aokolnychyi commented on a change in pull request #3764:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/3764#discussion_r772548715



##########
File path: 
spark/v3.2/spark-extensions/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/AssignmentAlignmentSupport.scala
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.SQLConfHelper
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.Alias
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.AnsiCast
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.AttributeReference
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.Cast
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.CreateNamedStruct
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.Expression
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.ExtractValue
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.GetStructField
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.Literal
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.NamedExpression
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.Assignment
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LogicalPlan
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.util.CharVarcharUtils
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf.StoreAssignmentPolicy
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.DataType
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructField
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructType
+import scala.collection.mutable
+
+trait AssignmentAlignmentSupport extends CastSupport {
+
+  self: SQLConfHelper =>
+
+  private case class ColumnUpdate(ref: Seq[String], expr: Expression)
+
+  /**
+   * Checks whether assignments are aligned and match table columns.
+   *
+   * @param table a target table
+   * @param assignments assignments to check
+   * @return true if the assignments are aligned
+   */
+  protected def aligned(table: LogicalPlan, assignments: Seq[Assignment]): 
Boolean = {
+    val sameSize = table.output.size == assignments.size
+    sameSize && table.output.zip(assignments).forall { case (attr, assignment) 
=>
+      val key = assignment.key
+      val value = assignment.value
+      asAssignmentRef(attr) == asAssignmentRef(key) && attr.dataType == 
value.dataType
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Aligns assignments to match table columns.
+   * <p>
+   * This method processes and reorders given assignments so that each target 
column gets
+   * an expression it should be set to. If a column does not have a matching 
assignment,
+   * it will be set to its current value. For example, if one passes a table 
with columns c1, c2
+   * and an assignment c2 = 1, this method will return c1 = c1, c2 = 1.
+   * <p>
+   * This method also handles updates to nested columns. If there is an 
assignment to a particular
+   * nested field, this method will construct a new struct with one field 
updated
+   * preserving other fields that have not been modified. For example, if one 
passes a table with
+   * columns c1, c2 where c2 is a struct with fields n1 and n2 and an 
assignment c2.n2 = 1,
+   * this method will return c1 = c1, c2 = struct(c2.n1, 1).
+   *
+   * @param table a target table
+   * @param assignments assignments to align
+   * @return aligned assignments that match table columns
+   */
+  protected def alignAssignments(
+      table: LogicalPlan,
+      assignments: Seq[Assignment]): Seq[Assignment] = {
+
+    val columnUpdates = assignments.map(a => 
ColumnUpdate(asAssignmentRef(a.key), a.value))
+    val outputExprs = applyUpdates(table.output, columnUpdates)
+    outputExprs.zip(table.output).map {
+      case (expr, attr) => toAssignment(attr, expr)
+    }
+  }
+
+  protected def toAssignment(key: Expression, value: Expression): Assignment = 
{

Review comment:
       I added `AssignmentUtils` with a separate method dedicated to this 
functionality.




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