Copilot commented on code in PR #22552:
URL: https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/22552#discussion_r3412900210


##########
group-coordinator/group-coordinator-api/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/coordinator/group/api/streams/StreamsGroupTopologyDescription.java:
##########
@@ -58,24 +59,24 @@ public sealed interface Node {
     public record Source(String name, Set<String> topics, Set<String> 
successors) implements Node {
         public Source {
             Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
-            topics = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(topics, "topics"));
-            successors = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, 
"successors"));
+            topics = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(topics, "topics"));
+            successors = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, "successors"));
         }
     }
 
     public record Processor(String name, Set<String> stores, Set<String> 
successors) implements Node {
         public Processor {
             Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
-            stores = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(stores, "stores"));
-            successors = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, 
"successors"));
+            stores = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(stores, "stores"));
+            successors = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, "successors"));
         }

Review Comment:
   `Collections.unmodifiableSet(...)` does not defensively copy the provided 
set; external mutation of the original set after construction will mutate this 
record’s state. Consider copying into a `LinkedHashSet` first to preserve 
insertion order while keeping immutability guarantees.



##########
group-coordinator/group-coordinator-api/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/coordinator/group/api/streams/StreamsGroupTopologyDescription.java:
##########
@@ -58,24 +59,24 @@ public sealed interface Node {
     public record Source(String name, Set<String> topics, Set<String> 
successors) implements Node {
         public Source {
             Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
-            topics = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(topics, "topics"));
-            successors = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, 
"successors"));
+            topics = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(topics, "topics"));
+            successors = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, "successors"));
         }

Review Comment:
   `Collections.unmodifiableSet(...)` wraps the provided set without copying 
it, so callers can still mutate the underlying collection through an external 
reference after construction. That can change this record’s observable state 
(and its equals/hashCode) after creation. To preserve insertion order *and* 
keep defensive copying, wrap a fresh `LinkedHashSet` before making it 
unmodifiable.



##########
group-coordinator/group-coordinator-api/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/coordinator/group/api/streams/StreamsGroupTopologyDescription.java:
##########
@@ -58,24 +59,24 @@ public sealed interface Node {
     public record Source(String name, Set<String> topics, Set<String> 
successors) implements Node {
         public Source {
             Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
-            topics = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(topics, "topics"));
-            successors = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, 
"successors"));
+            topics = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(topics, "topics"));
+            successors = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, "successors"));
         }
     }
 
     public record Processor(String name, Set<String> stores, Set<String> 
successors) implements Node {
         public Processor {
             Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
-            stores = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(stores, "stores"));
-            successors = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, 
"successors"));
+            stores = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(stores, "stores"));
+            successors = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, "successors"));
         }
     }
 
     public record Sink(String name, Optional<String> topic, Set<String> 
successors) implements Node {
         public Sink {
             Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
             Objects.requireNonNull(topic, "topic");
-            successors = Set.copyOf(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, 
"successors"));
+            successors = 
Collections.unmodifiableSet(Objects.requireNonNull(successors, "successors"));
         }

Review Comment:
   Like the other node types, `Collections.unmodifiableSet(...)` does not copy 
the provided set, so mutating the original `successors` set after construction 
will mutate this record’s state. Copy into a `LinkedHashSet` before wrapping to 
preserve order and immutability.



##########
group-coordinator/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/coordinator/group/streams/TopologyDescriptionManager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.streams;
+
+import org.apache.kafka.common.TopicPartition;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.StreamsGroupHeartbeatResponseData;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.common.message.StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateRequestData;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.common.message.StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.protocol.Errors;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.StreamsGroupHeartbeatResponse.Status;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Time;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.common.runtime.CoordinatorRecord;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.common.runtime.CoordinatorRuntime;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.GroupCoordinatorShard;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.api.streams.StreamsGroupTopologyDescription;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.api.streams.StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionPlugin;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.api.streams.StreamsTopologyDescriptionPermanentFailureException;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+/**
+ * Broker-level component that owns everything tied to the streams-group 
topology
+ * description plugin: the configured plugin reference, the per-group
+ * re-solicitation back-off, and the entry points the group coordinator calls 
into —
+ * heartbeat post-processing and the push RPC. The {@code DeleteGroups} hook 
lands in
+ * a follow-up sub-task.
+ *
+ * <p>This class is broker-level (one instance per {@code 
GroupCoordinatorService}); the
+ * back-off map is keyed by {@code groupId} and shared across all partitions 
hosted on the
+ * broker. State here is intentionally non-timeline and non-replayed: it is 
rebuilt from
+ * scratch on broker restart, and the persisted {@code 
StoredDescriptionTopologyEpoch} /
+ * {@code FailedDescriptionTopologyEpoch} fields on each streams group drive
+ * convergence after a restart.
+ *
+ * <p>Methods that schedule runtime operations require a partition resolver 
supplied by
+ * the caller (typically {@code GroupCoordinatorService::topicPartitionFor}) 
so this
+ * class can stay decoupled from the offsets-topic partition layout.
+ */
+public class TopologyDescriptionManager {
+    private final Optional<StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionPlugin> plugin;
+    private final StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionBackoff backoff;
+    private final CoordinatorRuntime<GroupCoordinatorShard, CoordinatorRecord> 
runtime;
+    private final Function<String, TopicPartition> topicPartitionFor;
+
+    public TopologyDescriptionManager(
+        Optional<StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionPlugin> plugin,
+        CoordinatorRuntime<GroupCoordinatorShard, CoordinatorRecord> runtime,
+        Function<String, TopicPartition> topicPartitionFor,
+        Time time
+    ) {
+        this.plugin = plugin;
+        this.runtime = runtime;
+        this.topicPartitionFor = topicPartitionFor;
+        this.backoff = new StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionBackoff(time);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return true if a topology description plugin is configured on this 
broker.
+     */
+    public boolean isPluginConfigured() {
+        return plugin.isPresent();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Post-processes a successful streams group heartbeat result by deciding 
whether the
+     * broker should set {@code TopologyDescriptionRequired=true} on the 
response, and
+     * arming the per-group back-off when it does.
+     *
+     * <p>The flag is set when the topology description plugin is configured, 
the group
+     * has resolved to a topology epoch, that epoch is neither stored nor 
permanently
+     * failed at the plugin, no back-off is in effect for this epoch, and the 
response
+     * does not carry a {@code STALE_TOPOLOGY} status (the member would just 
be told to
+     * catch up first). When the response already carries an error code we 
leave it
+     * alone.
+     */
+    public StreamsGroupHeartbeatResult maybeSetTopologyDescriptionRequired(
+        StreamsGroupHeartbeatResult result,
+        String groupId
+    ) {
+        if (plugin.isEmpty()) {
+            return result;
+        }
+        StreamsGroupHeartbeatResponseData response = result.data();
+        if (response.errorCode() != Errors.NONE.code()) {
+            return result;
+        }
+        int currentEpoch = result.currentTopologyEpoch();
+        if (currentEpoch < 0
+            || result.storedDescriptionTopologyEpoch() == currentEpoch
+            || result.failedDescriptionTopologyEpoch() == currentEpoch
+            || responseHasStaleTopology(response)) {
+            return result;
+        }
+        // Atomic check-and-arm: only set the flag if the back-off window is 
not already
+        // in effect for this epoch, so two concurrent heartbeats for the same 
group cannot
+        // both arm the back-off and double the window beyond its intended 
length.
+        if (backoff.armIfNotActive(groupId, currentEpoch)) {
+            response.setTopologyDescriptionRequired(true);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reject the request synchronously when no plugin is configured or the 
request fails
+     * basic structural validation. Returns the response to send back to the 
client, or
+     * empty when the request is accepted for further processing. The caller 
is expected
+     * to have already short-circuited on a non-active coordinator.
+     */
+    public Optional<StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateResponseData> 
preCheckTopologyDescriptionUpdate(
+        StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateRequestData request
+    ) {
+        if (plugin.isEmpty()) {
+            return Optional.of(errorResponse(
+                Errors.UNSUPPORTED_VERSION,
+                "The broker has no streams group topology description plugin 
configured."
+            ));
+        }
+        if (request.memberId() == null || request.memberId().isEmpty()) {
+            return Optional.of(errorResponse(Errors.INVALID_REQUEST, "MemberId 
can't be empty."));
+        }
+        if (request.groupId() == null || request.groupId().isEmpty()) {
+            return Optional.of(errorResponse(Errors.INVALID_REQUEST, "GroupId 
can't be empty."));
+        }
+        if (request.topologyDescription() == null) {
+            return Optional.of(errorResponse(Errors.INVALID_REQUEST, 
"TopologyDescription can't be null."));
+        }
+        return Optional.empty();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Drive the push chain: validate the (group, member), convert the wire 
payload, call
+     * the plugin, persist the outcome, and centralize back-off state 
mutations in a
+     * single {@code whenComplete}.
+     *
+     * <p>The chain carries the terminal disposition through an {@link 
AtomicReference}
+     * holder so {@code whenComplete} can act on it without having to reason 
about the
+     * response shape. Default is {@link BackoffAction#ARM}; any post-plugin 
failure
+     * (including a metadata-record write that fails after a successful plugin 
call)
+     * therefore re-arms the back-off and the next heartbeat re-solicits an 
idempotent
+     * re-push.
+     */
+    public 
CompletableFuture<StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateResponseData> 
handleSetTopology(
+        StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateRequestData request
+    ) {
+        final String groupId = request.groupId();
+        final String memberId = request.memberId();
+        final int pushedEpoch = request.topologyEpoch();
+        final TopicPartition tp = topicPartitionFor.apply(groupId);
+        final StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionPlugin p = plugin.get();
+
+        final AtomicReference<BackoffAction> backoffAction = new 
AtomicReference<>(BackoffAction.ARM);
+        return runtime.scheduleReadOperation(
+                "streams-group-topology-description-validate",
+                tp,
+                (coordinator, lastCommittedOffset) -> {
+                    coordinator.validateStreamsGroupMember(groupId, memberId, 
lastCommittedOffset);
+                    return null;
+                })
+            .thenApply(__ -> 
StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionConverter.fromRequest(request.topologyDescription()))
+            .thenCompose(description -> invokePluginSetTopology(p, groupId, 
pushedEpoch, description))
+            .thenCompose(pluginOutcome -> switch (pluginOutcome.kind()) {
+                case SUCCESS -> runtime.scheduleWriteOperation(
+                    "streams-group-set-stored-topology-epoch",
+                    tp,
+                    coordinator -> 
coordinator.streamsGroupSetTopologyDescriptionEpoch(groupId, pushedEpoch, false)
+                ).thenApply(unused -> {
+                    backoffAction.set(BackoffAction.CLEAR);
+                    return new 
StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateResponseData();
+                });
+                case PERMANENT -> runtime.scheduleWriteOperation(
+                    "streams-group-set-failed-topology-epoch",
+                    tp,
+                    coordinator -> 
coordinator.streamsGroupSetTopologyDescriptionEpoch(groupId, pushedEpoch, true)
+                ).thenApply(unused -> {
+                    backoffAction.set(BackoffAction.CLEAR);
+                    return errorResponse(
+                        Errors.STREAMS_TOPOLOGY_DESCRIPTION_UPDATE_FAILED, 
pluginOutcome.message());
+                });
+                case TRANSIENT -> 
CompletableFuture.completedFuture(errorResponse(
+                    Errors.STREAMS_TOPOLOGY_DESCRIPTION_UPDATE_FAILED, 
pluginOutcome.message()));
+            })
+            .whenComplete((response, throwable) -> {
+                if (backoffAction.get() == BackoffAction.CLEAR) {
+                    backoff.clear(groupId);
+                } else {
+                    backoff.armOrExtend(groupId, pushedEpoch);
+                }
+            });
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing.
+    StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionBackoff backoff() {
+        return backoff;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean 
responseHasStaleTopology(StreamsGroupHeartbeatResponseData response) {
+        if (response.status() == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        byte staleCode = Status.STALE_TOPOLOGY.code();
+        return response.status().stream().anyMatch(s -> s.statusCode() == 
staleCode);
+    }
+
+    private static StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateResponseData 
errorResponse(
+        Errors error,
+        String message
+    ) {
+        return new StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionUpdateResponseData()
+            .setErrorCode(error.code())
+            .setErrorMessage(message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calls the plugin's {@code setTopology} and folds the result into a 
{@link PluginOutcome}.
+     * The future never completes exceptionally — the outcome carries the 
failure category.
+     */
+    private static CompletableFuture<PluginOutcome> invokePluginSetTopology(
+        StreamsGroupTopologyDescriptionPlugin plugin,
+        String groupId,
+        int pushedEpoch,
+        StreamsGroupTopologyDescription description
+    ) {
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> pluginFuture;
+        try {
+            pluginFuture = plugin.setTopology(groupId, pushedEpoch, 
description);
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            // A synchronous throw from the plugin is treated as a permanent 
failure with a
+            // generic client-visible message.
+            return 
CompletableFuture.completedFuture(PluginOutcome.permanent(t.getMessage()));
+        }

Review Comment:
   The comment says a synchronous throw is mapped to a "generic client-visible 
message", but the code currently forwards `t.getMessage()` (which can be null 
and may leak internal details). Either update the comment or return a stable 
generic message here.



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