Several people asked off-list just what I had in mind wrt to emulated 
tape and disk over SCSI/FCP. Attached below is a draft of what I've got 
so far. If this is something you could support (and your company would 
support), please let me know.  


-- db


SCSI Support Extension Proposal

Desired Action: 

Complete the emulated device over SCSI/FCP support introduced in z/VM
to include both ECKD disk emulation on SCSI/FCP and
emulation of channel-attached tape to generic SCSI/FCP tape
devices. If possible, the tape emulation should also support a remote tape
server option, mapping the emulated device to a user specified process
over a network connection.

Business Justification: 

1) In many small to medium-sized shops, the amount of money available
   to invest in mainframe technology is limited compared to the
   funding accessible to the open systems environment. Often,
   significant disk and tape resources are duplicated or
   over-provisioned in the open systems environment, but are not
   accessible for reuse in the mainframe environment due to the
   requirement for specialized interfaces and separate management to
   support mainframe-specific environments. Enabling software
   emulation of mainframe devices on top of a generic SCSI/FCP
   infrastructure would allow System z infrastructure to leverage
   these existing enterprise infrastructure investments directly,
   improving the TCO argument for maintaining System z-based
   infrastructure. 

   (It is clearly acknowledged that software emulation has a
   performance impact compared to native ECKD over FICON. In many
   cases, this performance vs cost tradeoff is acceptable in that the
   development curve for device and storage area network performance
   often offsets the disadvantage within a relatively short period of
   time, and the cost savings is often an acceptable tradeoff vs
   execution time delays due to longer I/O delays. )

2) Even given the recent price reductions for the System z BC and EC
   machines, in some cases, the cost differential to implement
   separate disk for a System z environment (or add specialized
   interfaces to support FICON attachment of an existing disk array)
   is such that disk pricing is a deciding factor to preserve a System
   z environment.

   Similarly, environmental issues (floor space, power consumption,
   heat dissipation) may dictate that additional disk units to support
   only a single platform argue against retaining the System z
   solution as a "difficult to interoperate with" solution.

3) Additional disk volume formats and attachment methods complicate
   storage management discipline, adding additional training costs
   for storage administrators and possibly additional costs for
   software implementation to manage the FICON-attached arrays (not
   all vendors support FICON-attached volumes in their basic
   management software, but market that support as a enhanced
   feature). This increase in complexity further impacts the ROI and
   TCO of the System z solution. 

4) Currently, only VSE, Linux and VM fully support FBA DASD. We are
   aware of work being done to z/OS to tolerate FBA disk, but until
   this work is completed, ECKD disk is required.  If IBM is to open
   up additional market opportunity for z/OS or other ECKD-only
   systems in the short term, ECKD emulation is necessary to open
   those opportunities.  

   It is important to note that ECKD emulation on SCSI disk has been
   done in the past for the P/390, R/390, and Multiprise systems, and
   it is clear from a cursory examination of the z/VM EDEV SCSI stack
   that these previous attempts could be used as a starting point to
   provide this type of emulated function. 

5) With regard to tape, currently the largest supported FICON-attached
   tape unit supports a 40G uncompressed volume. Open systems tape
   units regularly support 200G or greater volume sizes. With the
   dramatic increase in data volumes, the inability of System z to
   access these commonplace devices argues significanly against
   adoption of a System z based solution in place of a Intel or other
   platform solution. 

6) Similar to the ECKD disk emulation code mentioned above, tape
   emulation code for 3420 and 3480/90 tape over SCSI also exists, and
   offers direct support for all System z operating systems currently
   supporting tape without additional development. Emulated tape
   devices could easily be mapped to higher-capacity SCSI devices,
   providing direct benefit for backup/DR and data exchange purposes. 

7) Adding ECKD and tape emulation would allow dramatic simplification
   of software distribution for System z operating systems, allowing
   applications to be directly supplied as disk images on inexpensive
   media (CDROM vs tape cartridges). This simplification would allow
   inexpensive distribution methods to be used in the future, as well
   as sophisticated verification tools that are not possible with
   tape-based installation today. 

8) VSE users have had the option of supporting a remote tape server
   for some time now. This option has proven to be very flexible and
   helpful to control the costs of a System z solution, and allow
   considerable customer control of their data processing
   solution. Extending this support to all System z operating systems
   via a emulated tape device would be very desirable. 


Suggested implementation: 

1) Provide a 3390 ECKD EDEV device type for z/VM Guests

   Similar to the 9336 FBA EDEV, providing a 3390 ECKD EDEV would permit
   defining SCSI targets to map to a ECKD emulation layer provided in
   CP. Large device support is already present in CP and in most guest
   systems, allowing the guest OS to sense the appropriate model of
   3390 and build a real device support block as appropriate. 

2) Provide a emulated 3422, 3490 or 3590 to SCSI tape device type for
   z/VM Guests 

   The access model and tape handling model used by the typical SCSI
   tape drive are most similar to the 3420 and 3422 devices in that
   the 342x media have no defined cartridge size, and rely on the
   device to notify the OS of the end of media and other important
   details. Defining a emulated 3422 tape device would allow guests
   and CMS users to directly manipulate SCSI tape using all the
   existing tools without modification. The 3490 and 3590 emulation
   would allow 3490 and 3590 drives in libraries shared with
   non-System z systems to be defined physically as all-SCSI
   devices, allowing workload to be dynamically shifted between
   operating environments w/o partitioning libraries or separate
   device management. 

3) Provide a emulated tape to remote tape server option over TCP

   Providing a standardized ability to intercept I/O to a emulated tape and
   redirect it to a remote tape server would be very helpful for Linux
   and other guests to interact with tape managed by a host VM system
   (both SCSI and channel-attached). Mapping the emulated device to a
   IUCV service and having a CMS or Linux virtual machine multiplex
   the tape I/O to a remote system would be very desirable. 

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