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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-2335?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=12850174#action_12850174
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Toke Eskildsen commented on LUCENE-2335:
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The exposed DirectoryReader is now implemented and the timing does not look 
horrible. Stepping through ordered terms for a DirectoryReader to build the 
structure needed for sorting is a bit faster than the sum of sorting the 
individual segments. That's not quite good enough, but there is still room for 
a clever read-ahead cache to make iteration more sequential at the 
SegmentReader-level.

To give a ball-park figure: Something like 1 minute / 1 million terms for 
segment-level sorting, which is re-used for non-changed segments on re-open. 
Then something like half that time for directory-level merging, which must be 
done fully at re-open.

There's no easy to use plug-in replacement yet (and it seems hard to do anyway, 
as the sorter gets the readers one at a time) and the code at github is in 
shambles, so no patch either. Sorry. I expect to get back to hacking in a week.

> optimization: when sorting by field, if index has one segment and field 
> values are not needed, do not load String[] into field cache
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: LUCENE-2335
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-2335
>             Project: Lucene - Java
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: Search
>            Reporter: Michael McCandless
>            Priority: Minor
>             Fix For: 3.1
>
>
> Spinoff from java-dev thread "Sorting with little memory: A suggestion", 
> started by Toke Eskildsen.
> When sorting by SortField.STRING we currently ask FieldCache for a 
> StringIndex on that field.
> This can consumes tons of RAM, when the values are mostly unique (eg a title 
> field), as it populates both int[] ords as well as String[] values.
> But, if the index is only one segment, and the search sets fillFields=false, 
> we don't need the String[] values, just the int[] ords.  If the app needs to 
> show the fields it can pull them (for the 1 page) from stored fields.
> This can be a potent optimization -- alot of RAM saved -- for optimized 
> indexes.
> When fixing this we must take care to share the int[] ords if some queries do 
> fillFields=true and some =false... ie, FieldCache will be called twice and it 
> should share the int[] ords across those invocations.

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