taiyang-li commented on code in PR #2048:
URL: https://github.com/apache/orc/pull/2048#discussion_r1859724830


##########
c++/src/io/Cache.cc:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <cassert>
+
+#include "Cache.hh"
+
+namespace orc {
+
+  std::vector<ReadRange> ReadRangeCombiner::coalesce(std::vector<ReadRange> 
ranges) const {
+    if (ranges.empty()) {
+      return ranges;
+    }
+
+    // Remove zero-sized ranges
+    auto end = std::remove_if(ranges.begin(), ranges.end(),
+                              [](const ReadRange& range) { return range.length 
== 0; });
+    // Sort in position order
+    std::sort(ranges.begin(), end, [](const ReadRange& a, const ReadRange& b) {
+      return a.offset != b.offset ? a.offset < b.offset : a.length > b.length;
+    });
+
+    // Remove ranges that overlap 100%
+    std::vector<ReadRange> uniqueRanges;
+    uniqueRanges.reserve(ranges.size());
+    for (auto it = ranges.begin(); it != end; ++it) {
+      if (uniqueRanges.empty() || !uniqueRanges.back().contains(*it)) {
+        uniqueRanges.push_back(*it);
+      }
+    }
+    ranges = std::move(uniqueRanges);
+
+    // Skip further processing if ranges is empty after removing zero-sized 
ranges.
+    if (ranges.empty()) {
+      return ranges;
+    }
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ranges.size() - 1; ++i) {
+      const auto& left = ranges[i];
+      const auto& right = ranges[i + 1];
+      assert(left.offset < right.offset);
+      assert(!left.contains(right));
+    }
+#endif
+
+    std::vector<ReadRange> coalesced;
+
+    auto itr = ranges.begin();
+    // Ensure ranges is not empty.
+    assert(itr <= ranges.end());
+
+    // Start of the current coalesced range and end (exclusive) of previous 
range.
+    // Both are initialized with the start of first range which is a 
placeholder value.
+    uint64_t coalescedStart = itr->offset;
+    uint64_t coalescedEnd = coalescedStart + itr->length;
+
+    for (++itr; itr < ranges.end(); ++itr) {
+      const uint64_t currentRangeStart = itr->offset;
+      const uint64_t currentRangeEnd = currentRangeStart + itr->length;
+
+      assert(coalescedStart < coalescedEnd);
+      assert(currentRangeStart < currentRangeEnd);
+
+      // At this point, the coalesced range is [coalesced_start, 
prev_range_end).
+      // Stop coalescing if:
+      //   - coalesced range is too large, or
+      //   - distance (hole/gap) between consecutive ranges is too large.
+      if ((currentRangeEnd - coalescedStart > rangeSizeLimit) ||
+          (currentRangeStart > coalescedEnd + holeSizeLimit)) {
+        coalesced.push_back({coalescedStart, coalescedEnd - coalescedStart});
+        coalescedStart = currentRangeStart;
+      }
+
+      // Update the prev_range_end with the current range.
+      coalescedEnd = currentRangeEnd;
+    }
+    coalesced.push_back({coalescedStart, coalescedEnd - coalescedStart});
+
+    assert(coalesced.front().offset == ranges.front().offset);
+    assert(coalesced.back().offset + coalesced.back().length ==
+           ranges.back().offset + ranges.back().length);
+    return coalesced;
+  }
+
+  std::vector<ReadRange> coalesceReadRanges(std::vector<ReadRange> ranges, 
uint64_t holeSizeLimit,
+                                            uint64_t rangeSizeLimit) {
+    assert(rangeSizeLimit > holeSizeLimit);
+
+    ReadRangeCombiner combiner{holeSizeLimit, rangeSizeLimit};
+    return combiner.coalesce(std::move(ranges));
+  }
+
+  void ReadRangeCache::cache(std::vector<ReadRange> ranges) {
+    ranges = coalesceReadRanges(std::move(ranges), options_.holeSizeLimit, 
options_.rangeSizeLimit);
+
+    std::vector<RangeCacheEntry> newEntries = makeCacheEntries(ranges);
+    // Add new entries, themselves ordered by offset
+    if (entries_.size() > 0) {
+      std::vector<RangeCacheEntry> merged(entries_.size() + newEntries.size());
+      std::merge(entries_.begin(), entries_.end(), newEntries.begin(), 
newEntries.end(),
+                 merged.begin());
+      entries_ = std::move(merged);
+    } else {
+      entries_ = std::move(newEntries);
+    }
+  }
+
+  ReadRangeCache::BufferSlice ReadRangeCache::read(const ReadRange& range) {
+    if (range.length == 0) {
+      return {std::make_shared<Buffer>(*memoryPool_, 0), 0, 0};
+    }
+
+    const auto it = std::lower_bound(entries_.begin(), entries_.end(), range,
+                                     [](const RangeCacheEntry& entry, const 
ReadRange& range) {
+                                       return entry.range.offset + 
entry.range.length <
+                                              range.offset + range.length;
+                                     });
+
+    BufferSlice result{};
+    bool hit_cache = false;
+    if (it != entries_.end() && it->range.contains(range)) {
+      hit_cache = it->future.valid();
+      it->future.get();

Review Comment:
   Yes. It is as expected, just like the behavior when reading orc file without 
prefetch. 



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