rdblue commented on a change in pull request #4263:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/4263#discussion_r835541833



##########
File path: python/src/iceberg/conversions.py
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@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+"""Utility module for various conversions around PrimitiveType implementations
+
+This module enables:
+    - Converting partition strings to built-in python objects
+    - Converting a value to a byte buffer
+    - Converting a byte buffer to a value
+
+Note:
+    Conversion logic varies based on the PrimitiveType implementation. 
Therefore conversion functions
+    are defined here as generic functions using the @singledispatch decorator. 
For each PrimitiveType
+    implementation, a concrete function is registered for each generic 
conversion function. For PrimitiveType
+    implementations that share the same conversion logic, registrations can be 
stacked.
+"""
+import struct
+import uuid
+from decimal import Decimal, localcontext
+from functools import singledispatch
+from typing import Union
+
+from iceberg.types import (
+    BinaryType,
+    BooleanType,
+    DateType,
+    DecimalType,
+    DoubleType,
+    FixedType,
+    FloatType,
+    IntegerType,
+    LongType,
+    PrimitiveType,
+    StringType,
+    TimestampType,
+    TimestamptzType,
+    TimeType,
+    UUIDType,
+)
+
+
+def convert_decimal_to_unscaled_value(decimal_type_var: DecimalType, value: 
Decimal) -> int:
+    """Get an unscaled value given a Decimal value and a DecimalType instance 
with defined precision and scale
+
+    Args:
+        decimal_type_var (DecimalType): A DecimalType instance with precision 
and scale
+        value (Decimal): A Decimal instance
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If either the scale or precision of `value` does not match 
that defined in the DecimalType instance provided as `decimal_type_var`
+
+    Returns:
+        int: The unscaled value
+    """
+    value_as_tuple = value.as_tuple()
+    value_precision = len(value_as_tuple.digits)
+    value_scale = -value_as_tuple.exponent
+
+    if value_scale != decimal_type_var.scale:
+        raise ValueError(f"Cannot serialize value, scale of value does not 
match type {decimal_type_var}: {value_scale}")
+    elif value_precision > decimal_type_var.precision:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Cannot serialize value, precision of value is greater than 
precision of type {decimal_type_var}: {value_precision}"
+        )
+
+    with localcontext() as ctx:
+        ctx.prec = decimal_type_var.precision
+        sign, digits, exponent = value.as_tuple()
+        value_w_adjusted_scale = Decimal((sign, digits, exponent + 
decimal_type_var.scale))
+        return int(value_w_adjusted_scale.to_integral_value())
+
+
+@singledispatch
+def from_partition_value_to_py(primitive_type, partition_value_as_str: str):
+    """A generic function function which converts a partition string to a 
python built-in
+
+    Args:
+        primitive_type(PrimitiveType): An implementation of the PrimitiveType 
base class
+        partition_value_as_str(str): A string representation of a partition 
value
+    """
+    if partition_value_as_str is None:
+        return None
+    raise TypeError(
+        f"Cannot convert partition string to python built-in, type 
{primitive_type} not supported: '{partition_value_as_str}'"
+    )
+
+
+@from_partition_value_to_py.register(BooleanType)
+def _(primitive_type, partition_value_as_str: str):
+    if partition_value_as_str is None:
+        return None

Review comment:
       Instead of adding this check in every method, could we use an outer 
function that calls the `@singledispatch` method?
   
   ```python
   def partition_to_py(primitive_type: PrimitiveType, value_str: str):
       if value_str is None:
           return None
       elif value_str == '__HIVE_DEFAULT_PARTITION__':
           return None
      return _partition_to_py(primitive_type, value_str)
   
   @singledispatch
   def _partition_to_py(primitive_type: PrimitiveType, value_str: str):
       raise TypeError("Cannot convert '{value_str}' to unsupported type: 
{primitive_type}")
   ```




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