weiqingy commented on code in PR #28498:
URL: https://github.com/apache/flink/pull/28498#discussion_r3555146442


##########
flink-formats/flink-avro-confluent-registry/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/formats/avro/registry/confluent/debezium/DebeziumAvroDecodingFormat.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.formats.avro.registry.confluent.debezium;
+
+import org.apache.flink.api.common.serialization.DeserializationSchema;
+import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.TypeInformation;
+import 
org.apache.flink.formats.avro.registry.confluent.debezium.DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema.MetadataConverter;
+import org.apache.flink.table.api.DataTypes;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.ChangelogMode;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.Projection;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.format.DecodingFormat;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.format.ProjectableDecodingFormat;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.source.DynamicTableSource;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.GenericMapData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.GenericRowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.RowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.StringData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.DataType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.utils.DataTypeUtils;
+import org.apache.flink.types.RowKind;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+/** {@link DecodingFormat} for Debezium using Avro encoding. */
+public class DebeziumAvroDecodingFormat
+        implements ProjectableDecodingFormat<DeserializationSchema<RowData>> {
+
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Mutable attributes
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    private List<String> metadataKeys;
+
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Debezium-specific attributes
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    private final String schemaRegistryURL;
+    private final String schema;
+    private final Map<String, ?> optionalPropertiesMap;
+
+    public DebeziumAvroDecodingFormat(
+            String schemaRegistryURL, String schema, Map<String, ?> 
optionalPropertiesMap) {
+        this.schemaRegistryURL = schemaRegistryURL;
+        this.schema = schema;
+        this.optionalPropertiesMap = optionalPropertiesMap;
+        this.metadataKeys = Collections.emptyList();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public DeserializationSchema<RowData> createRuntimeDecoder(
+            DynamicTableSource.Context context, DataType physicalDataType, 
int[][] projections) {
+        physicalDataType = 
Projection.of(projections).project(physicalDataType);
+
+        final List<ReadableMetadata> readableMetadata =
+                metadataKeys.stream()
+                        .map(
+                                k ->
+                                        Stream.of(ReadableMetadata.values())
+                                                .filter(rm -> rm.key.equals(k))
+                                                .findFirst()
+                                                
.orElseThrow(IllegalStateException::new))
+                        .collect(Collectors.toList());
+        final List<DataTypes.Field> metadataFields =
+                readableMetadata.stream()
+                        .map(m -> DataTypes.FIELD(m.key, m.dataType))
+                        .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        final DataType producedDataType =
+                DataTypeUtils.appendRowFields(physicalDataType, 
metadataFields);
+        final TypeInformation<RowData> producedTypeInfo =
+                context.createTypeInformation(producedDataType);
+
+        return new DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema(
+                physicalDataType,
+                readableMetadata,
+                producedTypeInfo,
+                schemaRegistryURL,
+                schema,
+                optionalPropertiesMap);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<String, DataType> listReadableMetadata() {
+        final Map<String, DataType> metadataMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        Stream.of(ReadableMetadata.values())
+                .forEachOrdered(m -> metadataMap.put(m.key, m.dataType));
+        return metadataMap;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void applyReadableMetadata(List<String> metadataKeys) {
+        this.metadataKeys = metadataKeys;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ChangelogMode getChangelogMode() {
+        return ChangelogMode.newBuilder()
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.INSERT)
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.UPDATE_BEFORE)
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.UPDATE_AFTER)
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.DELETE)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Metadata handling
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /** List of metadata that can be read with this format. */
+    enum ReadableMetadata {
+        INGESTION_TIMESTAMP(
+                "ingestion-timestamp",
+                DataTypes.TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE(3).nullable(),
+                DataTypes.FIELD("ts_ms", 
DataTypes.TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE(3)),
+                new MetadataConverter() {
+                    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public Object convert(GenericRowData row, int unused) {
+                        return row;
+                    }
+                }),
+
+        SOURCE_TIMESTAMP(
+                "source.timestamp",
+                DataTypes.TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE(3).nullable(),
+                SOURCE_FIELD,
+                new MetadataConverter() {
+                    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public Object convert(GenericRowData row, int unused) {
+                        int pos = SOURCE_PROPERTY_POSITION.get("ts_ms");
+                        return row.getField(pos);
+                    }
+                }),
+
+        SOURCE_DATABASE(
+                "source.database",
+                DataTypes.STRING().nullable(),
+                SOURCE_FIELD,
+                new MetadataConverter() {
+                    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public Object convert(GenericRowData row, int unused) {
+                        int pos = SOURCE_PROPERTY_POSITION.get("db");
+                        return row.getField(pos);
+                    }
+                }),
+
+        SOURCE_SCHEMA(
+                "source.schema",
+                DataTypes.STRING().nullable(),
+                SOURCE_FIELD,
+                new MetadataConverter() {
+                    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public Object convert(GenericRowData row, int unused) {
+                        int pos = SOURCE_PROPERTY_POSITION.get("schema");
+                        return row.getField(pos);
+                    }
+                }),
+
+        SOURCE_TABLE(
+                "source.table",
+                DataTypes.STRING().nullable(),
+                SOURCE_FIELD,
+                new MetadataConverter() {
+                    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public Object convert(GenericRowData row, int unused) {
+                        int pos = SOURCE_PROPERTY_POSITION.get("table");
+                        return row.getField(pos);
+                    }
+                }),
+
+        SOURCE_PROPERTIES(
+                "source.properties",
+                // key and value of the map are nullable to make handling 
easier in queries
+                DataTypes.MAP(DataTypes.STRING().nullable(), 
DataTypes.STRING().nullable())
+                        .nullable(),
+                SOURCE_FIELD,
+                new MetadataConverter() {
+                    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public Object convert(GenericRowData row, int unused) {
+                        Map<StringData, StringData> result = new HashMap<>();
+                        for (int i = 0; i < SOURCE_PROPERTY_FIELDS.length; 
i++) {
+                            Object value = row.getField(i);
+                            result.put(
+                                    
StringData.fromString(SOURCE_PROPERTY_FIELDS[i].getName()),
+                                    value == null ? null : 
StringData.fromString(value.toString()));
+                        }
+                        return new GenericMapData(result);
+                    }
+                });
+
+        final String key;
+        final DataType dataType;
+        final DataTypes.Field requiredAvroField;
+        final MetadataConverter converter;
+
+        ReadableMetadata(
+                String key,
+                DataType dataType,
+                DataTypes.Field requiredAvroField,
+                MetadataConverter converter) {
+            this.key = key;
+            this.dataType = dataType;
+            this.requiredAvroField = requiredAvroField;
+            this.converter = converter;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final DataTypes.Field[] SOURCE_PROPERTY_FIELDS = {

Review Comment:
   Resolved — thanks. `convertSourceToMap` now iterates the writer's `source` 
schema (`DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema.java:123-140`), so 
connector-specific fields survive into the `MAP` and the fixed-order 13-field 
projection is gone. That's exactly the shape this thread was after.



##########
flink-formats/flink-avro-confluent-registry/src/test/java/org/apache/flink/formats/avro/registry/confluent/debezium/DebeziumAvroSerDeSchemaTest.java:
##########
@@ -146,10 +151,42 @@ void testDeleteDataDeserialization() throws Exception {
         assertThat(actual).isEqualTo(expected);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testDeserializationWithMetadata() throws Exception {
+        testDeserializationWithMetadata(
+                "debezium-avro-insert.avro",
+                row -> {
+                    // Physical columns
+                    assertThat(row.getLong(0)).isEqualTo(1L);
+                    assertThat(row.getString(1).toString()).isEqualTo("lisi");
+                    assertThat(row.getString(2).toString()).isEqualTo("test 
debezium avro data");
+                    assertThat(row.getDouble(3)).isEqualTo(21.799999237060547);
+
+                    // Metadata: ingestion-timestamp (field index 4)
+                    assertThat(row.getTimestamp(4, 3)).isNotNull();

Review Comment:
   The assertion quality is much better here — the `isNotNull()` tautology is 
replaced with exact-value checks and `source.schema` null is now asserted 
(`:205,208,214`). One thing carries over, so I've raised it inline on the 
injection site rather than repeat it here: the test injects a pre-opened 
`genericDeserializer` and requests all six metadata in enum order, which is the 
one path that avoids both production-path bugs.



##########
flink-formats/flink-avro-confluent-registry/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/formats/avro/registry/confluent/debezium/DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema.java:
##########
@@ -189,22 +252,41 @@ public boolean equals(Object o) {
         }
         DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema that = 
(DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema) o;
         return Objects.equals(avroDeserializer, that.avroDeserializer)
-                && Objects.equals(producedTypeInfo, that.producedTypeInfo);
+                && Objects.equals(producedTypeInfo, that.producedTypeInfo)
+                && hasMetadata == that.hasMetadata;
     }
 
     @Override
     public int hashCode() {
-        return Objects.hash(avroDeserializer, producedTypeInfo);
+        return Objects.hash(avroDeserializer, producedTypeInfo, hasMetadata);
     }
 
-    public static RowType createDebeziumAvroRowType(DataType databaseSchema) {
-        // Debezium Avro contains other information, e.g. "source", "ts_ms"
-        // but we don't need them
-        return (RowType)
+    public static RowType createDebeziumAvroRowType(

Review Comment:
   Resolved — the stale param-list comment is gone.



##########
flink-formats/flink-avro-confluent-registry/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/formats/avro/registry/confluent/debezium/DebeziumAvroDecodingFormat.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.formats.avro.registry.confluent.debezium;
+
+import org.apache.flink.api.common.serialization.DeserializationSchema;
+import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.TypeInformation;
+import 
org.apache.flink.formats.avro.registry.confluent.debezium.DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema.MetadataConverter;
+import org.apache.flink.table.api.DataTypes;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.ChangelogMode;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.Projection;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.format.DecodingFormat;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.format.ProjectableDecodingFormat;
+import org.apache.flink.table.connector.source.DynamicTableSource;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.GenericMapData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.GenericRowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.RowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.StringData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.DataType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.utils.DataTypeUtils;
+import org.apache.flink.types.RowKind;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+/** {@link DecodingFormat} for Debezium using Avro encoding. */
+public class DebeziumAvroDecodingFormat
+        implements ProjectableDecodingFormat<DeserializationSchema<RowData>> {
+
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Mutable attributes
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    private List<String> metadataKeys;
+
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Debezium-specific attributes
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    private final String schemaRegistryURL;
+    private final String schema;
+    private final Map<String, ?> optionalPropertiesMap;
+
+    public DebeziumAvroDecodingFormat(
+            String schemaRegistryURL, String schema, Map<String, ?> 
optionalPropertiesMap) {
+        this.schemaRegistryURL = schemaRegistryURL;
+        this.schema = schema;
+        this.optionalPropertiesMap = optionalPropertiesMap;
+        this.metadataKeys = Collections.emptyList();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public DeserializationSchema<RowData> createRuntimeDecoder(
+            DynamicTableSource.Context context, DataType physicalDataType, 
int[][] projections) {
+        physicalDataType = 
Projection.of(projections).project(physicalDataType);
+
+        final List<ReadableMetadata> readableMetadata =
+                metadataKeys.stream()
+                        .map(
+                                k ->
+                                        Stream.of(ReadableMetadata.values())
+                                                .filter(rm -> rm.key.equals(k))
+                                                .findFirst()
+                                                
.orElseThrow(IllegalStateException::new))
+                        .collect(Collectors.toList());
+        final List<DataTypes.Field> metadataFields =
+                readableMetadata.stream()
+                        .map(m -> DataTypes.FIELD(m.key, m.dataType))
+                        .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        final DataType producedDataType =
+                DataTypeUtils.appendRowFields(physicalDataType, 
metadataFields);
+        final TypeInformation<RowData> producedTypeInfo =
+                context.createTypeInformation(producedDataType);
+
+        return new DebeziumAvroDeserializationSchema(
+                physicalDataType,
+                readableMetadata,
+                producedTypeInfo,
+                schemaRegistryURL,
+                schema,
+                optionalPropertiesMap);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<String, DataType> listReadableMetadata() {
+        final Map<String, DataType> metadataMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        Stream.of(ReadableMetadata.values())
+                .forEachOrdered(m -> metadataMap.put(m.key, m.dataType));
+        return metadataMap;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void applyReadableMetadata(List<String> metadataKeys) {
+        this.metadataKeys = metadataKeys;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ChangelogMode getChangelogMode() {
+        return ChangelogMode.newBuilder()
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.INSERT)
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.UPDATE_BEFORE)
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.UPDATE_AFTER)
+                .addContainedKind(RowKind.DELETE)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Metadata handling
+    // 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    /** List of metadata that can be read with this format. */
+    enum ReadableMetadata {
+        INGESTION_TIMESTAMP(

Review Comment:
   Resolved — `ts_ms` is now read as a top-level `BIGINT` and the inner 
converter does real extraction (`DebeziumAvroDecodingFormat.java:152-157`); the 
unreachable `return row` is gone.



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