dossett commented on code in PR #3666:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/3666#discussion_r3770759748


##########
pyiceberg/expressions/visitors.py:
##########
@@ -1985,6 +1970,46 @@ def visit_unbound_predicate(self, predicate: 
UnboundPredicate) -> BooleanExpress
         return bound
 
 
+class ResidualVisitor:
+    """Find residuals for an expression using partition values.
+
+    A residual expression is made by partially evaluating an expression using 
partition values.
+    For example, if a table is partitioned by day(utc_timestamp) and is read 
with a filter expression
+    utc_timestamp > a and utc_timestamp < b, then there are 4 possible 
residual expressions
+    for the partition data, d:
+
+    1. If d > day(a) and d < day(b), the residual is always true
+    2. If d == day(a) and d != day(b), the residual is utc_timestamp > a
+    3. If d == day(b) and d != day(a), the residual is utc_timestamp < b
+    4. If d == day(a) == day(b), the residual is utc_timestamp > a and 
utc_timestamp < b
+    """
+
+    schema: Schema
+    spec: PartitionSpec
+    case_sensitive: bool
+    expr: BooleanExpression
+    partition_schema: Schema
+
+    def __init__(self, schema: Schema, spec: PartitionSpec, case_sensitive: 
bool, expr: BooleanExpression) -> None:
+        self.schema = schema
+        self.spec = spec
+        self.case_sensitive = case_sensitive
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.partition_schema = Schema(*spec.partition_type(schema).fields)
+
+    def eval(self, partition_data: Record) -> BooleanExpression:
+        return visit(
+            self.expr,
+            visitor=_ResidualEvaluationVisitor(

Review Comment:
   It is recreated in the case of cache misses, but the visitor is fairly 
lightweight.  There's still a net win because the heaviest work (building the 
partition `StructType`) is now done once per partition spec in the now 
immutable `ResidualEvaluator`.  That's a net savings even when there are no 
repeated values and no cache hits, per the performance measurement code I ran 
(that's in the third commit).



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