otra prueba. a ver si hay un limite en el tamanio del cuerpo del mensaje.
Carlton Douglas Ridenhour (born August 1, 1960), better known by his stage
name Chuck D, is an American rapper, author,[1] and producer. He helped
create politically and socially conscious rap music in the mid-1980s as the
leader of the rap group Public Enemy. About.com ranked him #9 on their list
of the Top 50 MCs of Our Time, while The Source ranked him #12 on their
list of the Top 50 Hip-Hop Lyricists of All Time.[citation needed]
Contents
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Later career
4 Rapping technique and creative process
5 Politics
6 Personal life
7 TV appearances
8 Film appearances
9 Music appearances
10 Discography
10.1 With Public Enemy
10.2 Chuck D
11 Notes
12 References
13 External links
Early life
Ridenhour was born in Queens, New York.[2] After graduating from Roosevelt
Junior-Senior High School, he went to Adelphi University on Long Island to
study graphic design. He is the son of Lorenzo Ridenhour.
Career
Upon hearing Ridenhour's demo track "Public Enemy Number One", fledgling
producer/upcoming music-mogul Rick Rubin insisted on signing him to his Def
Jam label.[3]
Their major label albums were Yo! Bum Rush the Show (1987), It Takes a
Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back (1988), Fear of a Black Planet (1990),
Apocalypse 91... The Enemy Strikes Black (1991), Greatest Misses (1992),
and Muse Sick-n-Hour Mess Age (1994). They also released a full length
album soundtrack for the film He Got Game in 1998. Ridenhour also
contributed (as Chuck D) to several episodes of the PBS documentary series
The Blues. He has appeared as a featured artist on many other songs and
albums, having collaborated with artists such as Janet Jackson, Kool Moe
Dee, The Dope Poet Society, Run-DMC, Ice Cube, Boom Boom Satellites, Rage
Against the Machine, Anthrax, John Mellencamp and many others. In 1990, he
appeared on "Kool Thing", a song by the alternative rock band Sonic Youth,
and along with Flavor Flav, he sang on George Clinton's song "Tweakin'",
which appears on his 1989 album The Cinderella Theory. In 1993, he
executive produced Got 'Em Running Scared, an album by Ichiban Records
group Chief Groovy Loo and the Chosen Tribe.[4]
Later career
In 1996, Ridenhour released Autobiography of Mistachuck on Mercury Records.
Chuck D made a rare appearance at the 1998 MTV Video Music Awards,
presenting the Video Vanguard Award to the Beastie Boys, whilst commending
their musicianship. In November 1998, he settled out of court with
Christopher "The Notorious B.I.G." Wallace's estate over the latter's
sampling of his voice in the song "Ten Crack Commandments". The specific
sampling is Ridenhour counting off the numbers one to nine on the track
"Shut 'Em Down".[5]
In September 1999, he launched a multi-format "supersite" on the web site
Rapstation.com. A home for the vast global hip hop community, the site
boasts a TV and radio station with original programming, many of hip hop's
most prominent DJs, celebrity interviews, free MP3 downloads (the first was
contributed by multi-platinum rapper Coolio), downloadable ringtones by
ToneThis, social commentary, current events, and regular features on
turning rap careers into a viable living. Since 2000, he has been one of
the most vocal supporters of peer-to-peer file sharing in the music
industry.
He loaned his voice to Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas as DJ Forth Right MC
for the radio station Playback FM. In 2000, he collaborated with Public
Enemy's Gary G-Whiz and MC Lyte on the theme music to the television show
Dark Angel. He appeared with Henry Rollins in a cover of Black Flag's "Rise
Above" for the album Rise Above: 24 Black Flag Songs to Benefit the West
Memphis Three. He was also featured on Z-Trip's album Shifting Gears on a
track called "Shock and Awe"; a 12-inch of the track was released featuring
artwork by Shepard Fairey. In 2008 he contributed a chapter to Sound
Unbound: Sampling Digital Music and Culture (The MIT Press, 2008) edited by
Paul D. Miller a.k.a. DJ Spooky, and also turned up on The Go! Team's album
Proof of Youth on the track "Flashlight Fight." He also fulfilled his
childhood dreams of being a sports announcer by performing the play-by-play
commentary in the video game NBA Ballers: Chosen One on Xbox 360 and
PlayStation 3.
In 2009, Ridenhour wrote the foreword to the book The Love Ethic: The
Reason Why You Can't Find and Keep Beautiful Black Love by Kamau and Akilah
Butler. He also appeared on Brother Ali's album, Us.[6]
In March 2011, Chuck D re-recorded vocals with The Dillinger Escape Plan
for a cover of "Fight the Power".
Chuck D duetted with Rock singer Meat Loaf on his 2011 album Hell in a
Handbasket on the song "Mad Mad World/The Good God Is a Woman and She Don't
Like Ugly".
Rapping technique and creative process
Chuck D is known for his powerful rapping voice - How to Rap says, “Chuck D
of Public Enemy has a powerful, resonant voice that is often acclaimed as
one of the most distinct and impressive in hip-hop”.[7] Chuck D says this
was based on listening to Melle Mel and sportscasters such as Marv
Albert.[7]
Chuck D often comes up with a title for a song first[8][9] and that he
writes on paper, though he sometimes edits using a computer.[10] He also
prefers to not punch in vocals,[11] and he prefers to not overdub
vocals.[12]
Politics
Ridenhour is politically active; he co-hosted Unfiltered on Air America
Radio, testified before Congress in support of peer-to-peer MP3 sharing,
and was involved in a 2004 rap political convention. He continues to be an
activist, publisher, lecturer, and producer. Addressing the negative views
associated with rap music, he co-wrote the essay book Fight the Power: Rap,
Race, and Reality, along with Yusuf Jah. He argues that "music and art and
culture is escapism, and escapism sometimes is healthy for people to get
away from reality", but sometimes the distinction is blurred and that's
when "things could lead a young mind in a direction."[13] He also founded
the record company Slam Jamz and acted as narrator in Kareem Adouard's
short film Bling: Consequences and Repercussions, which examines the role
of conflict diamonds in bling fashion. Despite Chuck D and Public Enemy's
success, Chuck D claims that popularity or public approval was never a
driving motivation behind their work. He is admittedly skeptical of
celebrity status, revealing in a 1999 interview with BOMB Magazine that,
"The key for the record companies is to just keep making more and more
stars, and make the ones who actually challenge our way of life irrelevant.
The creation of celebrity has clouded the minds of most people in America,
Europe and Asia. It gets people off the path they need to be on as
individuals." [14]
In an interview with Le Monde published January 29, 2008,[15] Chuck D
stated that rap is devolving so much into a commercial enterprise, that the
relationship between the rapper and the record label is that of slave to a
master. He believes that nothing has changed for African-Americans since
the debut of Public Enemy and, although he thinks that an Obama-Clinton
alliance is great, he does not feel that the establishment will allow
anything of substance to be accomplished. He also stated that French
President Sarkozy is like any other European elite: he has profited through
the murder, rape, and pillaging of those less fortunate and he refuses to
allow equal opportunity for those men and women from Africa. In this
article, he also defended a comment made by Professor Griff in the past
that he says was taken out of context by the media. The real statement was
a critique of the Israeli government and its treatment of the Palestinian
people. Chuck D stated that it is Public Enemy's belief that all human
beings are equal.
In an interview with the magazine N'Digo published in late June 2008, he
spoke of today's mainstream urban music seemingly relishing the addictive
euphoria of materialism and sexism, perhaps being the primary cause of many
people harboring resentment towards the genre and its future. However he
has expressed hope for its resurrection, saying "It’s only going to be dead
if it doesn’t talk about the messages of life as much as the messages of
death and non-movement", citing artists such as NYOil, M.I.A. and the The
Roots as socially conscious artists who push the envelope creatively. "A
lot of cats are out there doing it, on the Web and all over. They’re just
not placing their career in the hands of some major corporation."[16]
Most recently Chuck D became involved in Let Freedom Sing: The Music of the
Civil Rights, a 3-CD box set from Time Life. He wrote the introduction to
the liner notes and is visiting colleges across the nation discussing the
significance of the set. He's also set to appear in a follow up movie
called Let Freedom Sing: The Music That Inspired the Civil Rights Movement.
In 2010, Chuck D released a track entitled "Tear Down That Wall". He said,
“I talked about the wall not only just dividing the U.S. and Mexico but the
states of California, New Mexico and Texas. But Arizona, it's like, come
on. Now they're going to enforce a law that talks about basically racial
profiling.”[17]
He is on the board of the TransAfrica Forum a Pan African organization that
works for the right of Africa, Caribbean and Latin American issues.
Personal life
Gaye Theresa Johnson
Chuck D is married to Gaye Theresa Johnson, an associate professor in the
Department of Black Studies at the University of California, Santa
Barbara.[18][19]
Chuck is a Sunni Muslim.[20]
Chuck is a pescatarian.[20][21]
TV appearances
Narrated and appeared on-camera for the 2005 PBS documentary Harlem
Globetrotters: The Team That Changed the World.
Appeared on-camera for the PBS program Independent Lens: Hip-Hop:
Beyond Beats and Rhymes.
Appeared in an episode of NewsRadio as himself.
He appeared on The Henry Rollins Show.
He was a featured panelist (with Lars Ulrich) on the May 12, 2000
episode of the Charlie Rose show. Host Charlie Rose was discussing the
Internet, copyright infringement, Napster Inc., and the future of the music
industry.[22]
He appeared on an episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast with Pat Boone.
While there, Space Ghost tried (and failed) to show he was "hip" to rap,
saying his favorite rapper was M. C. Escher.
He appeared on an episode of Johnny Bravo.
He appeared via satellite to the UK, as a panelist on BBC's Newsnight
on January 20, 2009, following Barack Obama's Inauguration.[23]
He Appeared on VH1 Ultimate Albums Blood Sugar Sex Magik talking about
the Red Hot Chili Peppers.
Film appearances
He is the narrator of the 2006 documentary Quilombo Country, directed
by Leonard Abrams.
He is prominently featured in Hip Hop: Beyond Beats and Rhymes, a 2006
documentary by Byron Hurt.
He is prominently featured in the 2008 film The Black Candle, directed
by M.K. Asante, Jr. and narrated by Maya Angelou.
He is featured in a web mini-series called On The Real Off The Record,
produced by The Real News Network, June 1, 2009.
He played a bank robber named "Malcolm Y" in an unused plotline for the
movie Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy, which was eventually released
straight-to-DVD as Wake Up, Ron Burgundy: The Lost Movie.
He appeared in An Alan Smithee Film: Burn Hollywood Burn.
He is featured in the 1997 documentary Rhyme & Reason about rap and hip
hop.
He is featured in the 2006 documentary "The Rap Report, Part 2" about
the history and founding of hip hop culture and rap music, produced by Rex
Barnett. Go to historyonvideo.net for more information about this program.
He is the narrator of the 2013 NBA TV's," The Doctor." Which features
the life and career of NBA great Dr. J, Julius Erving.
Music appearances
He raps on "New Agenda" from Janet Jackson's janet.. "I loved his work,
but I'd never met him…" said Jackson. "I called Chuck up and told him how
much I admired their work. When I hear Chuck, it's like I'm hearing someone
teaching, talking to a whole bunch of people. And instead of just having
the rap in the bridge, as usual, I wanted him to do stuff all the way
through. I sent him a tape. He said he loved the song, but he was afraid he
was going to mess it up. I said, 'Are you kidding?'"[24]
In 2010, Chuck D made an appearance on the track "Transformação"
(Portuguese for "Transformation") from Brazilian rapper MV Bill's album
Causa E Efeito (pt:Causa e Efeito, meaning Cause And Effect).
In 2011 Chuck D made an appearance on the track "Blue Sky / Mad Mad
World / The Good God Is A Woman And She Don't Like Ugly" from Meat Loaf's
2011 album Hell In A Handbasket.
In 2013, he has appeared in Mat Zo's single, "Pyramid Scheme."
In 2013 he performed at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Music Masters
concert tribute to the Rolling Stones.
Discography
With Public Enemy
Main article: Public Enemy discography
Chuck D
Studio albums
1996: Autobiography of Mistachuck
Compilation albums
2010 (as Mistachuck): I Don't Rhyme for the Sake of Riddlin'
2010: Action (DJ Matheos Worldwide International Remix) - Most*hifi
(featuring Chuck D. and Huggy)[25]
Notes
Jump up ^ D, Chuck; Jah, Yusuf (2007). Chuck D: Lyrics of a Rap
Revolutionary. Gardena, Calif.: Offda. ISBN 978-0-9749484-1-6.
Jump up ^ Chuck D biography. MTV.
Jump up ^ "Hip-hop, you don't stop". The Observer Music Monthly, June
18, 2006.
Jump up ^ "Chief Groovy Loo And The Chosen Tribe". Discogs.com.
Retrieved 2012-10-07.
Jump up ^ Reiss, Randy (November 17, 1998). "Public Enemy's Chuck D
Settles B.I.G. Copyright Suit". MTV. Retrieved 2012-10-07.
Jump up ^ Williams, Kam (June 30, 2009). "The Love Ethic".
KamWilliams.com. Retrieved June 30, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b Edwards, p. 248.
Jump up ^ Edwards, p. 31.
Jump up ^ Coleman, Brian. Check the Technique: Liner Notes for Hip-Hop
Junkies. New York: Villard/Random House, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8129-7775-2. p.
360.
Jump up ^ Edwards, p. 143.
Jump up ^ Edwards, p. 280.
Jump up ^ Edwards, p. 282.
Jump up ^ "Chuck D: The D is for Dangerous". Crave Online. August 6,
2007. Retrieved 2012-10-07.
Jump up ^ Thorpe, David. "Chuck D", ‘’BOMB Magazine’’ Summer, 1999.
Retrieved on June 13, 2012
Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
Jump up ^ Muhammad, Cinque. "Hip-Hop Conspiracy? Critics charge
conscious rap is silenced." N'Digo Online. June 26 - July 2, 2008.
Retrieved July 5, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Chuck D Takes Aim at Arizona; Public Enemy In the Studio".
Billboard.com. 2009-09-14. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
Jump up ^ Ceccato, Michael (February 5, 2010), "Chuck D raps a new game
to Sac State students", Sacramento Press, retrieved March 4, 2010
Jump up ^ "Gaye Theresa Johnson". Biography. University of California,
Santa Barbara. Retrieved March 4, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Islam in the African-American Experience - Richard
Brent Turner - Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2012-10-07.
Jump up ^ "PETA2 // Out There // Fight the Power With Chuck D".
Peta2.com. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
Jump up ^ A discussion of the music wars on the internet. Charlie Rose,
May 12, 2000.
Jump up ^ Newsnight debate on unity in America, rapper Chuck D says
"President Obama has set out a challenge to people everywhere."
Jump up ^ Q, June 1993
Jump up ^ "Action (DJ Matheos Worldwide International Remix)".
Amazon.com. Retrieved 2013-12-02.
References
Edwards, Paul (2009). How to Rap: The Art and Science of the Hip-Hop
MC. Chicago: Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-55652-816-3.
External links
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Chuck D
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chuck D.
Official website
Chuck D at the Internet Movie Database
Entry on Chuck D at Rolling Stone's website
How To Stomp the Blues and Funk the World: Chuck D/Public Enemy at Fine
Print Magazine's website
[show]
v
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Air America (and list of affiliates)
[show]
v
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Public Enemy
Authority control
WorldCat
VIAF: 50160928
LCCN: n93117960
ISNI: 0000 0003 6840 2551
GND: 12444590X
Categories:
1960 births
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American talk radio hosts
African-American male rappers
Public Enemy members
People from Nassau County, New York
Adelphi University alumni
Musicians from New York
Rappers from New York
Mercury Records artists
African-American Muslims
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