yangshangqing95 opened a new pull request, #17192:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/17192

   ### Summary
   
   This PR adds a new puffin_files metadata table that exposes registered 
Puffin statistics files from Iceberg table metadata.
   
   The table reads only `Table#statisticsFiles()` and does not open Puffin 
files, read Puffin footers, or parse blob payload bytes.
   
   The new metadata table returns one row per registered statistics file with 
file-level summary information:
   ```
   snapshot_id
   statistics_path
   file_size_in_bytes
   file_footer_size_in_bytes
   blob_count
   blob_types
   field_ids
   field_names
   ```
   
   Example Spark SQL output:
   ```sql
   SELECT * FROM catalog.db.table..puffin_files;
   ```
   | snapshot_id | statistics_path | file_size_in_bytes | 
file_footer_size_in_bytes | blob_count | blob_types | field_ids | field_names |
   |---:|---|---:|---:|---:|---|---|---|
   | xxxxxxxxxx | `.../xxxxxx....stats` | 617 | 523 | 2 | 
`["apache-datasketches-theta-v1"]` | `[1,2]` | `["id","data"]` |
   ### Motivation
   
   Iceberg tables can register Puffin statistics files in table metadata, but 
there is currently no metadata table that makes those registered statistics 
files easy to inspect through SQL.
   
   Exposing this information through a metadata table makes it easier to debug 
and observe Puffin-backed table statistics, such as NDV statistics written by 
compute_table_stats, without requiring users to inspect metadata JSON manually.


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