BIDAH (INNOVATIONS in Allaah's religion)
Linguistically Bid'ah (innovation) means 'a newly invented matter'.
The Sharee'ah definition of Bid'ah is: "A newly invented way [beliefs or
action] in the religion, in imitation of the Sharee'ah (prescribed Law), by
which nearness to Allaah is sought, [but] not being supported by any authentic
proof - neither in its foundations, nor in the manner in which it is
performed." Al-I'tisaam of ash-Shaatibee (1/37).
The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said: "Every innovation
is misguidance and going astray" Reported by Abu Daawood (no. 4607),
at-Tirmidhee (no. 2676) and it is saheeh. Ibn Hajr authenticated it Takhreej
Ahaadeeth Ibn ul-Haajib (1/137).
And he (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) also said: "
and every innovation is
misguidance and all misguidance is in the Hellfire." Reported by an-Nasaa'ee
(1/224) from Jaabir bin Abdullaah and it is saheeh as declared by Shaikh
ul-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah in Majmoo' ul-Fataawaa (3/58).
The Messenger (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) also warned against the People of
Innovation, from befriending, supporting or taking from them saying: "Whoever
innovates or accommodates an innovator then upon him is the curse of Allaah,
His Angels and the whole of mankind." Reported by Bukhaaree (12/41) and Muslim
(9/140)
And in his footsteps, we find the Noble Companions and the Taabi'een after
them warning from the danger of innovations upon the Ummah, its people and
their unity, since it is innovations which have divided the Ummah and split it
asunder.
Ibn Abbaas (d. 68H) said: "Indeed the most detestable of things to Allaah are
the innovations." Reported by al-Bayhaqee in as-Sunan al-Kubraa (4/316)
Ibn Umar (d. 84H) said: "Every innovation is misguidance, even if the people
see it as something good." Reported by Abu Shaamah (no. 39)
Ahmad Ibn Hanbal once said, "The greatest sinner (faasiq) from the Ahl-Sunnah
Wal Jamaah is better than the most pious person from Ahl-"Bid'ah".
'Abdullaah ibn Mas'ood, said, "Follow and do not innovate, for you have been
given that which is sufficient and every innovation is misguidance." Reported
by Abu Khaithamah in Kitaab Ul-'Ilm (no. 540) and declared saheeh by Shaikh
al-Albaanee.
Abdullah Ibn Abbaassaid, "When "Bid'ah" is created then the Sunnah dies and
this continues until that "Bid'ah" is living and the Sunnah is dead."
Al-'Irbaad ibn Saariyah, , reports that the Prophet said, ".... I have left
you upon clear guidance. Its night is like its day. No one deviates from it
after me except that he is destroyed." Reported by Ahmad, Ibn Maajah (no. 43)
and al-Haakim. It is declared saheeh by Shaikh al-Albaanee in as-Saheehah (no.
937). Al-Marwazee reports in as-Sunnah (no. 95) that 'Umar ibn 'Abd
Allah-'Azeez said, "There is no excuse for anyone, after the Sunnah, to be
misguided upon error which he thought was guidance."
Hasan Ibn Attiya, one of the Ta'baeen said, "When the people accept the
"Bid'ah" , Allah removes the Sunnah from among them and doesn't return it
until the day of judgment."
One of the early scholars, Al-Barbahaaree, one of the companions of Ahmed Ibn
Hanbal, said, "Beware of "Bid'ah", because every "Bid'ah" started out as
something small and resembling the truth and people were fooled by it and
followed it until it became bigger and bigger and were trapped by it and it
took them out of Islaam." Shaykh al-Barbaharee (D. 329H Rahimahullah) Also
states: May Allah have mercy upon you. Know that the Religion is what came from
Allaah, the Blessed and the Most High. It is not something left to the
intellect and opinions of men. Knowledge of it is what comes from Allaah and
His Messenger, so do not follow anything based upon your desires and so deviate
away from the Religion and leave Islam. There will be no excuse for you since
Allaah's Messenger explained the Sunnah to his Ummah and made it clear to his
Companions and they are the Jamaa'ah and they are the Main Body, and the Main
Body is the truth and its followers.
This matter has also been indicated by Imaam Maalik (rahimahullaah) in a
reported saying of his that ought to be recorded in golden ink. And it is his
saying: "Whosoever introduces into Islaam an innovation, which he deems is
good, then he has claimed that Muhammad has betrayed (the trust of conveying)
the Message. Read the saying of Allaah, the Mighty and Majestic: 'This day I
have completed your Religion for you, and I have perfected My favour upon you,
and I am pleased with Islaam as a Religion for you.' [Surat-ul-Maa'idah: 3] So
whatever was not (part of) the Religion on that day, is not (part of) the
Religion on this day. And the last part of this ummah (nation) will not be
rectified, except by that which its first part was rectified by." Ibn
Taymiyyah has a nice passage in one of his books showing that: "In fact, the
kufr of Jews and Christians is because of "Bid'ah". They introduced new things
into the religion and those things took them completely away from the
true message of Musa (Moses) and Isaa (Jesus) Alaihumma Salam". So just as
the condition of the Arabs during the Days of Ignorance (Jaahiliyyah) was not
rectified except by the coming of their Prophet Muhammad with revelation from
the heavens - which aided them in this world and which will save them in the
next - then the foundation that the good Islaamic well-being must be set upon
in this time, is nothing else but the return to the Qur'ân and the Sunnah.
In spite of this, this matter needs a little bit more of articulation, due to
the vast number of Islaamic groups and parties that are present on the arena
and which claim for themselves to be upon the way by which Islaamic society and
Muslim rule can be actualized. Imaam Ibnul Qayyim al-Jawziyyah The war
against the innovators is greater than the war against the Mushrikeen.
SAHÂBAH'S ATTITUDE TOWARDS BID'AH Every Innovation is a Misguidance
By Shaykh Nasir-ud-deen Albaani Innovations of Hajj, 'Umrah and Visiting
Madinah
By Shaykh Nasir-ud-deen Albaani How Do We Know What Is and What Is Not a
Bid'ah?
BID'AH: An anonymous contribution A CLARIFICATION OF DOUBTS REGARDING
INNOVATION Tawheedul-Haakimiyyah as a Separate Category is an Innovation
Saying "sadaq Allaahul-'Adtheem" after finishing reading the Qur'ân The Salaf
and their Position Towards The People of Innovations & Desires THE DEEN OF
ISLAaM IS COMPLETE AND PERFECT
Bid'ah - Innovation in Islam
Wa sharrul Umoori Muhdathaatuhaa, Wa kullu Bid'atin dhalalah, wa kullu
dhalatin fin-naar" Al-Hadith (Sahih Muslim). Translation of the above Hadith:
Every innovation is a misguidance and every misguidance goes to Hell fire.
IMAM SHAFI'S EXPLANATION OF THE ABOVE HADITH:
Kullu bida'tin dlalalah: "Every innovation is a misguidance"? Doesn't the term
"every" include all innovations?" Such an objection stems from the
misinterpretation of the term kullu ("every") in the Hadith to be all
encompassing without exception, whereas in Arabic it may mean "Nearly all" or
"the vast majority." This is how al-Shafi'i understood it or else he would have
never allowed for any innovation whatsoever to be considered good, and he is
considered a hujjah or "Proof," that is, reference without peer for questions
regarding the Arabic language. The stylistic figure of meaning the part by the
whole, or nechdoche in English is in Arabic: 'abbara 'an kathratihi bi
-kulliyyahi. This is illustrated by the use of kullu in the following verse
46:25 of the Quran in a selective or partial sense not a universal
sense:Tudammiru kulla syai'n
"Destroying all things by commandment of its Lord. And morning found them so
that naught could be seen save their dwellings". Thus, the dwellings were not
destroyed although "all" things had been destroyed. "All" here means
specifically the lives of the unbelievers of 'Aad and their properties except
their houses.
ARE THERE GOOD OR BAD INNOVATIONS IN ISLAM?
Prophetic saying as stated in Sahih Muslim is known even to common Muslims, let
alone scholars: "He who inaugurates a good practice (man sanna fil-islam
sunnatan hasanatan) in Islam earns the reward of it, and of all who perform it
after him, without diminishing their own rewards in the least. " Tirmizi, Page
92.
Imam Nawawi said in Shahih Muslim Bid'ah - Innovation in Islam
Wa sharrul Umoori Muhdathaatuha, Wa kullu Bid'atin dhalalah, wa kullu
dhalalatin fin-naar" Al-Hadith (Sahih Muslim). Translation of the above Hadith:
Every innovation is a misguidance and every misguidance goes to Hell fire.
.
"The Prophet's saying 'every innovation is a general-particular and it is a
reference to most innovations. The linguists say, 'Innovation is any act done
without a previous pattern, and it is of five different kinds."' Imam Nawawi
also said in Tahzeeb al Asma'wal Sifaat, "Innovation in religious law is to
originate anything which did not exist during the time of the Prophet, and it
is divided into good and bad." He also said, "al-muhdathat (pi. for muhdatha)
is to originate something that has no roots in religious law. In the tradition
of religious law, it is called innovation, and if it has an origin within the
religious law, then it is not innovation. Innovation in religious law is
disagreeable, unlike in the language where everything that has been originated
without a previous pattern is called innovation regardless of whether it is
good or bad."
Sheikh al-Islam lbn Hajar Al Asqalani, the commentator on al-Bukhari, said,
"Anything that did not exist during the Prophet's time is called innovation,
but some are good while others are not."
Abu Na'eem, narrated from Ibrahim al-Junaid, said, "I heard Ash-Shafi'i
saying, 'Innovation is of two types: praiseworthy innovation and blameworthy
innovation, and anything that disagrees with the Sunnah is blameworthy."
Imam al Bayhaqi narrated in Manaqib Ash-Shafi'i that he said, "Innovations
are of two types: that which contradicts the Quran, the Sunnah, or unanimous
agreement of the Muslims is an innovation of deception, while a good innovation
does not contradict any of these things."
IN CONCLUSION:
Clearly, we can see from the opinions of the righteous scholars, that to define
innovations in worship as wholly negative without exception is ignorant. For
these pious knowers, among them, Imam Shafi'i and Imam Nawawi, declared that
innovations could be divided into good and bad, based on their compliance with,
or deviance from religious law. Can the latter day scholars of Islam (who came
after I 1 00 years) claim that they understand the Quran and Hadith better than
the Sahaba and the Salaf-Us-Saliheen? If 'every' innovation is a misguidance
then the following too are all innovations which originated two centuries or
more after Sahaba RA: Reading eight raka in Tarawih; Translations of Quran;
Writing Tafseers; collection and classification of Ahaadiths; Principles of
Jurisprudence; The four schools of Fiqh, Stoned and carpeted Mosques, use of
loud speakers in mosques etc.
Therefore, anything that does not have roots originating to the Quran and
Sunnah is considered a bad innovation. But the following practices, such as
recitation of the Quran in gatherings; Recital of Darud-Sharif
(Salaat-o-Salaam) in gatherings and Mawlid (commemorating the birth and Seerah
of the Holy Prophet Muhammed (Peace be Upon Him) has clear and authenticated
roots to the Quran and Sunnah. Where in Quran and Hadith all these gatherings
are declared as haram or prohibited? Proof of such acts is indicated as
follows: On Mawlid: "Abi Qatadat said that the Prophet was asked about fasting
on Monday and he said 'That was the day I was born."' This Hadith is a clear
evidence of the importance of the commemoration of the Prophet's e birthday
through worship. Al-Hafiz ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, in his book Lataif al-maarif
(p. 98), in explaining this Hadith of Muslim said, "It is good to fast on the
days that Allah honored and favored his servants."
It is incumbent not only on Muslims but on all human beings to rejoice in his
advent, the day of his birth. As al-Hafiz ibn Rajab al-Hanbali said, "The best
favor that Allah has granted this nation is the birth of Prophet Muhammad
(PBUH) when he was sent to humanity. " We did not send you except as a mercy to
the whole Universe' (AlAnbiya'107. So we review and recall Allah's favor of
sending the Prophet by fasting on that day". 'Of the favor and mercy of Allah
let them rejoice" (Yunus, 58).
Below is a divine order for all the believers to send Salutations on Prophet
Muhammad (Peace be upon HIM). Allah has said in the Quran- Allah and His angels
sends blessings on the Prophet (Peace be upon HIM)"-. O'you believes! You too
send Salutation on beloved Prophet (Peace be upon HIM)" (33:56)
What does the Quran say about Dhiker in gatherings'?
"Those men and women who engage much in Allah's praise. For them has Allah
prepared forgiveness and a great reward." (33:35)
"Those who remember their Lord standing, and sitting, and lying on their sides"
(3:191)
" Men whom neither traffic nor merchandise can divert from Remembrance of Allah
nor from regular Salaat, nor from regular practice of Zakaat. (24:37)
"Those who believe, and whose hearts find comfort in the remembrance of Allah!
Aye! It is in the remembrance of Allah that hearts can find comfort;" (13: 28)
What do the Hadith say about Dhiker in gatherings?
Hadith Qudsi: "Those that remember Me in their heart, I remember them in My
heart; and those that remember Me in a gathering, I remember them (i.e. make
mention of them) in a gathering better than theirs. (This can include
recitation of Quran, Durood (Salat-o-Salaam) and other Dhiker Allah)
In Bukhari and Muslim: The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said that Allah has
angels roaming the roads to find the people of dhikr, i.e. those who say La
llaha lllallah and similar expressions, and when they find a group of people
(Qaom) reciting dhikr, they call each other and encompass them in layers until
the first heaven -- the location of which is in Allah's knowledge. (This is to
say, an unlimited number of angels are going to be over that group
Ibn 'Umar reported that the Prophet (Peace be upon him) said: "When you pass by
the gardens of Paradise, avail yourselves of them." The Companions asked: "What
are the gardens of Paradise, 0 Messenger of Allah?" He replied: "The circles of
dhikr. There are roaming angels of Allah who go about looking for the circles
of dhikr, and when they rind them they surround them closely." Tirmidhi
narrated it (Hasan Gharib) and Ahmad.
Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri and Abu Huraira reported that the Prophet (Peace be upon
him) said, "When any group of men remember Allah, angels surround them and
mercy covers them, tranquility descends upon them, and Allah mentions them to
those who are with Him." Narrated by Muslim, Tirmidhi, Ahmad, lbn Majah, and
Bayhaqi.
Those who call upon Bida'h (innovations):
For those who insist on scrutinizing Bida'h should rather pay more attention to
Haram and major sins. The following are typical examples that majority of the
Ummah is engaged in everyday and so routinely which are often overlooked and
justified through obtaining Fatwa's for the purpose of legitimizing their
actions:
Buying houses on mortgages (interest);
Holding Credit on credit cards;
Eating non halal meat and foods (MacDonald, KFC, etc.)
Disobedience to parents and ill treatment of either wife or husband;
Sending of children to Islamic school but not practicing Islam themselves
Calling other Muslim brothers Miskeen (poor) based upon nationality
Undue extravagance: Luxuries (Castles, Rolls Royces, Cadillacs etc);
Engaging in fraud and corruption
Celebrating own anniversaries and birthdays yet raise objection on Mawlid. Etc.
Islam cannot be customized to suit individual needs and lifestyles. This is a
great hypocrisy. One can ask themselves how pious and strict follower of the
Quran and Sunnah, am I in reality? Stay away from haram, shirk and Kufr and try
to follow other Hadiths as well in order to fulfill the claim of being strict
followers of Quran and Sunnah.
Allahumma ai'nni ala dhikrika wa husni ibadatika.
Estracted from "ISRA" + "islam academy"
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