Le 04/08/2024 à 22:00, Sam Rhoads a écrit :
Frederic: wow! thanks!  This is a lot of help, and I appreciate it.  I was about to give it up.  But based on your recommendation, I am thinking I’ll go back up and take another series of photos.  I have been reluctant to try to take just a few to “fill in” since the light will be very different from day to day.  But today the sky looks pretty clear of clouds over the mountains so might try again.  And, I’m thinking I’ll use my iPhone rather than my Nikon 2.  With a selfie stick I can hold it out and get a shot from the horizon down to near the nadir.  In that way I won’t need to take four photos from each position.  It seems that Hugin has trouble stitching together photos that are adjacent to each other up and down, right and left, AND from different positions.  (Of course it still could be just me!).
In any case, I think you should ensure that you have a picture where each important nearby tower is centered or at least close to the center. This could make things easier in the post-Hugin (Gimp?) stage. If an important tower was only close to image edges, it could be more difficult to get a good final result. Your first set of images was correct in this regard.

Question: When having to change places by moving around the rooftop, is a lot of overlap and a lot of images better than less overlap and fewer images?
I never did tests, but if you mean a lot of very overlapping small images and fewer less overlapping large images, I would think intuitively that large images are better. But more overlap is also better. It makes sense : in a panorama like yours, you need at least two points between each pair of images (of course, the stitch will be better if those 2 points are more vertically distant). OTOH, with only 2 points for each image pair, Hugin has no way to determine lens parameters such as barrel distorsion. So my guess (I definitely don't remember enough geometry to prove what I am saying) is that you need 4 points, maybe 6, set in 2 columns of 3 points. And again, calculations will be more exact if the 2 columns are more distant, which means more overlap.

If you look at my last PTO, you'll see that I kept control points as widely separated as possible. Actually, when a panorama proves difficult, I sometimes erase all points and start with 4 or 6 control points for each image pair, preview the resulting panorama, and add some more control points for image pairs which Hugin can't make match correctly.

Question: When using the MacBook Pro, the image in the center window on the screen after stitching is _tiny_, and I cannot seem to enlarge it.  Is there a way to “zoom in”?
You mean in the Fast panorama preview? You can use the right and bottom slider.

Sam.

On Aug 4, 2024, at 5:00 AM, Frédéric Da Vitoria <[email protected]> wrote: I tried it too. I did everything manually, I never use the assistant. Here is how I proceeded:

 1. I let Hugin Create control points
 2. I optimized using following steps (checking at each step that
    standard deviation was improving):
     1. Positions (incremental, starting from anchor)
     2. Positions and translation
     3. Positions, translation and view
     4. Positions, translation and barrel
     5. Positions, translation, view and barrel
 3. I previewed the results: things were completely off.
 4. I deleted a few control points which were obviously on
    reflections, as well as control points which could not work (for
    example a control point on the sea horizon or on moving objects
    such as cars, beware of boats, some moored boats are actually
    moving slightly)
 5. I added a few vertical lines and a few horizontal lines
 6. I reset all images and ran point 3 again: better, but some
    buildings were still skewed and some image borders did not match
    enough to my taste
 7. I added control points on faraway points (characteristic points
    on the mountains, faraway buildings...) and removed "duplicated"
    control points (control points placed by Hugin which were so
    close together that I couldn't see both numbers at the same time)
 8. I reset all and ran point 3 again: definitely better
 9. I removed all automatically generated control points which were
    between 2 other close control points. I deliberately removed more
    aggressively control points close (to the camera) than remote
    control points, trying to give more weight to the far image. The
    reasoning here is that parallax errors will be very frequent
    because the camera was moved a lot; because of this, matching
    both close objects and distant objects at the same time is
    impossible, I choose first if I prefer my images to match in
    close objects or in distant objects. Because of your use case, I
    decided that matching the horizon was preferable.
10. I reset all and ran point 3 again: what I saw seemed good, except
    that at some point I stopped seing the seaward part (and I did
    not notice it was missing). Actually, images 4, 5 & 6 are there,
    but they are seen from the side. I attach this version as 0_1 -
    330_1 - v1.pto
11. In an attempt to fix things, I tried to add vertical and
    horizontal lines in images where they were missing and to add
    control points between images 8 & 9, but results were close to
    the previous one.
12. So I decided to change strategy: I removed all control points on
    buildings, keeping only control points on the ground.
13. Because I had eliminated the buildings from the problem, I
    reasoned that translation was maybe not a useful parameter and I
    optimized using following steps (checking at each step that
    standard deviation was improving):
     1. Positions (incremental, starting from anchor)
     2. Positions and view
     3. Positions, translation and view
     4. Positions and barrel distorsion (standard deviation was worse
        here so that I did not apply this step)
     5. Positions, view and barrel
     6. Everything without distorsion. I repeated this last step
        until standard deviation stopped improving.
14. The result seems pretty good IMO (0_1 - 330_1 - v2.pto)

Here is what I would do now: I would have generated the panorama using the option "Normal panorama with layered TIFF output", loaded the result in Gimp or a similar tool and worked with layers and masks in order to keep from each image the best ground level and get straight-looking buildings.

I suggest taking intermediate photos:

- between 5 & 6 (not enough overlap),

- and between 6 & 7, and 7 & 8 to try to create more control points there (because it is impossible to put control points close to the horizon on those).

Also, maybe taking more than one picture from each place (like you did with 0 & 1 and 3 & 4) would improve the end result. At least it would give you more options in the final Gimp step.

I hope I was clear enough in my explanations.

Le 02/08/2024 à 09:10, Sam Rhoads a écrit :
Thanks again David.  I will open that PTO file tomorrow and let you know whether or not I would like you to send me that 189 MB file.

Of possible interest to everyone, I got a MacBook Pro today and will try using Hugin and my images with it, and tell everyone later what happens.

Had sushi for dinner.

Sam.

On Aug 1, 2024, at 8:10 PM, David W. Jones <[email protected]> wrote:  On that panorama, I selected the images in my file manager and ran Hugin's Generate PTO tool. I use Linux, I don't know if Windows has that capability.

Then I went to the panorama preview, clicked on the Assistant button, then clicked on the align button, and got a 360-deg panorama.

I think if you open the PTO in Hugin, you should get the same pano. Hugin may tell you that alignment or control points have changed, or something like that, but I think that's something you can ignore.

I think I added some points manually, because there were a couple of image pairs that didn't have any control points.

Adding horizontal lines to the images that have horizons, then running Align again, should level the images in the panorama. I didn't try that in the PTO file I sent. It improved things quite a bit in my first try at the panorama, but that one only gave me a 180-deg panorama.

I have a TIFF image of it, if you're interested. It comes to 2274x3494 (not cropped), 189MB. On the left end is one image, then a black area that shades into the next image. I have no idea what caused that.

Enjoy your dinner!

On 8/1/24 18:48, Sam Rhoads wrote:
Thanks David.  When my panorama was in that shape, I spent a lot of time with Photoshop “fixing” things.  But my real question is whether this one will be “sharper” than the one I produced.  Do you think if I open that pto file in Hugin I’ll get the same panorama?  I’ll try that in a while.  Did you create a tiff image?  Right now I have to go buy dinner.

Did you let Hugin find control points?  Did you add any manually?

More questions later.

Sam.

On Aug 1, 2024, at 6:37 PM, David W. Jones <[email protected]> wrote:  I didn't use any horizontal lines in this one. They would have helped fix the wavy horizon.

Attaching a screen shot and the PTO file that produced it. Neither of them came out as straight as the original one you produced.

On 8/1/24 18:27, Samuel Rhoads wrote:
Great David. Please attach it.  I'd like to see it.

On Thu, Aug 1, 2024 at 6:14 PM David W. Jones <[email protected]> wrote:

    No problem.

    I've never made a 360-deg pano. I don't know how to make one
    at all. So I might simply not be doing it right in the first
    place. But the second time I tried, I got a 360-deg panorama
    from it.

    On 8/1/24 17:39, Samuel Rhoads wrote:
    I screwed up.  I was pretty sure I had only included the
    *_1 files, but I see that I did include two _3 files by
    mistake.  Sorry 'bout that!

    But the 12 _1 files: 0_1, 30_1, 60_1 ..., should make a 360
    degree pan.

    On Thu, Aug 1, 2024 at 5:23 PM David W. Jones
    <[email protected]> wrote:

        Yes, I used your zip file, the one in the link below.
        It doesn't have 12 images in it, it has 14.

        These two images don't have any mountains or ocean in
        them: 120_3.jpg and 210_3.jpg. The 210_3 image has a
        part of the same beach that's already covered in the
        210_1 image.

        I think the *_3 images aren't needed, and apparently
        you removed them from some other zip file you uploaded
        to Google Drive?

        I've never made a 360-deg panorama, so I got a
        180-degree partial one.

        On 8/1/24 13:41, Sam Rhoads wrote:
        David:  That’s confusing. The 12 images: 0_1 through
        330_1, all have either the ocean or mountains on the
        horizon.  Did you use the zip file that had all 12
        images?  If some of those 12 images were removed, the
        panorama wouldn’t have been complete?

        Sam.

        On Aug 1, 2024, at 11:48 AM, Gnome Nomad
        <[email protected]> <mailto:[email protected]>
        wrote:

        When I tried the Hugin Assistant, it found control
        points on all of them. I don't know anything about
        using Translation. I did eventually get sort-of
        straight horizon but only after removing two images
        that were mostly building foundations that had no
        horizon as part of them.

-- David W. Jones
        [email protected]
        exploring the landscape of god
        http://dancingtreefrog.com

        Sent from my Android device.

        On Thu, Aug 1, 2024, 11:30 Samuel Rhoads
        <[email protected]> wrote:

            Thanks Carl. Any idea why the optimizer tab only
            shows up then?  I spent hours trying to get the
            optimizer tab to appear  There are so many things
            that I just do not understand. I don’t understand
            how people learn all these options.

            Sam

            On Aug 1, 2024, at 11:25 AM, Carl Ovenschotel
            <[email protected]> wrote:
 Indeed it couldn't find points for those images.
            The Optimizer tab pops up when you have Optimize
            \ Geometric \ Custom Parameters selected.

            On Thursday, August 1, 2024 at 2:38:37 AM UTC+2
            [email protected] wrote:

                Carl:  Can you tell me a little about your
                experience? Did Hugin tell you that it
                couldn’t find any CPs for 120_1 & 150_1? 
                Did the Optimizer tab appear? Did the
                stitcher report that some images didn’t
                belong to the set?

                Sam.

                On Jul 31, 2024, at 12:31 PM, Carl
                Ovenschotel <[email protected]> wrote:

                I tried to make a panorama of your photos
                but I failed. After years of using Hugin I
                still don't know what I'm doing. Maybe
                someone else can give it a go.

                On Wednesday, July 31, 2024 at 8:45:30 PM
                UTC+2 [email protected] wrote:

                    To be clear, I am hoping that someone
                    in the community will take the 12
                    images in this zip file and try to
                    create a panorama using Hugin. When I
                    do that, I get strange error messages
                    that I do not understand. The resulting
                    panorama won’t be satisfactory for
                    SkySafari, but at least I’ll find out
                    what’s causing the errors.

                    Sam.

                    On Jul 30, 2024, at 4:16 PM, Samuel
                    Rhoads <[email protected]> wrote:
 Trying once again! Forgive an old
                    stupid man, please.

                    0_1 - 330_1 (2).zip
                    
<https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Rx8y_NfMlTnpst-ZdxGfUUkP9kPs2s9B/view?usp=drive_web>

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