On Jul 19, 2005, at 12:49 PM, Miguel wrote:


Hi all,

Where can I find the list of atomic radii that Jmol uses to render
atoms in spacefilll?

In the source code it is in source code org/jmol/viewer/Constants.java

I put all the tables at the bottom of this message.

OK - excellent, thanks.


The underlying question is whether a K+ ion in a crystal structure is
rendered in Jmol (by default) with its uncharged radius or its ionic
radius, and secondarily, if the radius is *not* the ionic radius, how
can I direct Jmol to use the ionic radius?

As I recall, there are three radii involved.

vanderwaals - covalent bonding - ionic bonding

vanderwaals is the default used for spacefill display. When you specify a
percentage you are specifying a percentage of the vdw radius.

covalent bonding and ionic bonding are used to determine bonding radius
during the 'autobonding' process. If a charge is specified and the charge
exists for the element type in the ionic bonding tables then the
associated bonding radius is used. Otherwise, the covalent bonding radius
is used.

One can render the atoms using ionic radii with the command

  spacefill ionic

Let me know if this works for you and/or if you need something else.


This works beautifully- thanks very much.

Frieda


Miguel


Please note that there may be errors in the tables. People have complained in the past that some things are too big/small ... but noone wants to take
the time to verify the tables.


  /**
   * Default table of van der Waals Radii.
   * values are stored as MAR -- Milli Angstrom Radius
   * Used for spacefill rendering of atoms.
   * Values taken from OpenBabel.
   * @see <a
href="http://openbabel.sourceforge.net";>openbabel.sourceforge.net</a>
   */
  public final static short[] vanderwaalsMars = {
    1000, //   0  Xx big enough to see
    1200, //   1  H
    1400, //   2  He
    1820, //   3  Li
    1700, //   4  Be
    2080, //   5  B
    1950, //   6  C
    1850, //   7  N
    1700, //   8  O
    1730, //   9  F
    1540, //  10  Ne
    2270, //  11  Na
    1730, //  12  Mg
    2050, //  13  Al
    2100, //  14  Si
    2080, //  15  P
    2000, //  16  S
    1970, //  17  Cl
    1880, //  18  Ar
    2750, //  19  K
    1973, //  20  Ca
    1700, //  21  Sc
    1700, //  22  Ti
    1700, //  23  V
    1700, //  24  Cr
    1700, //  25  Mn
    1700, //  26  Fe
    1700, //  27  Co
    1630, //  28  Ni
    1400, //  29  Cu
    1390, //  30  Zn
    1870, //  31  Ga
    1700, //  32  Ge
    1850, //  33  As
    1900, //  34  Se
    2100, //  35  Br
    2020, //  36  Kr
    1700, //  37  Rb
    1700, //  38  Sr
    1700, //  39  Y
    1700, //  40  Zr
    1700, //  41  Nb
    1700, //  42  Mo
    1700, //  43  Tc
    1700, //  44  Ru
    1700, //  45  Rh
    1630, //  46  Pd
    1720, //  47  Ag
    1580, //  48  Cd
    1930, //  49  In
    2170, //  50  Sn
    2200, //  51  Sb
    2060, //  52  Te
    2150, //  53  I
    2160, //  54  Xe
    1700, //  55  Cs
    1700, //  56  Ba
    1700, //  57  La
    1700, //  58  Ce
    1700, //  59  Pr
    1700, //  60  Nd
    1700, //  61  Pm
    1700, //  62  Sm
    1700, //  63  Eu
    1700, //  64  Gd
    1700, //  65  Tb
    1700, //  66  Dy
    1700, //  67  Ho
    1700, //  68  Er
    1700, //  69  Tm
    1700, //  70  Yb
    1700, //  71  Lu
    1700, //  72  Hf
    1700, //  73  Ta
    1700, //  74  W
    1700, //  75  Re
    1700, //  76  Os
    1700, //  77  Ir
    1720, //  78  Pt
    1660, //  79  Au
    1550, //  80  Hg
    1960, //  81  Tl
    2020, //  82  Pb
    1700, //  83  Bi
    1700, //  84  Po
    1700, //  85  At
    1700, //  86  Rn
    1700, //  87  Fr
    1700, //  88  Ra
    1700, //  89  Ac
    1700, //  90  Th
    1700, //  91  Pa
    1860, //  92  U
    1700, //  93  Np
    1700, //  94  Pu
    1700, //  95  Am
    1700, //  96  Cm
    1700, //  97  Bk
    1700, //  98  Cf
    1700, //  99  Es
    1700, // 100  Fm
    1700, // 101  Md
    1700, // 102  No
    1700, // 103  Lr
    1700, // 104  Rf
    1700, // 105  Db
    1700, // 106  Sg
    1700, // 107  Bh
    1700, // 108  Hs
    1700, // 109  Mt
  };

  /**
   * Default table of covalent Radii
   * stored as a short mar ... Milli Angstrom Radius
   * Values taken from OpenBabel.
   * @see <a
href="http://openbabel.sourceforge.net";>openbabel.sourceforge.net</a>
   */
  private final static short[] covalentMars = {
    0,    //   0  Xx does not bond
    230,  //   1  H
    930,  //   2  He
    680,  //   3  Li
    350,  //   4  Be
    830,  //   5  B
    680,  //   6  C
    680,  //   7  N
    680,  //   8  O
    640,  //   9  F
    1120, //  10  Ne
    970,  //  11  Na
    1100, //  12  Mg
    1350, //  13  Al
    1200, //  14  Si
    750,  //  15  P
    1020, //  16  S
    990,  //  17  Cl
    1570, //  18  Ar
    1330, //  19  K
    990,  //  20  Ca
    1440, //  21  Sc
    1470, //  22  Ti
    1330, //  23  V
    1350, //  24  Cr
    1350, //  25  Mn
    1340, //  26  Fe
    1330, //  27  Co
    1500, //  28  Ni
    1520, //  29  Cu
    1450, //  30  Zn
    1220, //  31  Ga
    1170, //  32  Ge
    1210, //  33  As
    1220, //  34  Se
    1210, //  35  Br
    1910, //  36  Kr
    1470, //  37  Rb
    1120, //  38  Sr
    1780, //  39  Y
    1560, //  40  Zr
    1480, //  41  Nb
    1470, //  42  Mo
    1350, //  43  Tc
    1400, //  44  Ru
    1450, //  45  Rh
    1500, //  46  Pd
    1590, //  47  Ag
    1690, //  48  Cd
    1630, //  49  In
    1460, //  50  Sn
    1460, //  51  Sb
    1470, //  52  Te
    1400, //  53  I
    1980, //  54  Xe
    1670, //  55  Cs
    1340, //  56  Ba
    1870, //  57  La
    1830, //  58  Ce
    1820, //  59  Pr
    1810, //  60  Nd
    1800, //  61  Pm
    1800, //  62  Sm
    1990, //  63  Eu
    1790, //  64  Gd
    1760, //  65  Tb
    1750, //  66  Dy
    1740, //  67  Ho
    1730, //  68  Er
    1720, //  69  Tm
    1940, //  70  Yb
    1720, //  71  Lu
    1570, //  72  Hf
    1430, //  73  Ta
    1370, //  74  W
    1350, //  75  Re
    1370, //  76  Os
    1320, //  77  Ir
    1500, //  78  Pt
    1500, //  79  Au
    1700, //  80  Hg
    1550, //  81  Tl
    1540, //  82  Pb
    1540, //  83  Bi
    1680, //  84  Po
    1700, //  85  At
    2400, //  86  Rn
    2000, //  87  Fr
    1900, //  88  Ra
    1880, //  89  Ac
    1790, //  90  Th
    1610, //  91  Pa
    1580, //  92  U
    1550, //  93  Np
    1530, //  94  Pu
    1510, //  95  Am
    1500, //  96  Cm
    1500, //  97  Bk
    1500, //  98  Cf
    1500, //  99  Es
    1500, // 100  Fm
    1500, // 101  Md
    1500, // 102  No
    1500, // 103  Lr
    1600, // 104  Rf
    1600, // 105  Db
    1600, // 106  Sg
    1600, // 107  Bh
    1600, // 108  Hs
    1600, // 109  Mt
  };

  /****************************************************************
   * ionic radii are looked up using a pair of parallel arrays
   * the ionicLookupTable contains both the elementNumber
   * and the ionization value, represented as follows:
   *   (elementNumber << 4) + (ionizationValue + 4)
   * if you don't understand this representation, don't worry about
   * the binary shifting and stuff. It is just a sorted list
   * of keys
   *
   * the values are stored in the ionicMars table
   * these two arrays are parallel
   *
   * This data is from
   *  Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 48th Ed, 1967-8, p. F143
   *  (scanned for Jmol by Phillip Barak, Jan 2004)
   ****************************************************************/

  public final static int FORMAL_CHARGE_MIN = -4;
  public final static int FORMAL_CHARGE_MAX = 7;
  public final static short[] ionicLookupTable = {
    (1 << 4) + (-1 + 4),  // 1,-1,1.54,"H"
    (3 << 4) + (1 + 4),   // 3,1,0.68,"Li"
    (4 << 4) + (1 + 4),   // 4,1,0.44,"Be"
    (4 << 4) + (2 + 4),   // 4,2,0.35,"Be"
    (5 << 4) + (1 + 4),   // 5,1,0.35,"B"
    (5 << 4) + (3 + 4),   // 5,3,0.23,"B"
    (6 << 4) + (-4 + 4),  // 6,-4,2.6,"C"
    (6 << 4) + (4 + 4),   // 6,4,0.16,"C"
    (7 << 4) + (-3 + 4),  // 7,-3,1.71,"N"
    (7 << 4) + (1 + 4),   // 7,1,0.25,"N"
    (7 << 4) + (3 + 4),   // 7,3,0.16,"N"
    (7 << 4) + (5 + 4),   // 7,5,0.13,"N"
    (8 << 4) + (-2 + 4),  // 8,-2,1.32,"O"
    (8 << 4) + (-1 + 4),  // 8,-1,1.76,"O"
    (8 << 4) + (1 + 4),   // 8,1,0.22,"O"
    (8 << 4) + (6 + 4),   // 8,6,0.09,"O"
    (9 << 4) + (-1 + 4),  // 9,-1,1.33,"F"
    (9 << 4) + (7 + 4),   // 9,7,0.08,"F"
    (10 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 10,1,1.12,"Ne"
    (11 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 11,1,0.97,"Na"
    (12 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 12,1,0.82,"Mg"
    (12 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 12,2,0.66,"Mg"
    (13 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 13,3,0.51,"Al"
    (14 << 4) + (-4 + 4), // 14,-4,2.71,"Si"
    (14 << 4) + (-1 + 4), // 14,-1,3.84,"Si"
    (14 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 14,1,0.65,"Si"
    (14 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 14,4,0.42,"Si"
    (15 << 4) + (-3 + 4), // 15,-3,2.12,"P"
    (15 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 15,3,0.44,"P"
    (15 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 15,5,0.35,"P"
    (16 << 4) + (-2 + 4), // 16,-2,1.84,"S"
    (16 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 16,2,2.19,"S"
    (16 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 16,4,0.37,"S"
    (16 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 16,6,0.3,"S"
    (17 << 4) + (-1 + 4), // 17,-1,1.81,"Cl"
    (17 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 17,5,0.34,"Cl"
    (17 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 17,7,0.27,"Cl"
    (18 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 18,1,1.54,"Ar"
    (19 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 19,1,1.33,"K"
    (20 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 20,1,1.18,"Ca"
    (20 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 20,2,0.99,"Ca"
    (21 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 21,3,0.732,"Sc"
    (22 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 22,1,0.96,"Ti"
    (22 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 22,2,0.94,"Ti"
    (22 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 22,3,0.76,"Ti"
    (22 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 22,4,0.68,"Ti"
    (23 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 23,2,0.88,"V"
    (23 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 23,3,0.74,"V"
    (23 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 23,4,0.63,"V"
    (23 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 23,5,0.59,"V"
    (24 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 24,1,0.81,"Cr"
    (24 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 24,2,0.89,"Cr"
    (24 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 24,3,0.63,"Cr"
    (24 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 24,6,0.52,"Cr"
    (25 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 25,2,0.8,"Mn"
    (25 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 25,3,0.66,"Mn"
    (25 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 25,4,0.6,"Mn"
    (25 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 25,7,0.46,"Mn"
    (26 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 26,2,0.74,"Fe"
    (26 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 26,3,0.64,"Fe"
    (27 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 27,2,0.72,"Co"
    (27 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 27,3,0.63,"Co"
    (28 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 28,2,0.69,"Ni"
    (29 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 29,1,0.96,"Cu"
    (29 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 29,2,0.72,"Cu"
    (30 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 30,1,0.88,"Zn"
    (30 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 30,2,0.74,"Zn"
    (31 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 31,1,0.81,"Ga"
    (31 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 31,3,0.62,"Ga"
    (32 << 4) + (-4 + 4), // 32,-4,2.72,"Ge"
    (32 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 32,2,0.73,"Ge"
    (32 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 32,4,0.53,"Ge"
    (33 << 4) + (-3 + 4), // 33,-3,2.22,"As"
    (33 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 33,3,0.58,"As"
    (33 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 33,5,0.46,"As"
    (34 << 4) + (-2 + 4), // 34,-2,1.91,"Se"
    (34 << 4) + (-1 + 4), // 34,-1,2.32,"Se"
    (34 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 34,1,0.66,"Se"
    (34 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 34,4,0.5,"Se"
    (34 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 34,6,0.42,"Se"
    (35 << 4) + (-1 + 4), // 35,-1,1.96,"Br"
    (35 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 35,5,0.47,"Br"
    (35 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 35,7,0.39,"Br"
    (37 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 37,1,1.47,"Rb"
    (38 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 38,2,1.12,"Sr"
    (39 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 39,3,0.893,"Y"
    (40 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 40,1,1.09,"Zr"
    (40 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 40,4,0.79,"Zr"
    (41 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 41,1,1,"Nb"
    (41 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 41,4,0.74,"Nb"
    (41 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 41,5,0.69,"Nb"
    (42 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 42,1,0.93,"Mo"
    (42 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 42,4,0.7,"Mo"
    (42 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 42,6,0.62,"Mo"
    (43 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 43,7,0.979,"Tc"
    (44 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 44,4,0.67,"Ru"
    (45 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 45,3,0.68,"Rh"
    (46 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 46,2,0.8,"Pd"
    (46 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 46,4,0.65,"Pd"
    (47 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 47,1,1.26,"Ag"
    (47 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 47,2,0.89,"Ag"
    (48 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 48,1,1.14,"Cd"
    (48 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 48,2,0.97,"Cd"
    (49 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 49,3,0.81,"In"
    (50 << 4) + (-4 + 4), // 50,-4,2.94,"Sn"
    (50 << 4) + (-1 + 4), // 50,-1,3.7,"Sn"
    (50 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 50,2,0.93,"Sn"
    (50 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 50,4,0.71,"Sn"
    (51 << 4) + (-3 + 4), // 51,-3,2.45,"Sb"
    (51 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 51,3,0.76,"Sb"
    (51 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 51,5,0.62,"Sb"
    (52 << 4) + (-2 + 4), // 52,-2,2.11,"Te"
    (52 << 4) + (-1 + 4), // 52,-1,2.5,"Te"
    (52 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 52,1,0.82,"Te"
    (52 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 52,4,0.7,"Te"
    (52 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 52,6,0.56,"Te"
    (53 << 4) + (-1 + 4), // 53,-1,2.2,"I"
    (53 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 53,5,0.62,"I"
    (53 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 53,7,0.5,"I"
    (55 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 55,1,1.67,"Cs"
    (56 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 56,1,1.53,"Ba"
    (56 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 56,2,1.34,"Ba"
    (57 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 57,1,1.39,"La"
    (57 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 57,3,1.016,"La"
    (58 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 58,1,1.27,"Ce"
    (58 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 58,3,1.034,"Ce"
    (58 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 58,4,0.92,"Ce"
    (59 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 59,3,1.013,"Pr"
    (59 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 59,4,0.9,"Pr"
    (60 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 60,3,0.995,"Nd"
    (61 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 61,3,0.979,"Pm"
    (62 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 62,3,0.964,"Sm"
    (63 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 63,2,1.09,"Eu"
    (63 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 63,3,0.95,"Eu"
    (64 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 64,3,0.938,"Gd"
    (65 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 65,3,0.923,"Tb"
    (65 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 65,4,0.84,"Tb"
    (66 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 66,3,0.908,"Dy"
    (67 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 67,3,0.894,"Ho"
    (68 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 68,3,0.881,"Er"
    (69 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 69,3,0.87,"Tm"
    (70 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 70,2,0.93,"Yb"
    (70 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 70,3,0.858,"Yb"
    (71 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 71,3,0.85,"Lu"
    (72 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 72,4,0.78,"Hf"
    (73 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 73,5,0.68,"Ta"
    (74 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 74,4,0.7,"W"
    (74 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 74,6,0.62,"W"
    (75 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 75,4,0.72,"Re"
    (75 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 75,7,0.56,"Re"
    (76 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 76,4,0.88,"Os"
    (76 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 76,6,0.69,"Os"
    (77 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 77,4,0.68,"Ir"
    (78 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 78,2,0.8,"Pt"
    (78 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 78,4,0.65,"Pt"
    (79 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 79,1,1.37,"Au"
    (79 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 79,3,0.85,"Au"
    (80 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 80,1,1.27,"Hg"
    (80 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 80,2,1.1,"Hg"
    (81 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 81,1,1.47,"Tl"
    (81 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 81,3,0.95,"Tl"
    (82 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 82,2,1.2,"Pb"
    (82 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 82,4,0.84,"Pb"
    (83 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 83,1,0.98,"Bi"
    (83 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 83,3,0.96,"Bi"
    (83 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 83,5,0.74,"Bi"
    (84 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 84,6,0.67,"Po"
    (85 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 85,7,0.62,"At"
    (87 << 4) + (1 + 4),  // 87,1,1.8,"Fr"
    (88 << 4) + (2 + 4),  // 88,2,1.43,"Ra a"
    (89 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 89,3,1.18,"Ac"
    (90 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 90,4,1.02,"Th"
    (91 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 91,3,1.13,"Pa"
    (91 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 91,4,0.98,"Pa"
    (91 << 4) + (5 + 4),  // 91,5,0.89,"Pa"
    (92 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 92,4,0.97,"U"
    (92 << 4) + (6 + 4),  // 92,6,0.8,"U"
    (93 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 93,3,1.1,"Np"
    (93 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 93,4,0.95,"Np"
    (93 << 4) + (7 + 4),  // 93,7,0.71,"Np"
    (94 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 94,3,1.08,"Pu"
    (94 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 94,4,0.93,"Pu"
    (95 << 4) + (3 + 4),  // 95,3,1.07,"Am"
    (95 << 4) + (4 + 4),  // 95,4,0.92,"Am"
  };

  public final static short[] ionicMars = {
    1540, // "H",1,-1,1.54,1540
    680,  // "Li",3,1,0.68,680
    440,  // "Be",4,1,0.44,440
    350,  // "Be",4,2,0.35,350
    350,  // "B",5,1,0.35,350
    230,  // "B",5,3,0.23,230
    2600, // "C",6,-4,2.6,2600
    160,  // "C",6,4,0.16,160
    1710, // "N",7,-3,1.71,1710
    250,  // "N",7,1,0.25,250
    160,  // "N",7,3,0.16,160
    130,  // "N",7,5,0.13,130
    1320, // "O",8,-2,1.32,1320
    1760, // "O",8,-1,1.76,1760
    220,  // "O",8,1,0.22,220
    90,   // "O",8,6,0.09,90
    1330, // "F",9,-1,1.33,1330
    80,   // "F",9,7,0.08,80
    1120, // "Ne",10,1,1.12,1120
    970,  // "Na",11,1,0.97,970
    820,  // "Mg",12,1,0.82,820
    660,  // "Mg",12,2,0.66,660
    510,  // "Al",13,3,0.51,510
    2710, // "Si",14,-4,2.71,2710
    3840, // "Si",14,-1,3.84,3840
    650,  // "Si",14,1,0.65,650
    420,  // "Si",14,4,0.42,420
    2120, // "P",15,-3,2.12,2120
    440,  // "P",15,3,0.44,440
    350,  // "P",15,5,0.35,350
    1840, // "S",16,-2,1.84,1840
    2190, // "S",16,2,2.19,2190
    370,  // "S",16,4,0.37,370
    300,  // "S",16,6,0.3,300
    1810, // "Cl",17,-1,1.81,1810
    340,  // "Cl",17,5,0.34,340
    270,  // "Cl",17,7,0.27,270
    1540, // "Ar",18,1,1.54,1540
    1330, // "K",19,1,1.33,1330
    1180, // "Ca",20,1,1.18,1180
    990,  // "Ca",20,2,0.99,990
    732,  // "Sc",21,3,0.732,732
    960,  // "Ti",22,1,0.96,960
    940,  // "Ti",22,2,0.94,940
    760,  // "Ti",22,3,0.76,760
    680,  // "Ti",22,4,0.68,680
    880,  // "V",23,2,0.88,880
    740,  // "V",23,3,0.74,740
    630,  // "V",23,4,0.63,630
    590,  // "V",23,5,0.59,590
    810,  // "Cr",24,1,0.81,810
    890,  // "Cr",24,2,0.89,890
    630,  // "Cr",24,3,0.63,630
    520,  // "Cr",24,6,0.52,520
    800,  // "Mn",25,2,0.8,800
    660,  // "Mn",25,3,0.66,660
    600,  // "Mn",25,4,0.6,600
    460,  // "Mn",25,7,0.46,460
    740,  // "Fe",26,2,0.74,740
    640,  // "Fe",26,3,0.64,640
    720,  // "Co",27,2,0.72,720
    630,  // "Co",27,3,0.63,630
    690,  // "Ni",28,2,0.69,690
    960,  // "Cu",29,1,0.96,960
    720,  // "Cu",29,2,0.72,720
    880,  // "Zn",30,1,0.88,880
    740,  // "Zn",30,2,0.74,740
    810,  // "Ga",31,1,0.81,810
    620,  // "Ga",31,3,0.62,620
    2720, // "Ge",32,-4,2.72,2720
    730,  // "Ge",32,2,0.73,730
    530,  // "Ge",32,4,0.53,530
    2220, // "As",33,-3,2.22,2220
    580,  // "As",33,3,0.58,580
    460,  // "As",33,5,0.46,460
    1910, // "Se",34,-2,1.91,1910
    2320, // "Se",34,-1,2.32,2320
    660,  // "Se",34,1,0.66,660
    500,  // "Se",34,4,0.5,500
    420,  // "Se",34,6,0.42,420
    1960, // "Br",35,-1,1.96,1960
    470,  // "Br",35,5,0.47,470
    390,  // "Br",35,7,0.39,390
    1470, // "Rb",37,1,1.47,1470
    1120, // "Sr",38,2,1.12,1120
    893,  // "Y",39,3,0.893,893
    1090, // "Zr",40,1,1.09,1090
    790,  // "Zr",40,4,0.79,790
    1000, // "Nb",41,1,1,1000
    740,  // "Nb",41,4,0.74,740
    690,  // "Nb",41,5,0.69,690
    930,  // "Mo",42,1,0.93,930
    700,  // "Mo",42,4,0.7,700
    620,  // "Mo",42,6,0.62,620
    979,  // "Tc",43,7,0.979,979
    670,  // "Ru",44,4,0.67,670
    680,  // "Rh",45,3,0.68,680
    800,  // "Pd",46,2,0.8,800
    650,  // "Pd",46,4,0.65,650
    1260, // "Ag",47,1,1.26,1260
    890,  // "Ag",47,2,0.89,890
    1140, // "Cd",48,1,1.14,1140
    970,  // "Cd",48,2,0.97,970
    810,  // "In",49,3,0.81,810
    2940, // "Sn",50,-4,2.94,2940
    3700, // "Sn",50,-1,3.7,3700
    930,  // "Sn",50,2,0.93,930
    710,  // "Sn",50,4,0.71,710
    2450, // "Sb",51,-3,2.45,2450
    760,  // "Sb",51,3,0.76,760
    620,  // "Sb",51,5,0.62,620
    2110, // "Te",52,-2,2.11,2110
    2500, // "Te",52,-1,2.5,2500
    820,  // "Te",52,1,0.82,820
    700,  // "Te",52,4,0.7,700
    560,  // "Te",52,6,0.56,560
    2200, // "I",53,-1,2.2,2200
    620,  // "I",53,5,0.62,620
    500,  // "I",53,7,0.5,500
    1670, // "Cs",55,1,1.67,1670
    1530, // "Ba",56,1,1.53,1530
    1340, // "Ba",56,2,1.34,1340
    1390, // "La",57,1,1.39,1390
    1016, // "La",57,3,1.016,1016
    1270, // "Ce",58,1,1.27,1270
    1034, // "Ce",58,3,1.034,1034
    920,  // "Ce",58,4,0.92,920
    1013, // "Pr",59,3,1.013,1013
    900,  // "Pr",59,4,0.9,900
    995,  // "Nd",60,3,0.995,995
    979,  // "Pm",61,3,0.979,979
    964,  // "Sm",62,3,0.964,964
    1090, // "Eu",63,2,1.09,1090
    950,  // "Eu",63,3,0.95,950
    938,  // "Gd",64,3,0.938,938
    923,  // "Tb",65,3,0.923,923
    840,  // "Tb",65,4,0.84,840
    908,  // "Dy",66,3,0.908,908
    894,  // "Ho",67,3,0.894,894
    881,  // "Er",68,3,0.881,881
    870,  // "Tm",69,3,0.87,870
    930,  // "Yb",70,2,0.93,930
    858,  // "Yb",70,3,0.858,858
    850,  // "Lu",71,3,0.85,850
    780,  // "Hf",72,4,0.78,780
    680,  // "Ta",73,5,0.68,680
    700,  // "W",74,4,0.7,700
    620,  // "W",74,6,0.62,620
    720,  // "Re",75,4,0.72,720
    560,  // "Re",75,7,0.56,560
    880,  // "Os",76,4,0.88,880
    690,  // "Os",76,6,0.69,690
    680,  // "Ir",77,4,0.68,680
    800,  // "Pt",78,2,0.8,800
    650,  // "Pt",78,4,0.65,650
    1370, // "Au",79,1,1.37,1370
    850,  // "Au",79,3,0.85,850
    1270, // "Hg",80,1,1.27,1270
    1100, // "Hg",80,2,1.1,1100
    1470, // "Tl",81,1,1.47,1470
    950,  // "Tl",81,3,0.95,950
    1200, // "Pb",82,2,1.2,1200
    840,  // "Pb",82,4,0.84,840
    980,  // "Bi",83,1,0.98,980
    960,  // "Bi",83,3,0.96,960
    740,  // "Bi",83,5,0.74,740
    670,  // "Po",84,6,0.67,670
    620,  // "At",85,7,0.62,620
    1800, // "Fr",87,1,1.8,1800
    1430, // "Ra a",88,2,1.43,1430
    1180, // "Ac",89,3,1.18,1180
    1020, // "Th",90,4,1.02,1020
    1130, // "Pa",91,3,1.13,1130
    980,  // "Pa",91,4,0.98,980
    890,  // "Pa",91,5,0.89,890
    970,  // "U",92,4,0.97,970
    800,  // "U",92,6,0.8,800
    1100, // "Np",93,3,1.1,1100
    950,  // "Np",93,4,0.95,950
    710,  // "Np",93,7,0.71,710
    1080, // "Pu",94,3,1.08,1080
    930,  // "Pu",94,4,0.93,930
    1070, // "Am",95,3,1.07,1070
    920,  // "Am",95,4,0.92,920
  };




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Frieda Reichsman, PhD
Molecules in Motion
Interactive Molecular Structures
http://www.moleculesinmotion.com



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