flyrain commented on code in PR #16131:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/16131#discussion_r3777303719


##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/rest/BaseRESTTable.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.rest;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import org.apache.iceberg.BaseTable;
+import org.apache.iceberg.SupportsReadRestrictions;
+import org.apache.iceberg.TableOperations;
+import org.apache.iceberg.metrics.MetricsReporter;
+import org.apache.iceberg.rest.restrictions.ReadRestrictions;
+
+/**
+ * BaseTable specialization for tables loaded via a REST catalog. Carries the 
per-principal {@link
+ * ReadRestrictions} that the REST server may have attached to the load 
response and advertises the
+ * capability via {@link SupportsReadRestrictions}.
+ *
+ * <p>Used by {@link RESTSessionCatalog} for REST loadTable paths that do not 
use server-side scan
+ * planning. {@link RESTTable} extends this class to add scan-planning. 
Non-REST catalogs (Hadoop,

Review Comment:
   Could we avoid introducing `BaseRESTTable` here? It appears to exist mainly 
because the current `RESTTable` is specifically the server-side scan-planning 
implementation, while the local-planning path still needs to carry read 
restrictions.
   
   The resulting names are a little misleading: `BaseRESTTable` is actually the 
general REST-loaded table, while `RESTTable` is the specialized one. 
   - option 1, would it be clearer to make `RESTTable` the common 
implementation that carries restrictions, and move the server-side planning 
behavior into a subclass such as `RESTScanPlanningTable`? We may have to go 
through deprecation process if if `RESTTable` has been released. 
   - option 2, a single `RESTTable` could select the scan implementation in 
`newScan()`. 
   
   The current hierarchy works, but the extra layer and naming make the 
distinction between “loaded through REST” and “uses REST scan planning” 
difficult to understand. 



##########
data/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/data/IcebergGenerics.java:
##########
@@ -103,7 +108,16 @@ public ScanBuilder metricsReporter(MetricsReporter 
reporter) {
     }
 
     public CloseableIterable<Record> build() {
-      return new TableScanIterable(tableScan, reuseContainers);
+      Optional<ReadRestrictions> restrictions = 
TableUtil.readRestrictions(table);
+      if (restrictions.isPresent() && restrictions.get().rowFilter() != null) {
+        this.tableScan = tableScan.filter(restrictions.get().rowFilter());
+      }
+
+      CloseableIterable<Record> records = new TableScanIterable(tableScan, 
reuseContainers);
+      if (restrictions.isPresent()) {
+        records = ReadRestrictionsApplier.apply(records, restrictions.get(), 
tableScan.schema());

Review Comment:
   If `ReadRestrictionsApplier.apply()` throws while binding the restrictions, 
could this leak the resources already acquired by `TableScanIterable`?
   
   For example, callers normally rely on try-with-resources:
   
   ```java
   try (CloseableIterable<Record> records = reader.build()) {
     // read records
   }
   ```
   
   However, `TableScanIterable` calls `scan.planTasks()` before `apply()` runs. 
If `apply()` throws, `build()` never returns, so the caller never receives 
`records` and the try-with-resources block cannot close it.
   
   Should `build()` close `records` when `apply()` fails, or should restriction 
binding happen before constructing `TableScanIterable`?



##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/rest/RESTSessionCatalog.java:
##########
@@ -557,13 +558,22 @@ public Table loadTable(SessionContext context, 
TableIdentifier identifier) {
     }
 
     List<Credential> credentials = response.credentials();
+    ReadRestrictions readRestrictions = response.readRestrictions();
     RESTClient tableClient = client.withAuthSession(tableSession);
     Supplier<BaseTable> tableSupplier =
         createTableSupplier(
-            finalIdentifier, tableMetadata, context, tableClient, tableConf, 
credentials);
+            finalIdentifier,
+            tableMetadata,
+            context,
+            tableClient,
+            tableConf,
+            credentials,
+            readRestrictions);
 
     String eTag = responseHeaders.getOrDefault(HttpHeaders.ETAG, null);
-    if (eTag != null) {
+    if (eTag != null && readRestrictions.isEmpty()) {

Review Comment:
   The case which may yield unexpected results:
   1. The client loads a table with no restrictions and caches it with ETag `A`.
   2. The server later adds read restrictions, but the table metadata does not 
change.
   3. The client sends `If-None-Match: A`.
   4. If the ETag represents only table metadata, the server may return `304`, 
causing the client to reuse the unrestricted cached table without seeing the 
new policy.
   
   I think the cleaner solution may be to strengthen the ETag contract rather 
than handle this only in the client. This is probably out-of-scope of this PR. 
Could we require the ETag to cover the complete `LoadTableResponse`, including 
`read-restrictions`, etc? Then any policy change would produce a different 
ETag, and `304` would mean that the entire effective response, not just the 
table metadata, is unchanged. This requirement should probably be made explicit 
in the spec. 



##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/rest/RESTSessionCatalog.java:
##########
@@ -1009,13 +1030,17 @@ public Table create() {
 
       trackFileIO(ops);
 
-      RESTTable restTable = restTableForScanPlanning(ops, ident, tableClient, 
tableConf);
+      RESTTable restTable =
+          restTableForScanPlanning(ops, ident, tableClient, tableConf, 
ReadRestrictions.empty());

Review Comment:
   Same here.



##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/rest/restrictions/ReadRestrictionsParser.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.rest.restrictions;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.iceberg.expressions.Expression;
+import org.apache.iceberg.expressions.ExpressionParser;
+import org.apache.iceberg.functions.IcebergFunction;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.collect.Lists;
+import org.apache.iceberg.util.JsonUtil;
+
+public class ReadRestrictionsParser {
+
+  private ReadRestrictionsParser() {}
+
+  private static final String REQUIRED_ROW_FILTER = "required-row-filter";
+  private static final String REQUIRED_COLUMN_PROJECTIONS = 
"required-column-projections";
+
+  public static String toJson(ReadRestrictions restrictions) {
+    return toJson(restrictions, false);
+  }
+
+  public static String toJson(ReadRestrictions restrictions, boolean pretty) {
+    return JsonUtil.generate(gen -> toJson(restrictions, gen), pretty);
+  }
+
+  public static void toJson(ReadRestrictions restrictions, JsonGenerator 
generator)
+      throws IOException {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(restrictions != null, "Invalid read 
restrictions: null");
+
+    generator.writeStartObject();
+
+    if (restrictions.rowFilter() != null) {
+      generator.writeFieldName(REQUIRED_ROW_FILTER);
+      ExpressionParser.toJson(restrictions.rowFilter(), generator);
+    }
+
+    if (!restrictions.columnProjections().isEmpty()) {
+      generator.writeArrayFieldStart(REQUIRED_COLUMN_PROJECTIONS);
+      for (IcebergFunction<?, ?> action : restrictions.columnProjections()) {
+        ActionParser.toJson(action, generator);
+      }
+      generator.writeEndArray();
+    }
+
+    generator.writeEndObject();
+  }
+
+  public static ReadRestrictions fromJson(String json) {
+    return JsonUtil.parse(json, ReadRestrictionsParser::fromJson);
+  }
+
+  public static ReadRestrictions fromJson(JsonNode node) {
+    if (node == null || node.isNull()) {
+      return ReadRestrictions.empty();
+    }
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(
+        node.isObject(), "Cannot parse read restrictions from non-object 
value: %s", node);
+
+    Expression rowFilter = null;
+    if (node.hasNonNull(REQUIRED_ROW_FILTER)) {
+      rowFilter = ExpressionParser.fromJson(node.get(REQUIRED_ROW_FILTER));

Review Comment:
   Is the intention to update this implementation to the field-ID-based 
expression format once #13879 lands? The current code and tests use the 
existing name-based ExpressionParser representation, which does not appear to 
support the proposed left/right and ID-reference wire format. 
   
   I assume the change to support new format should happen in the class 
`ExpressionParser`. WDYT?



##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/rest/RESTSessionCatalog.java:
##########
@@ -740,13 +757,17 @@ public Table registerTable(
 
     trackFileIO(ops);
 
-    RESTTable restTable = restTableForScanPlanning(ops, ident, tableClient, 
tableConf);
+    RESTTable restTable =
+        restTableForScanPlanning(ops, ident, tableClient, tableConf, 
ReadRestrictions.empty());

Review Comment:
   Should we also pass the read restrictions from the LoadTableResponse instead 
of hardcoding them to empty? They are likely empty when registering a table, 
but passing them through would be more flexible and robust for corner cases.



##########
data/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/data/ReadRestrictionsApplier.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.data;
+
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.iceberg.Schema;
+import org.apache.iceberg.expressions.Evaluator;
+import org.apache.iceberg.expressions.Expression;
+import org.apache.iceberg.functions.IcebergFunction;
+import org.apache.iceberg.functions.ReplaceWithNull;
+import org.apache.iceberg.functions.SaltedFunction;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.CloseableIterable;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import org.apache.iceberg.rest.restrictions.ReadRestrictions;
+import org.apache.iceberg.types.Types;
+import org.apache.iceberg.util.SerializableFunction;
+
+/**
+ * Applies server-provided {@link ReadRestrictions} (row filter + column 
masks) to a stream of
+ * {@link Record}s.
+ *
+ * <p>The row filter is evaluated per-record against the original column 
values before any mask is
+ * applied, as required by the spec:
+ *
+ * <blockquote>
+ *
+ * Row filters MUST be evaluated against the original, untransformed column 
values. Required
+ * projections MUST be applied only after row filters are applied.
+ *
+ * </blockquote>
+ *
+ * <p>Callers that also push the row filter into {@link 
org.apache.iceberg.TableScan#filter} get
+ * partition/stats-level pruning for free; this applier re-evaluates the 
filter at the row level so
+ * correctness does not depend on whether the surrounding reader honors 
residual evaluation.
+ *
+ * <p>Currently supports top-level fields only. Masks on nested fieldIds fail 
closed at bind time so
+ * unmasked nested data cannot leak.
+ *
+ * <p>Projections for columns that are not being read are skipped, as required 
by the spec:
+ *
+ * <blockquote>
+ *
+ * A reader must enforce projections on the columns it is actually reading. 
Projections referencing
+ * columns that are not being read do not apply.
+ *
+ * </blockquote>
+ */
+class ReadRestrictionsApplier {
+
+  private static final SecureRandom RANDOM = new SecureRandom();
+  private static final int SALT_LENGTH = 16;
+
+  private ReadRestrictionsApplier() {}
+
+  static CloseableIterable<Record> apply(
+      CloseableIterable<Record> records, ReadRestrictions restrictions, Schema 
projection) {
+    CloseableIterable<Record> filtered = filterRows(records, 
restrictions.rowFilter(), projection);

Review Comment:
   Looks good to me now. We could think about pushing down in the future. 
   
   For example, restriction handling can have two separate phases here:
   
   1. Before scan planning, the row filter should be added to `TableScan` so 
`planTasks()` can use it for partition, manifest, file-metrics, and 
reader-level pruning. The row filter and column masks could also be bound and 
validated at this point, before any scan resources are acquired.
   
   2. During record iteration, the bound row filter should be evaluated again 
against the original values, followed by the bound column masks. This preserves 
fail-closed row-level enforcement without depending on residual handling in the 
underlying reader.
   
   Conceptually, the API could look like:
   
   ```java
   BoundReadRestrictions bound =
       ReadRestrictionsApplier.bind(restrictions, tableScan.schema());
   
   CloseableIterable<Record> records =
       new TableScanIterable(tableScan, reuseContainers);
   
   return bound.apply(records);
   ```
   
   This keeps filter pushdown before `planTasks()`, while moving the operations 
that may fail during binding ahead of `TableScanIterable` construction and its 
resource acquisition.
   
   Not a blocker.



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