[ 
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PHOENIX-7025?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17770243#comment-17770243
 ] 

ASF GitHub Bot commented on PHOENIX-7025:
-----------------------------------------

shahrs87 commented on code in PR #1666:
URL: https://github.com/apache/phoenix/pull/1666#discussion_r1340672873


##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -287,10 +298,14 @@ public String toString() {
     private int queryTimeoutMillis;
     // Caching per Statement
     protected final Calendar localCalendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+    private boolean validateLastDdlTimestamp;
 
     public PhoenixStatement(PhoenixConnection connection) {
         this.connection = connection;
         this.queryTimeoutMillis = getDefaultQueryTimeoutMillis();
+        this.validateLastDdlTimestamp = 
this.connection.getQueryServices().getProps()

Review Comment:
   Do you want to follow `getDefaultQueryTimeoutMillis` way to initialize 
`validateLastDdlTimestamp`?  I think it keeps the constructor clean.



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -371,6 +482,23 @@ private PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final 
CompilableStatement stmt,
                                 plan =
                                         
connection.getQueryServices().getOptimizer()
                                                 
.optimize(PhoenixStatement.this, plan);
+                                setLastQueryPlan(plan);
+
+                                //verify metadata for the table/view/index in 
the query plan
+                                if (plan.getTableRef() != null && 
validateLastDdlTimestamp) {

Review Comment:
   Is it even possible to have `plan.getTableRef()` as null ?



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -317,16 +332,112 @@ protected QueryPlan optimizeQuery(CompilableStatement 
stmt) throws SQLException
     
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
     }
 
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
+    }
+
+    private String getInfoString(TableRef tableRef) {
+        return String.format("Tenant: %s, Schema: %s, Table: %s",
+                this.connection.getTenantId(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getSchemaName(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getTableName());
+    }
+
+    private void setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(
+            RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder 
innerBuilder,
+            byte[] tenantId, PTable pTable) {
+        byte[] schemaBytes = pTable.getSchemaName() == null

Review Comment:
   for schemaBytes, we are doing null check here but for tenantID bytes, we are 
doing null check in `getValidateDDLTimestampRequest`. This is little bit 
confusing. Lets do all null check in one place. I think it should be in this 
function.



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -317,16 +332,112 @@ protected QueryPlan optimizeQuery(CompilableStatement 
stmt) throws SQLException
     
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
     }
 
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
+    }
+
+    private String getInfoString(TableRef tableRef) {
+        return String.format("Tenant: %s, Schema: %s, Table: %s",
+                this.connection.getTenantId(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getSchemaName(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getTableName());
+    }
+
+    private void setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(
+            RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder 
innerBuilder,
+            byte[] tenantId, PTable pTable) {
+        byte[] schemaBytes = pTable.getSchemaName() == null
+                                ?   HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY
+                                : pTable.getSchemaName().getBytes();
+        innerBuilder.setTenantId(ByteStringer.wrap(tenantId));
+        innerBuilder.setSchemaName(ByteStringer.wrap(schemaBytes));
+        
innerBuilder.setTableName(ByteStringer.wrap(pTable.getTableName().getBytes()));
+        innerBuilder.setLastDDLTimestamp(pTable.getLastDDLTimestamp());
+    }
+    /**
+     * Build a request for the validateLastDDLTimestamp RPC.
+     * @param tableRef
+     * @return ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest for the table in tableRef
+     */
+    private RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest 
getValidateDDLTimestampRequest(TableRef tableRef) throws TableNotFoundException 
{
+        RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder 
requestBuilder
+                = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+        RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder innerBuilder
+                = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+
+        byte[] tenantIDBytes = this.connection.getTenantId() == null
+                                    ? HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY
+                                    : this.connection.getTenantId().getBytes();
+        setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(innerBuilder, tenantIDBytes, 
tableRef.getTable());
+        requestBuilder.addLastDDLTimestampRequests(innerBuilder);
+
+        /*
+        when querying a view, we need to validate last ddl timestamps for all 
its ancestors.
+         */
+        if (tableRef.getTable().getType().equals(PTableType.VIEW)) {
+            PTable pTable = tableRef.getTable();
+            while (pTable.getParentName() != null) {
+                PTable parentTable = this.connection.getTable(new 
PTableKey(this.connection.getTenantId(), pTable.getParentName().getString()));
+                innerBuilder = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+                setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(innerBuilder, 
tenantIDBytes, parentTable);
+                requestBuilder.addLastDDLTimestampRequests(innerBuilder);
+                pTable = parentTable;
+            }
+        }
+        return requestBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies that table metadata in client cache is up-to-date with server.
+     * A random live region server is picked for invoking the RPC to validate 
LastDDLTimestamp.
+     * Retry once if there was an error performing the RPC, otherwise throw 
the Exception.
+     * @param tableRef
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
+    private void validateLastDDLTimestamp(TableRef tableRef, boolean doRetry) 
throws SQLException {
+
+        String infoString = getInfoString(tableRef);
+        try (Admin admin = this.connection.getQueryServices().getAdmin()) {
+            // if this is a retry, update the list of live region servers in 
CQSI
+            if (!doRetry) {
+                this.connection.getQueryServices().refreshLiveRegionServers();

Review Comment:
   This seems little unusual to me. Normally whenever you encounter an 
exception, you need to clear the cache. So we should move refreshing live 
regionserver list call to the catch exception block.



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/schema/MetaDataClient.java:
##########
@@ -903,7 +903,7 @@ private boolean 
addColumnsAndIndexesFromAncestors(MetaDataMutationResult result,
                 String parentSchemaName = 
SchemaUtil.getSchemaNameFromFullName(parentName);
                 tableName = SchemaUtil.getTableNameFromFullName(parentName);
                 MetaDataMutationResult parentResult = 
updateCache(connection.getTenantId(), parentSchemaName, tableName,
-                        false, resolvedTimestamp);
+                        true, resolvedTimestamp);

Review Comment:
   Why is this change needed?



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -317,16 +332,112 @@ protected QueryPlan optimizeQuery(CompilableStatement 
stmt) throws SQLException
     
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
     }
 
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
+    }
+
+    private String getInfoString(TableRef tableRef) {
+        return String.format("Tenant: %s, Schema: %s, Table: %s",
+                this.connection.getTenantId(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getSchemaName(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getTableName());
+    }
+
+    private void setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(
+            RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder 
innerBuilder,
+            byte[] tenantId, PTable pTable) {
+        byte[] schemaBytes = pTable.getSchemaName() == null
+                                ?   HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY
+                                : pTable.getSchemaName().getBytes();
+        innerBuilder.setTenantId(ByteStringer.wrap(tenantId));
+        innerBuilder.setSchemaName(ByteStringer.wrap(schemaBytes));
+        
innerBuilder.setTableName(ByteStringer.wrap(pTable.getTableName().getBytes()));
+        innerBuilder.setLastDDLTimestamp(pTable.getLastDDLTimestamp());
+    }
+    /**
+     * Build a request for the validateLastDDLTimestamp RPC.
+     * @param tableRef
+     * @return ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest for the table in tableRef
+     */
+    private RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest 
getValidateDDLTimestampRequest(TableRef tableRef) throws TableNotFoundException 
{
+        RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder 
requestBuilder
+                = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+        RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder innerBuilder
+                = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+
+        byte[] tenantIDBytes = this.connection.getTenantId() == null
+                                    ? HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY
+                                    : this.connection.getTenantId().getBytes();
+        setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(innerBuilder, tenantIDBytes, 
tableRef.getTable());
+        requestBuilder.addLastDDLTimestampRequests(innerBuilder);
+
+        /*
+        when querying a view, we need to validate last ddl timestamps for all 
its ancestors.
+         */
+        if (tableRef.getTable().getType().equals(PTableType.VIEW)) {
+            PTable pTable = tableRef.getTable();
+            while (pTable.getParentName() != null) {
+                PTable parentTable = this.connection.getTable(new 
PTableKey(this.connection.getTenantId(), pTable.getParentName().getString()));
+                innerBuilder = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+                setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(innerBuilder, 
tenantIDBytes, parentTable);
+                requestBuilder.addLastDDLTimestampRequests(innerBuilder);
+                pTable = parentTable;
+            }
+        }
+        return requestBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies that table metadata in client cache is up-to-date with server.
+     * A random live region server is picked for invoking the RPC to validate 
LastDDLTimestamp.
+     * Retry once if there was an error performing the RPC, otherwise throw 
the Exception.
+     * @param tableRef
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
+    private void validateLastDDLTimestamp(TableRef tableRef, boolean doRetry) 
throws SQLException {
+
+        String infoString = getInfoString(tableRef);
+        try (Admin admin = this.connection.getQueryServices().getAdmin()) {
+            // if this is a retry, update the list of live region servers in 
CQSI
+            if (!doRetry) {
+                this.connection.getQueryServices().refreshLiveRegionServers();
+            }
+            // get all live region servers
+            List<ServerName> regionServers = 
this.connection.getQueryServices().getLiveRegionServers();
+            // pick one at random
+            ServerName regionServer
+                    = 
regionServers.get(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(regionServers.size()));
+
+            LOGGER.debug("Sending DDL timestamp validation request for {} to 
regionserver {}",
+                    infoString, regionServer.toString());

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
                       infoString, regionServer);
   ```



##########
phoenix-core/src/it/java/org/apache/phoenix/end2end/ServerMetadataCachingIT.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+package org.apache.phoenix.end2end;
+
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
+import org.apache.phoenix.cache.ServerMetadataCache;
+import org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.BaseTest;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.ConnectionQueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.QueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.PName;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.types.PVarchar;
+import org.apache.phoenix.thirdparty.com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.PropertiesUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.QueryUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.ReadOnlyProps;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.sql.Connection;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.coprocessor.CoprocessorHost.REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY;
+import static org.apache.phoenix.util.TestUtil.TEST_PROPERTIES;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.isNull;
+
+@Category({NeedsOwnMiniClusterTest.class })
+public class ServerMetadataCachingIT extends BaseTest {

Review Comment:
   This question is still open.



##########
phoenix-core/src/it/java/org/apache/phoenix/end2end/ServerMetadataCachingIT.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.phoenix.end2end;
+
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
+import org.apache.phoenix.cache.ServerMetadataCache;
+import org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint;
+import org.apache.phoenix.exception.PhoenixIOException;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.BaseTest;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.ConnectionQueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.QueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.ConnectionProperty;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.PTable;
+import org.apache.phoenix.thirdparty.com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.PropertiesUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.QueryUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.ReadOnlyProps;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.sql.Connection;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.coprocessor.CoprocessorHost.REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY;
+import static org.apache.phoenix.util.TestUtil.TEST_PROPERTIES;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
+
+@Category({NeedsOwnMiniClusterTest.class })
+public class ServerMetadataCachingIT extends BaseTest {
+
+    private final Random RANDOM = new Random(42);
+    private final long NEVER = (long) 
ConnectionProperty.UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY.getValue("NEVER");
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static synchronized void doSetup() throws Exception {
+        Map<String, String> props = Maps.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(1);
+        props.put(REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY,
+                PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint.class.getName());
+        props.put(QueryServices.LAST_DDL_TIMESTAMP_VALIDATION_ENABLED, 
Boolean.toString(true));
+        setUpTestDriver(new ReadOnlyProps(props.entrySet().iterator()));
+    }
+
+    private void createTable(Connection conn, String tableName, long 
updateCacheFrequency) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE TABLE " + tableName
+                + "(k INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, v1 INTEGER, v2 INTEGER)"
+                + (updateCacheFrequency == 0 ? "" : 
"UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY="+updateCacheFrequency));
+    }
+
+    private void createView(Connection conn, String parentName, String 
viewName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE VIEW " + viewName + " AS SELECT 
* FROM " + parentName);
+    }
+
+    private void upsert(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException 
{
+        conn.createStatement().execute("UPSERT INTO " + tableName +
+                " (k, v1, v2) VALUES ("+  RANDOM.nextInt() +", " + 
RANDOM.nextInt() + ", " + RANDOM.nextInt() +")");
+        conn.commit();
+    }
+
+    private void query(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException {
+        ResultSet rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) 
FROM " + tableName);
+        rs.next();
+    }
+
+    private void alterTableAddColumn(Connection conn, String tableName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " ADD IF 
NOT EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    private void alterViewAddColumn(Connection conn, String viewName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER VIEW " + viewName + " ADD IF NOT 
EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Client-1 creates a table, upserts data and alters the table.
+     * Client-2 queries the table before and after the alter.
+     * Check queries work successfully in both cases and verify number of 
addTable invocations.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryWithOldDDLTimestamp() throws SQLException {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table with UCF=never and upsert data using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // select query from client-2 works to populate client side 
metadata cache
+            // there should be 1 update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // add column using client-1 to update last ddl timestamp
+            alterTableAddColumn(conn1, tableName, "newCol1");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache
+            ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
+
+            // select query from client-2 with old ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be one more update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates += 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // select query from client-2 with latest ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be no more updates to client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test DDL timestamp validation retry logic in case of any exception
+     * from Server other than StaleMetadataCacheException.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryServerSideExceptionInValidation() throws 
Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // Instrument ServerMetadataCache to throw a SQLException once
+            cache = ServerMetadataCache.getInstance(config);
+            ServerMetadataCache spyCache = Mockito.spy(cache);
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).doCallRealMethod().when(spyCache)
+                    .getLastDDLTimestampForTable(any(), any(), 
eq(Bytes.toBytes(tableName)));
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(spyCache);
+
+            // query using client-2 should succeed
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+
+            // verify live region servers were refreshed
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, 
Mockito.times(1)).refreshLiveRegionServers();
+        }
+        finally {
+            // reset cache instance so that it does not interfere with any 
other test
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(cache);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test Select query with old ddl timestamp and ddl timestamp validation 
encounters an exception.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryWithOldDDLTimestampWithExceptionRetry() throws 
Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // query using client-2 to populate cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // add column using client-1 to update last ddl timestamp
+            alterTableAddColumn(conn1, tableName, "newCol1");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache
+            ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
+
+            // Instrument ServerMetadataCache to throw a SQLException once
+            cache = ServerMetadataCache.getInstance(config);
+            ServerMetadataCache spyCache = Mockito.spy(cache);
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).doCallRealMethod().when(spyCache)
+                    .getLastDDLTimestampForTable(any(), any(), 
eq(Bytes.toBytes(tableName)));
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(spyCache);
+
+            // query using client-2 should succeed, one additional cache update
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates += 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // verify live region servers were refreshed
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, 
Mockito.times(1)).refreshLiveRegionServers();
+        }
+        finally {
+            // reset cache instance so that it does not interfere with any 
other test
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(cache);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test Select Query fails in case Admin API throws IOException twice.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryFails() throws Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // Instrument ServerMetadataCache to throw a SQLException once
+            cache = ServerMetadataCache.getInstance(config);
+            ServerMetadataCache spyCache = Mockito.spy(cache);
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).doCallRealMethod().when(spyCache)
+                    .getLastDDLTimestampForTable(any(), any(), 
eq(Bytes.toBytes(tableName)));
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(spyCache);
+
+            // instrument CQSI to throw a SQLException once when live region 
servers are refreshed
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).when(spyCqs2).refreshLiveRegionServers();
+
+            // query using client-2 should fail
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            Assert.fail("Query should have thrown Exception");
+        }
+        catch (Exception e) {
+            Assert.assertTrue("PhoenixIOException was not thrown when 
CQSI.getAdmin encountered errors.", e instanceof PhoenixIOException);
+        }
+        finally {
+            // reset cache instance so that it does not interfere with any 
other test
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(cache);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Client-1 creates a table, 2 level of views on it and alters the first 
level view.
+     * Client-2 queries the second level view, verify that there were 3 cache 
updates in client-2,
+     * one each for the two views and base table. 
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryOnView() throws Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // create 2 level of views using client-1
+            String view1 = generateUniqueName();
+            String view2 = generateUniqueName();
+            createView(conn1, tableName, view1);
+            createView(conn1, view1, view2);
+
+            // query second level view using client-2
+            query(conn2, view2);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 3; // table, view1, view2
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // alter first level view using client-1 to update its last ddl 
timestamp
+            alterViewAddColumn(conn1, view1, "foo");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache
+            ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
+
+            // query second level view
+            query(conn2, view2);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates += 3; // table, view1

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
               expectedNumCacheUpdates += 3; // table, view1, view2
   ```



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -315,18 +327,91 @@ protected QueryPlan optimizeQuery(CompilableStatement 
stmt) throws SQLException
         return connection.getQueryServices().getOptimizer().optimize(this, 
plan);
     }
     
-    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger)
+    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean validateLastDdlTimestamp)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false, 
validateLastDdlTimestamp);
     }
 
-    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit)
+    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit, boolean 
validateLastDdlTimestamp)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit, 
validateLastDdlTimestamp);
+    }
+
+    private String getInfoString(TableRef tableRef) {
+        return String.format("Tenant: %s, Schema: %s, Table: %s",

Review Comment:
   Normally we use this convention: `<tenantID>, <schemaName>, <tableName>` 
while acquiring lock in MetadataEndpointImpl. 



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -317,16 +332,112 @@ protected QueryPlan optimizeQuery(CompilableStatement 
stmt) throws SQLException
     
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
     }
 
     protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit, 
this.validateLastDdlTimestamp);
+    }
+
+    private String getInfoString(TableRef tableRef) {
+        return String.format("Tenant: %s, Schema: %s, Table: %s",
+                this.connection.getTenantId(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getSchemaName(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getTableName());
+    }
+
+    private void setLastDDLTimestampRequestParameters(
+            RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder 
innerBuilder,

Review Comment:
   Change `innerBuilder` to `builder`?  There are no inner and outer builder in 
this method.



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -371,6 +482,23 @@ private PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final 
CompilableStatement stmt,
                                 plan =
                                         
connection.getQueryServices().getOptimizer()
                                                 
.optimize(PhoenixStatement.this, plan);
+                                setLastQueryPlan(plan);
+
+                                //verify metadata for the table/view/index in 
the query plan
+                                if (plan.getTableRef() != null && 
validateLastDdlTimestamp) {
+                                    try {
+                                        
validateLastDDLTimestamp(plan.getTableRef(), true);
+                                    } catch (StaleMetadataCacheException e) {
+                                        String planSchemaName = 
plan.getTableRef().getTable().getSchemaName().toString();
+                                        String planTableName = 
plan.getTableRef().getTable().getTableName().toString();
+                                        // force update client metadata cache
+                                        LOGGER.debug("Force updating client 
metadata cache for {}", getInfoString(getLastQueryPlan().getTableRef()));

Review Comment:
   If we receive StaleMetadataCacheException for any view in the view 
hierarchy, then we need to invlidate cache for the whole hierarchy, correct? 
since we don't know from the exception for which view the validation failed?



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/query/ConnectionQueryServicesImpl.java:
##########
@@ -5181,6 +5192,24 @@ private void flushTable(byte[] tableName) throws 
SQLException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public void refreshLiveRegionServers() throws SQLException {
+        synchronized (liveRegionServersLock) {
+            try (Admin admin = getAdmin()) {
+                this.liveRegionServers = new 
ArrayList<>(admin.getRegionServers(true));
+            }
+            catch (IOException e) {
+                throw ServerUtil.parseServerException(e);
+            }
+        }
+        LOGGER.info("Refreshed list of live region servers.");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public List<ServerName> getLiveRegionServers() {
+        return this.liveRegionServers;

Review Comment:
   Do we want to have synchronize block here also? Assume a case where 
refreshing the live regionservers is ongoing and some client tries to access 
liveRegionServers. That client will get stale copy of region servers.



##########
phoenix-core/src/it/java/org/apache/phoenix/end2end/ServerMetadataCachingIT.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.phoenix.end2end;
+
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
+import org.apache.phoenix.cache.ServerMetadataCache;
+import org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint;
+import org.apache.phoenix.exception.PhoenixIOException;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.BaseTest;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.ConnectionQueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.QueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.ConnectionProperty;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.PTable;
+import org.apache.phoenix.thirdparty.com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.PropertiesUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.QueryUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.ReadOnlyProps;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.sql.Connection;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.coprocessor.CoprocessorHost.REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY;
+import static org.apache.phoenix.util.TestUtil.TEST_PROPERTIES;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
+
+@Category({NeedsOwnMiniClusterTest.class })
+public class ServerMetadataCachingIT extends BaseTest {
+
+    private final Random RANDOM = new Random(42);
+    private final long NEVER = (long) 
ConnectionProperty.UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY.getValue("NEVER");
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static synchronized void doSetup() throws Exception {
+        Map<String, String> props = Maps.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(1);
+        props.put(REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY,
+                PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint.class.getName());
+        props.put(QueryServices.LAST_DDL_TIMESTAMP_VALIDATION_ENABLED, 
Boolean.toString(true));
+        setUpTestDriver(new ReadOnlyProps(props.entrySet().iterator()));
+    }
+
+    private void createTable(Connection conn, String tableName, long 
updateCacheFrequency) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE TABLE " + tableName
+                + "(k INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, v1 INTEGER, v2 INTEGER)"
+                + (updateCacheFrequency == 0 ? "" : 
"UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY="+updateCacheFrequency));
+    }
+
+    private void createView(Connection conn, String parentName, String 
viewName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE VIEW " + viewName + " AS SELECT 
* FROM " + parentName);
+    }
+
+    private void upsert(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException 
{
+        conn.createStatement().execute("UPSERT INTO " + tableName +
+                " (k, v1, v2) VALUES ("+  RANDOM.nextInt() +", " + 
RANDOM.nextInt() + ", " + RANDOM.nextInt() +")");
+        conn.commit();
+    }
+
+    private void query(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException {
+        ResultSet rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) 
FROM " + tableName);
+        rs.next();
+    }
+
+    private void alterTableAddColumn(Connection conn, String tableName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " ADD IF 
NOT EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    private void alterViewAddColumn(Connection conn, String viewName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER VIEW " + viewName + " ADD IF NOT 
EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Client-1 creates a table, upserts data and alters the table.
+     * Client-2 queries the table before and after the alter.
+     * Check queries work successfully in both cases and verify number of 
addTable invocations.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryWithOldDDLTimestamp() throws SQLException {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table with UCF=never and upsert data using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // select query from client-2 works to populate client side 
metadata cache
+            // there should be 1 update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // add column using client-1 to update last ddl timestamp
+            alterTableAddColumn(conn1, tableName, "newCol1");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache
+            ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
+
+            // select query from client-2 with old ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be one more update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates += 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // select query from client-2 with latest ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be no more updates to client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test DDL timestamp validation retry logic in case of any exception
+     * from Server other than StaleMetadataCacheException.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryServerSideExceptionInValidation() throws 
Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // Instrument ServerMetadataCache to throw a SQLException once
+            cache = ServerMetadataCache.getInstance(config);
+            ServerMetadataCache spyCache = Mockito.spy(cache);
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).doCallRealMethod().when(spyCache)
+                    .getLastDDLTimestampForTable(any(), any(), 
eq(Bytes.toBytes(tableName)));
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(spyCache);
+
+            // query using client-2 should succeed
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+
+            // verify live region servers were refreshed
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, 
Mockito.times(1)).refreshLiveRegionServers();
+        }
+        finally {
+            // reset cache instance so that it does not interfere with any 
other test
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(cache);

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
               ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
   ```



##########
phoenix-core/src/it/java/org/apache/phoenix/end2end/ServerMetadataCachingIT.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.phoenix.end2end;
+
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
+import org.apache.phoenix.cache.ServerMetadataCache;
+import org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint;
+import org.apache.phoenix.exception.PhoenixIOException;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.BaseTest;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.ConnectionQueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.QueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.ConnectionProperty;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.PTable;
+import org.apache.phoenix.thirdparty.com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.PropertiesUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.QueryUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.ReadOnlyProps;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.sql.Connection;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.coprocessor.CoprocessorHost.REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY;
+import static org.apache.phoenix.util.TestUtil.TEST_PROPERTIES;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
+
+@Category({NeedsOwnMiniClusterTest.class })
+public class ServerMetadataCachingIT extends BaseTest {
+
+    private final Random RANDOM = new Random(42);
+    private final long NEVER = (long) 
ConnectionProperty.UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY.getValue("NEVER");
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static synchronized void doSetup() throws Exception {
+        Map<String, String> props = Maps.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(1);
+        props.put(REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY,
+                PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint.class.getName());
+        props.put(QueryServices.LAST_DDL_TIMESTAMP_VALIDATION_ENABLED, 
Boolean.toString(true));
+        setUpTestDriver(new ReadOnlyProps(props.entrySet().iterator()));
+    }
+
+    private void createTable(Connection conn, String tableName, long 
updateCacheFrequency) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE TABLE " + tableName
+                + "(k INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, v1 INTEGER, v2 INTEGER)"
+                + (updateCacheFrequency == 0 ? "" : 
"UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY="+updateCacheFrequency));
+    }
+
+    private void createView(Connection conn, String parentName, String 
viewName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE VIEW " + viewName + " AS SELECT 
* FROM " + parentName);
+    }
+
+    private void upsert(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException 
{
+        conn.createStatement().execute("UPSERT INTO " + tableName +
+                " (k, v1, v2) VALUES ("+  RANDOM.nextInt() +", " + 
RANDOM.nextInt() + ", " + RANDOM.nextInt() +")");
+        conn.commit();
+    }
+
+    private void query(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException {
+        ResultSet rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) 
FROM " + tableName);
+        rs.next();
+    }
+
+    private void alterTableAddColumn(Connection conn, String tableName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " ADD IF 
NOT EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    private void alterViewAddColumn(Connection conn, String viewName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER VIEW " + viewName + " ADD IF NOT 
EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Client-1 creates a table, upserts data and alters the table.
+     * Client-2 queries the table before and after the alter.
+     * Check queries work successfully in both cases and verify number of 
addTable invocations.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryWithOldDDLTimestamp() throws SQLException {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table with UCF=never and upsert data using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // select query from client-2 works to populate client side 
metadata cache
+            // there should be 1 update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // add column using client-1 to update last ddl timestamp
+            alterTableAddColumn(conn1, tableName, "newCol1");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache
+            ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
+
+            // select query from client-2 with old ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be one more update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates += 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // select query from client-2 with latest ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be no more updates to client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test DDL timestamp validation retry logic in case of any exception
+     * from Server other than StaleMetadataCacheException.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryServerSideExceptionInValidation() throws 
Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // Instrument ServerMetadataCache to throw a SQLException once
+            cache = ServerMetadataCache.getInstance(config);
+            ServerMetadataCache spyCache = Mockito.spy(cache);
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).doCallRealMethod().when(spyCache)
+                    .getLastDDLTimestampForTable(any(), any(), 
eq(Bytes.toBytes(tableName)));
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(spyCache);
+
+            // query using client-2 should succeed
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+
+            // verify live region servers were refreshed
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, 
Mockito.times(1)).refreshLiveRegionServers();
+        }
+        finally {
+            // reset cache instance so that it does not interfere with any 
other test
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(cache);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test Select query with old ddl timestamp and ddl timestamp validation 
encounters an exception.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryWithOldDDLTimestampWithExceptionRetry() throws 
Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // query using client-2 to populate cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // add column using client-1 to update last ddl timestamp
+            alterTableAddColumn(conn1, tableName, "newCol1");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache
+            ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
+
+            // Instrument ServerMetadataCache to throw a SQLException once
+            cache = ServerMetadataCache.getInstance(config);
+            ServerMetadataCache spyCache = Mockito.spy(cache);
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).doCallRealMethod().when(spyCache)
+                    .getLastDDLTimestampForTable(any(), any(), 
eq(Bytes.toBytes(tableName)));
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(spyCache);
+
+            // query using client-2 should succeed, one additional cache update
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates += 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // verify live region servers were refreshed
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, 
Mockito.times(1)).refreshLiveRegionServers();
+        }
+        finally {
+            // reset cache instance so that it does not interfere with any 
other test
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(cache);

Review Comment:
   Instead of resetting cache in every test, you can create method with After 
annotation and reset it there. See 
[here](https://github.com/apache/phoenix/blob/PHOENIX-6883-feature/phoenix-core/src/test/java/org/apache/phoenix/cache/ServerMetadataCacheTest.java#L55-L58)



##########
phoenix-core/src/main/java/org/apache/phoenix/jdbc/PhoenixStatement.java:
##########
@@ -315,18 +327,91 @@ protected QueryPlan optimizeQuery(CompilableStatement 
stmt) throws SQLException
         return connection.getQueryServices().getOptimizer().optimize(this, 
plan);
     }
     
-    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger)
+    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean validateLastDdlTimestamp)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, false, 
validateLastDdlTimestamp);
     }
 
-    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit)
+    protected PhoenixResultSet executeQuery(final CompilableStatement stmt, 
final QueryLogger queryLogger, boolean noCommit, boolean 
validateLastDdlTimestamp)
             throws SQLException {
-        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit);
+        return executeQuery(stmt, true, queryLogger, noCommit, 
validateLastDdlTimestamp);
+    }
+
+    private String getInfoString(TableRef tableRef) {
+        return String.format("Tenant: %s, Schema: %s, Table: %s",
+                this.connection.getTenantId(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getSchemaName(),
+                tableRef.getTable().getTableName());
+    }
+    /**
+     * Build a request for the validateLastDDLTimestamp RPC.
+     * @param tableRef
+     * @return ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest for the table in tableRef
+     */
+    private RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest 
getValidateDDLTimestampRequest(TableRef tableRef) {
+        RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder 
requestBuilder
+                = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.ValidateLastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+        RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.Builder innerBuilder
+                = 
RegionServerEndpointProtos.LastDDLTimestampRequest.newBuilder();
+
+        byte[] tenantIDBytes = this.connection.getTenantId() == null
+                                    ? HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY
+                                    : this.connection.getTenantId().getBytes();
+        byte[] schemaBytes = tableRef.getTable().getSchemaName() == null
+                                    ? HConstants.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY
+                                    : 
tableRef.getTable().getSchemaName().getBytes();
+
+        innerBuilder.setTenantId(ByteStringer.wrap(tenantIDBytes));
+        innerBuilder.setSchemaName(ByteStringer.wrap(schemaBytes));
+        
innerBuilder.setTableName(ByteStringer.wrap(tableRef.getTable().getTableName().getBytes()));
+        
innerBuilder.setLastDDLTimestamp(tableRef.getTable().getLastDDLTimestamp());
+        requestBuilder.addLastDDLTimestampRequests(innerBuilder);
+        return  requestBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies that table metadata in client cache is up-to-date with server.
+     * A random live region server is picked for invoking the RPC to validate 
LastDDLTimestamp.
+     * Retry once if there was an error performing the RPC, otherwise throw 
the Exception.
+     * @param tableRef
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
+    private void validateLastDDLTimestamp(TableRef tableRef, boolean doRetry) 
throws SQLException {
+
+        String infoString = getInfoString(tableRef);
+        try (Admin admin = this.connection.getQueryServices().getAdmin()) {
+            // get all live region servers
+            List<ServerName> regionServers = new 
ArrayList<>(admin.getRegionServers(true));

Review Comment:
   Agreed but don't see any other way.



##########
phoenix-core/src/it/java/org/apache/phoenix/end2end/ServerMetadataCachingIT.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.phoenix.end2end;
+
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
+import org.apache.phoenix.cache.ServerMetadataCache;
+import org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint;
+import org.apache.phoenix.exception.PhoenixIOException;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.BaseTest;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.ConnectionQueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.query.QueryServices;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.ConnectionProperty;
+import org.apache.phoenix.schema.PTable;
+import org.apache.phoenix.thirdparty.com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.PropertiesUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.QueryUtil;
+import org.apache.phoenix.util.ReadOnlyProps;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import java.sql.Connection;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.coprocessor.CoprocessorHost.REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY;
+import static org.apache.phoenix.util.TestUtil.TEST_PROPERTIES;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
+
+@Category({NeedsOwnMiniClusterTest.class })
+public class ServerMetadataCachingIT extends BaseTest {
+
+    private final Random RANDOM = new Random(42);
+    private final long NEVER = (long) 
ConnectionProperty.UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY.getValue("NEVER");
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static synchronized void doSetup() throws Exception {
+        Map<String, String> props = Maps.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(1);
+        props.put(REGIONSERVER_COPROCESSOR_CONF_KEY,
+                PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint.class.getName());
+        props.put(QueryServices.LAST_DDL_TIMESTAMP_VALIDATION_ENABLED, 
Boolean.toString(true));
+        setUpTestDriver(new ReadOnlyProps(props.entrySet().iterator()));
+    }
+
+    private void createTable(Connection conn, String tableName, long 
updateCacheFrequency) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE TABLE " + tableName
+                + "(k INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, v1 INTEGER, v2 INTEGER)"
+                + (updateCacheFrequency == 0 ? "" : 
"UPDATE_CACHE_FREQUENCY="+updateCacheFrequency));
+    }
+
+    private void createView(Connection conn, String parentName, String 
viewName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("CREATE VIEW " + viewName + " AS SELECT 
* FROM " + parentName);
+    }
+
+    private void upsert(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException 
{
+        conn.createStatement().execute("UPSERT INTO " + tableName +
+                " (k, v1, v2) VALUES ("+  RANDOM.nextInt() +", " + 
RANDOM.nextInt() + ", " + RANDOM.nextInt() +")");
+        conn.commit();
+    }
+
+    private void query(Connection conn, String tableName) throws SQLException {
+        ResultSet rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) 
FROM " + tableName);
+        rs.next();
+    }
+
+    private void alterTableAddColumn(Connection conn, String tableName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER TABLE " + tableName + " ADD IF 
NOT EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    private void alterViewAddColumn(Connection conn, String viewName, String 
columnName) throws SQLException {
+        conn.createStatement().execute("ALTER VIEW " + viewName + " ADD IF NOT 
EXISTS "
+                + columnName + " INTEGER");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Client-1 creates a table, upserts data and alters the table.
+     * Client-2 queries the table before and after the alter.
+     * Check queries work successfully in both cases and verify number of 
addTable invocations.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryWithOldDDLTimestamp() throws SQLException {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table with UCF=never and upsert data using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // select query from client-2 works to populate client side 
metadata cache
+            // there should be 1 update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // add column using client-1 to update last ddl timestamp
+            alterTableAddColumn(conn1, tableName, "newCol1");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache
+            ServerMetadataCache.resetCache();
+
+            // select query from client-2 with old ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be one more update to the client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates += 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // select query from client-2 with latest ddl timestamp works
+            // there should be no more updates to client cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test DDL timestamp validation retry logic in case of any exception
+     * from Server other than StaleMetadataCacheException.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryServerSideExceptionInValidation() throws 
Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // Instrument ServerMetadataCache to throw a SQLException once
+            cache = ServerMetadataCache.getInstance(config);
+            ServerMetadataCache spyCache = Mockito.spy(cache);
+            Mockito.doThrow(new 
SQLException("FAIL")).doCallRealMethod().when(spyCache)
+                    .getLastDDLTimestampForTable(any(), any(), 
eq(Bytes.toBytes(tableName)));
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(spyCache);
+
+            // query using client-2 should succeed
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+
+            // verify live region servers were refreshed
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, 
Mockito.times(1)).refreshLiveRegionServers();
+        }
+        finally {
+            // reset cache instance so that it does not interfere with any 
other test
+            ServerMetadataCache.setInstance(cache);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test Select query with old ddl timestamp and ddl timestamp validation 
encounters an exception.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSelectQueryWithOldDDLTimestampWithExceptionRetry() throws 
Exception {
+        Properties props = PropertiesUtil.deepCopy(TEST_PROPERTIES);
+        String url1 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client1");
+        String url2 = QueryUtil.getConnectionUrl(props, config, "client2");
+        String tableName = generateUniqueName();
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs1 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url1, props));
+        ConnectionQueryServices spyCqs2 = 
Mockito.spy(driver.getConnectionQueryServices(url2, props));
+        int expectedNumCacheUpdates;
+        ServerMetadataCache cache = null;
+
+        try (Connection conn1 = spyCqs1.connect(url1, props);
+             Connection conn2 = spyCqs2.connect(url2, props)) {
+
+            // create table and upsert using client-1
+            createTable(conn1, tableName, NEVER);
+            upsert(conn1, tableName);
+
+            // query using client-2 to populate cache
+            query(conn2, tableName);
+            expectedNumCacheUpdates = 1;
+            Mockito.verify(spyCqs2, Mockito.times(expectedNumCacheUpdates))
+                    .addTable(any(PTable.class), anyLong());
+
+            // add column using client-1 to update last ddl timestamp
+            alterTableAddColumn(conn1, tableName, "newCol1");
+
+            // invalidate region server cache

Review Comment:
   Ideally you don't need to call `resetCache` here since we should invalidate 
the cache if we run any DDL statements. Can you add TODO statement to remove 
this call once 
[PHOENIX-6968](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PHOENIX-6968) is committed.





> Create a new RPC to validate last ddl timestamp for read requests.
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: PHOENIX-7025
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PHOENIX-7025
>             Project: Phoenix
>          Issue Type: Sub-task
>            Reporter: Rushabh Shah
>            Assignee: Palash Chauhan
>            Priority: Major
>
> Introduce a new RPC request from phoenix client to any region server via 
> PhoenixRegionServerEndpoint#validateLastDDLTimestamp. Since the last ddl 
> timestamp cache is maintained by all the regionservers, you can choose any 
> regionserver randomly. In future, we can make this rpc more resilient by 
> sending this rpc to multiple regionservers simultaneously.
> If phoenix client throws StaleMetadataCacheException then invalidate the 
> cache on the client side and retry executeQuery method while fetching the 
> updated metadata from SYSCAT regionserver.



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