ykisana opened a new pull request, #29413:
URL: https://github.com/apache/flink/pull/29413

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   ## What is the purpose of the change
   
   Addresses: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FLINK-40923
   `RexSimplify` rewrote a comparison of an expression with itself (`x <op> x`) 
as if `x` always equals itself: `=`, `>=`, `<=` became `x IS NOT NULL`, and 
`<>`, `<`, `>` became `FALSE`. For FLOAT/DOUBLE this is wrong when `x` is NaN, 
because the runtime compares NaN per IEEE 754 (`NaN = NaN` is FALSE). As a 
result, the same query returned different rows depending on whether the planner 
could see that both sides were the same expression. For example, with `a` and 
`b` both derived from `x`, `WHERE a >= b` kept the NaN row, but dropped it 
after the input was first written to a table.
   
   
   ## Brief change log
   
   - `RexSimplify#simplifyComparison`: skip the reflexive-comparison rewrite 
when the operand type is approximate numeric 
(`SqlTypeUtil.isApproximateNumeric`), marked as a FLINK MODIFICATION in Flink's 
copy of the Calcite class
   - `ComparisonFunctionITCase`: added cases comparing a NaN value with itself 
for all six comparison operators on DOUBLE, `=` on FLOAT, and checks that 
non-NaN and NULL results are unchanged
   
   ## Verifying this change
   
   This change added tests and can be verified as follows:
   
   - Added cases to `ComparisonFunctionITCase` that compare `CAST('NaN' AS 
DOUBLE)` / `CAST('NaN' AS FLOAT)` with itself, run through SQL and the Table 
API. Without the fix, 15 cases fail (`=`, `>=`, `<=`, `<>` on DOUBLE and `=` on 
FLOAT, each in 3 variants); with the fix, all 69 cases pass.
   - Ran the planner's `*RuleTest` and `*CalcTest` plan tests (1,230 tests): no 
plan changes.
   
   ## Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:
   
   - Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): no
   - The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with 
`@Public(Evolving)`: no
   - The serializers: no
   - The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): no
   - Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its 
components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: no
   - The S3 file system connector: no
   
   ## Documentation
   
   - Does this pull request introduce a new feature? no
   - If yes, how is the feature documented? not applicable
   
   ---
   
   ##### Was generative AI tooling used to co-author this PR?
   
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   - [x] Yes (please specify the tool below)
   
   Generated-by: Claude Opus 5.5
   
   Tests and PR desc were done by Claude, fix was manually done by me ✋ 
   
   **Note**: From working on this issue a larger issue of inconsistent NaN 
comparison found throughout the codebase.
   Ticket filed here: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FLINK-40927


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