wombatu-kun commented on code in PR #16439:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/16439#discussion_r3360514090


##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/StatsUtil.java:
##########
@@ -171,14 +171,14 @@ public Types.NestedField struct(Types.StructType struct, 
List<Types.NestedField>
 
     @Override
     public Types.NestedField field(Types.NestedField field, Types.NestedField 
fieldResult) {
-      if (field.type().isNestedType() || field.type().isVariantType()) {
+      if (field.type().isNestedType()) {
         return null;
       }
 
       int fieldId = StatsUtil.statsFieldIdForField(field.fieldId());
       if (fieldId >= 0) {
         Types.StructType structType = FieldStatistic.fieldStatsFor(field, 
fieldId);
-        return optional(fieldId, Integer.toString(field.fieldId()), 
structType);
+        return optional(fieldId, field.name(), structType);

Review Comment:
   `field.name()` is the field's simple (local) name, which is not unique 
across nested fields. Two leaf columns that share a simple name in different 
structs both produce a `content_stats` child with that name, which is an 
invalid struct: name-indexing throws `ValidationException: Invalid schema: 
multiple fields for name ...` (IndexByName.java:200), and `StructType`/Avro 
also reject duplicate field names. The previous field-id string was always 
unique. spec.md:800 recommends the full field name; since `contentStatsFor` has 
the `Schema`, consider `schema.findColumnName(field.fieldId())` here instead.
   
   Failing test against this branch:
   
   ```java
   @Test
   public void contentStatsChildNamesAreUnique() {
     Schema schema =
         new Schema(
             required(1, "a", Types.StructType.of(required(2, "x", 
Types.IntegerType.get()))),
             required(3, "b", Types.StructType.of(required(4, "x", 
Types.IntegerType.get()))));
   
     Types.StructType contentStats = 
StatsUtil.contentStatsFor(schema).type().asStructType();
   
     // content_stats child names = [x, x]
     
assertThat(contentStats.fields().stream().map(Types.NestedField::name).toList())
         .doesNotHaveDuplicates();
   
     // and new Schema(contentStats.fields()) throws:
     //   ValidationException: Invalid schema: multiple fields for name 
x.lower_bound: 10401 and 10801
   }
   ```
   



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