European commerce in 1570 ushered in a new commercial situation in India, which favoured the accumulation of capital in private hands in an unprecedented degree. During the period between 1570 and 1598, when the business houses of Germany, Italy and Portugal controlled the Indo-European trade, the Portuguese *casado* traders of Goa and Cochin were increasingly engaging themselves, either independently or in association with the natives, in intra-Asian trade and in carving out larger commercial space in the Indian Ocean region for the expression of their private initiatives. The immediate result emanating from this development was the accumulation of sizeable capital in individual hands and in the Portuguese settlements, making both the entrepreneur and their city centres fabulously rich. https://www.academia.edu/38209967/Pius_Malekandathil_Private_Capital_and_the_Estado_da_India_Changing_Pattern_of_Portuguese_Trade_with_India_15760_1663_in_Pius_Malekandathil_Maritme_India_Trade_Religion_and_Polity_in_the_Indian_Ocean_New_Delhi_2010_pp_193_211 -- FN * +91-9822122436 * 784 Saligao 403511 Bardez Goa -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Goa-Research-Net" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion, visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/goa-research-net/CAMCR53%2B77N_YaO1yfBP7i4NkVv-%2BJOZgWySKUJ0fH7Ft9puNpQ%40mail.gmail.com.
