hcrosse commented on code in PR #2354:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-go/pull/2354#discussion_r4431436133


##########
table/expire_replay.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package table
+
+import (
+       "context"
+       "fmt"
+       "slices"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/io"
+)
+
+type stagedReplay struct {
+       branch  string
+       records []expirationRecord
+
+       // Record positions stay fixed even when replanning changes the update 
count.
+       // Snapshots use their most recent rebuild.
+       updates []Update
+
+       plans [][]string
+}
+
+func newStagedReplay(branch string, updates []Update, records 
[]expirationRecord) *stagedReplay {
+       return &stagedReplay{
+               branch:  branch,
+               records: records,
+               updates: slices.Clone(updates),
+               plans:   stagedPlans(records),
+       }
+}
+
+// On error, replay returns partial updates and replaced lists for cleanup.
+// The partial updates include a rebuilt snapshot that failed to apply.
+func (r *stagedReplay) replay(ctx context.Context, fresh Metadata, fs 
io.WriteFileIO, attempt int, force bool) ([]Update, []string, error) {
+       b, err := MetadataBuilderFromBase(fresh, "")
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, nil, err
+       }
+
+       var (
+               out          []Update
+               orphaned     []string
+               plans        [][]string
+               records      = r.records
+               chainRebuilt = force
+       )
+       apply := func(updates ...Update) error {
+               for _, u := range updates {
+                       if err := u.Apply(b); err != nil {
+                               return fmt.Errorf("apply %s: %w", u.Action(), 
err)
+                       }
+                       out = append(out, u)
+               }
+
+               return nil
+       }
+
+       for i := 0; i <= len(r.updates); {
+               if len(records) > 0 && records[0].pos == i {
+                       rec := records[0]
+                       records = records[1:]
+                       updates, walked, err := r.replan(b, rec)
+                       if err != nil {
+                               return out, orphaned, err
+                       }
+                       if err := apply(updates...); err != nil {
+                               return out, orphaned, err
+                       }
+                       if len(updates) > 0 {
+                               plans = append(plans, walked)
+                       }
+                       i += rec.count
+
+                       continue
+               }
+               if i == len(r.updates) {
+                       break
+               }
+
+               if su, ok := r.updates[i].(*addSnapshotUpdate); ok && 
su.rebuildManifestList != nil {
+                       // Sequence numbers and row IDs must include earlier 
replayed updates.
+                       state, err := b.clone().Build()
+                       if err != nil {
+                               return out, orphaned, err
+                       }
+                       next, err := rebuildStagedSnapshot(ctx, su, state, 
b.currentSnapshotForRef(r.branch), fs, attempt, chainRebuilt)
+                       if err != nil {
+                               return out, orphaned, err
+                       }
+                       if next != su {
+                               r.updates[i] = next
+                               orphaned = append(orphaned, 
su.Snapshot.ManifestList)
+                               chainRebuilt = true
+                       }
+               }
+               if err := apply(r.updates[i]); err != nil {
+                       return append(out, r.updates[i]), orphaned, 
fmt.Errorf("%w: staged update does not apply after refresh: %w", 
ErrTransactionUnusable, err)
+               }
+               i++
+       }
+       r.plans = plans
+
+       return out, orphaned, nil
+}
+
+func (r *stagedReplay) replan(b *MetadataBuilder, rec expirationRecord) 
([]Update, []string, error) {
+       if err := validateGCEnabledForSnapshotExpiration(b.props); err != nil {
+               return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrTransactionUnusable, 
err)
+       }
+
+       updates, walked, err := planExpiration(b, rec.cfg, rec.nowMs)
+       if err != nil {
+               return nil, nil, err
+       }
+
+       // Later updates depend on whether the staged plan removed the branch.
+       if removes := removesRef(updates, r.branch); removes != 
rec.removedBranch {
+               replanned, staged := "removes", "kept"
+               if !removes {
+                       replanned, staged = "keeps", "removed"
+               }
+
+               return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %w: replanned snapshot 
expiration %s commit branch %q, which the staged plan %s",
+                       ErrTransactionUnusable, ErrCommitFailed, replanned, 
r.branch, staged)
+       }
+
+       return updates, walked, nil
+}
+
+func stagedPlans(records []expirationRecord) [][]string {
+       var plans [][]string
+       for _, rec := range records {
+               if rec.count > 0 {
+                       plans = append(plans, rec.walked)
+               }
+       }
+
+       return plans
+}
+
+// Use base ref IDs, not staged IDs. The commit branch already has an assertion
+// that the transaction rebases.
+func expirationAssertions(base Metadata, branch string, plans [][]string, reqs 
[]Requirement) []Requirement {

Review Comment:
   I think we should keep the assertions on every walked ref. A peer can move 
any existing ref onto a snapshot that the stale plan removes, for example by 
rolling a branch back. The [metadata builder then drops that 
ref](https://github.com/apache/iceberg-go/blob/3b0a0ae83c060bb865b1851bce14e48738301e3c/table/metadata.go#L1103-L1109)
 when it removes the snapshot.
   
   Also, `planExpiration` removes an aged non-main ref by name. If a peer 
advances that ref, the stale plan still removes it. I added 
`TestExpireReplayKeepsAgedRefAfterPeerAdvancesIt` for that case. The cost is 
one retry when a peer moves a ref between refresh and submit, with replanning 
on the retry.



##########
table/table.go:
##########
@@ -626,15 +635,22 @@ func withCommitResume(resumes int) commitOption {
        return func(o *commitOpts) { o.resumes = resumes }
 }
 
-func (t Table) doCommit(ctx context.Context, updates []Update, reqs 
[]Requirement, opts ...commitOption) (*Table, error) {
+func withCommitReplay(replay *stagedReplay) commitOption {
+       return func(o *commitOpts) { o.replay = replay }
+}
+
+// Returned updates are from the successful attempt, not the staged plan.
+// If replay leaves no updates, return the refreshed table without a catalog
+// commit.
+func (t Table) doCommit(ctx context.Context, updates []Update, reqs 
[]Requirement, opts ...commitOption) (*Table, []Update, error) {

Review Comment:
   Thanks, I took your second suggestion. `doCommit` returns `(*Table, error)` 
again, and the test call sites match `main`. After a successful replay, 
`stagedReplay` records the landed updates and a `ran` flag. `Commit` uses those 
updates when replay ran, otherwise the staged updates. An empty replay runs no 
cleanup.
   
   `doCommit` still takes `withCommitReplay`. Replay and its ref assertions 
depend on each attempt's refreshed table, and `doCommit` owns cleanup of 
manifest lists rebuilt by failed attempts. Moving replay entirely into `Commit` 
would require a second copy of the retry loop there.



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