dimas-b commented on code in PR #3113:
URL: https://github.com/apache/polaris/pull/3113#discussion_r2557376819


##########
polaris-core/src/main/java/org/apache/polaris/core/storage/azure/AzureCredentialsStorageIntegration.java:
##########
@@ -312,16 +318,103 @@ private void validateAccountAndContainer(
         });
   }
 
-  private AccessToken getAccessToken(String tenantId) {
+  /**
+   * Fetches an Azure AD access token with timeout and retry logic to handle 
transient failures.
+   *
+   * <p>This access token is used internally to obtain a user delegation key 
from Azure Storage,
+   * which is then used to generate SAS tokens for client credential vending.
+   *
+   * <p>This method implements a defensive strategy against slow or failing 
cloud provider requests:
+   *
+   * <ul>
+   *   <li>Per-attempt timeout (configurable via CLOUD_API_TIMEOUT_SECONDS, 
default 15s)
+   *   <li>Exponential backoff retry (configurable count and initial delay via 
CLOUD_API_RETRY_COUNT
+   *       and CLOUD_API_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS, defaults: 3 attempts starting at 
2s)
+   *   <li>Jitter to prevent thundering herd (configurable via 
CLOUD_API_RETRY_JITTER_MILLIS, default 500ms)
+   * </ul>
+   *
+   * @param realmConfig the realm configuration to get timeout and retry 
settings
+   * @param tenantId the Azure tenant ID
+   * @return the access token
+   * @throws RuntimeException if token fetch fails after all retries or times 
out
+   */
+  private AccessToken getAccessToken(RealmConfig realmConfig, String tenantId) 
{
+    int timeoutSeconds = realmConfig.getConfig(CLOUD_API_TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
+    int retryCount = realmConfig.getConfig(CLOUD_API_RETRY_COUNT);
+    int initialDelaySeconds = 
realmConfig.getConfig(CLOUD_API_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS);

Review Comment:
   Would you mind using millis for `initialDelaySeconds`... in some cases even 
1 sec may be too long. Let's delegate what the min delay should be to the admin 
user who configures it. 
   
   Same for `timeoutSeconds`... I hope Azure SDK supports millis.



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