I am in agreement that the sedge photographed which was initially thought to be 
C.echinata is close to Carex leersii.  But as the images are not of mature 
fruits (and may not be sufficiently close-up to show the necessary detail) we 
may not be able to be certain certain of an identification.  
Unless we have a specialist, familiar with the genus in Kashmir, then it may be 
impossible for us to proceed further.  Perhaps a member in Kashmir or visiting 
Kashmir can take better close-ups of the mature fruits of this plant and send 
us?   A specialist might be able toidentify the photos.
I remember (when working in Wales, which is a part of the UK) undertaking 
survey work, I took a specimen of a sedge (albeit foliage only) to show one of 
our country's Carex specialist (and one of the best field botanists overall).  
He could only be 90% sure what it was.
It may be that a Carex specialist would require a quality pressed specimen to 
be certain.
I note the following publication but do not have a copy: 
Haq, E. U., G. H. Dar, B. A. Wafai and Jacob Koopman.    
The Genus Carex L. (Cyperaceae) in the Kashmir Himalaya, India: A Taxonomic 
Appraisal. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun. (In press).
Perhaps someone who has a copy can consult this and see if it helps us?
Is Jacob Koopman a member of this group, as he is a Carex specialist when I am 
a beginner and this is not an easy genus?  Or could forward the images to 
request his input with this and indeed other Carex (and Cyperaceae) from 
Kashmir?
Makes sense if I concentrate my strictly limited time, energy & powers of 
concentration on genera and families where no specialists exist especially if 
they are not familiar with Himalayan species.  In some cases such specialists 
are not available.
With attempting to identify plants, one can easily spend hours (or even days or 
weeks) trying and then not being any the wiser afterwards.  There is a "law of 
diminishing returns" i.e. in some cases the only sensible course of action is 
to put to a side the specimens/photos and return to them at a later date.   
Sometimes, just a 'fresh' look, days, weeks or months later is sufficient.
I e.g. identified sets of photos taken in Ladakh last year.  For some images I 
was uncertain with species the belonged to (but knew the genus) and for a few 
which family but not the genus, as a result of checking out images posted on 
eFI which I have checked in recent months, I can now name the 'outstanding' 
images from 2015.
And the more difficult example require a lot of concentration which one cannot 
always provide if tired or busy concentrating on other matters.  If one tries 
to name a plant in such circumstances, rushes this and does not check properly, 
mistakes are made and misidentifications are made.
Attempting to RELIABLY identify plants can be very demanding intellectually and 
mentally exhausting.  I am usually very tried, indeed exhausted after spending 
a day in a herbarium.  I do not think this is appreciated, especially in these 
days of "high-tech" science - just as "field skills" are often not valued in 
botany.  

Best Wishes,

Chris Chadwell

81 Parlaunt Road 
SLOUGH
SL3 8BE
UK

www.shpa.org.uk





      From: J.M. Garg <[email protected]>
 To: "[email protected]" <[email protected]> 
Cc: efloraofindia <[email protected]>; Gurcharan Singh 
<[email protected]>
 Sent: Thursday, 24 November 2016, 11:40
 Subject: Re: [efloraofindia:257595] Re: Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Juncaceae 
Week:Cyperaceae-Carex sp. 03042013GS1 for ID-GS21
   
Thanks, Chadwell ji.It appears close to Carex leersii F.W.Schultz as per the 
following:http://www.biopix.com/grey-sedge-carex-divulsa-ssp-leersii_photo-11966.aspxhttp://science.halleyhosting.com/nature/basin/sedge/carex/echinata/echinata.htm
On 15 November 2016 at 10:31, [email protected] 
<[email protected]> wrote:

Carex is a large and difficult genus.  I photographed 3 Carex in my own village 
in the UK this year and have only, so far, been able to name one of them.  
There is a guide to Carex published by the BSBI which I had a copy of at one 
time but was damaged and discarded; I do not currently have the budget to by an 
up-dated version.  Without it I will struggle (with help) to name the other two.
In the UK we are blessed with The Botanical Society of the British Isles (BSBI) 
which has a Panel of Referees and Specialists available to have material sent 
to them to identify.  There are a number of specialists available to accept 
specimens (either pressed and dried or in some cases fresh) with certain ones 
with particular expertise in particular groups or aggregates.  In all cases 
mature fruits and underground parts should be sent.  I doubt if many of them 
would be able or willing to attempt to name specimens on the basis of photos 
alone particular those not of greater close-ups or mature fruits than shown in 
these images.
As to the suggestion of Carex echinata is the sedge photographed; this is known 
as the 'Star Sedge' in the UK where it is common.  Dr Singh is correct that 
this species has not been recorded from Pakistan or Kashmir.  However, there is 
Carex polyphylla which has C.echinata var. leersii as a synonym.  Stewart 
recorded that at Gulmarg & Pahlgam from 2100-2700m but not Srinagar - though as 
I say, this is a difficult and poorly known genus.
Just quickly looked at 'The Plant List'.  Unfortunately, Carex polyphylla is 
not an accepted name but Carex leersi, a synonym is.  To be fair to Dr Singh 
the sedge he photographed has similarities to both species.   But I will need 
to inspect further - somewhen..... SO many genera needing attention!

On Wednesday, April 3, 2013 at 11:51:02 AM UTC+1, Gurcharan Singh wrote:
Carex species Photographed from Srinagar, Kashmir on grassy slopes. Looks like 
C. echinata, but not reported from the area. Kindly help in ID

-- 
Dr. Gurcharan SinghRetired  Associate Professor
SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
Phone: 011-25518297  Mob: 9810359089http://www.gurcharanfamily.com / 
http://people.du.ac.in/~singhg 45/ 

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