JingsongLi commented on code in PR #9845:
URL: https://github.com/apache/paimon/pull/9845#discussion_r4022169643


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docs/docs/concepts/spec/manifest.md:
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@@ -63,6 +63,227 @@ skip manifests before opening them.
 Each extra file belongs exclusively to one manifest. It is retained and 
cleaned up together with
 that manifest during snapshot, tag, or changelog deletion.
 
+### Manifest Sidecar
+
+`ManifestSidecar` provides a binary sidecar for selecting complete Avro 
manifest blocks
+using independent partition, row-ID and bucket coverage. A sidecar uses the
+`<manifest-file-name>.avro.sidecar` naming convention. Readers find it through 
an explicit
+`.avro.sidecar` reference in the manifest metadata's `_EXTRA_FILES`, without 
probing a
+derived file name. The Avro schemas and `_VERSION` identifiers remain 
unchanged.
+
+The utility includes construction, validation, block selection and optional 
caching. Table
+writers and scans do not yet invoke it automatically. Callers are responsible 
for publishing
+sidecar references, managing file ownership, applying entry filters and 
reconciling ADD/DELETE
+entries after block selection. `build` returns null without opening files when 
`Settings.write`
+is false. Otherwise it reads the completed physical manifest and returns 
sidecar bytes; it does
+not write or publish another file.
+
+`Settings` contains `write` and `read` switches for the calling writer and 
scan, and enables
+row-ID and bucket payload generation independently. Partition generation is 
always enabled,
+including the empty partition tuple for unpartitioned tables. Missing or 
invalid
+metadata makes only the affected block's dimension unavailable. There is no 
sidecar byte budget:
+construction keeps complete coverage and `read` consumes the entire file once 
it is opened.
+
+`read` returns null immediately when `Settings.read` is false, without 
inspecting metadata,
+accessing the cache or opening files. An absent sidecar reference or an 
`IOException` also
+returns null, allowing the caller to fall back to the manifest. If the thread 
is interrupted, the I/O failure is propagated as
+`UncheckedIOException`. Other exceptions and errors propagate unchanged. 
`select` validates
+supplied bytes directly and reports invalid containers with `IOException`.
+
+Version 1 uses the following layout. Container `int` and `long` fields are 
signed, fixed-width
+4-byte and 8-byte big-endian integers. Encoding IDs are unsigned bytes with 
separate namespaces.
+Payload counts and envelopes use the same fixed-width types; delta streams use 
the
+variable-length encoding described below.
+
+```text
+magic : 4 bytes                         // ASCII PMSC
+formatVersion : int                    // 1
+manifestLength : long
+manifestEntryCount : long               // ADD + DELETE
+avroHeaderLength : int

Review Comment:
   var int



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