>Caroline Andr�ani a �crit :

>>
>> Serbia freezes as temperatures plunge to minus 20
>>  By Gordana Filipovic
>>         BELGRADE, Jan 25, 2000 (Reuters) - Snow-bound Serbia introduced on
>> Tuesday sporadic power cuts and urged the nation to cut energy consumption
>> to avoid a collapse of its strained grid as outside temperatures sank to
>> -20 degrees Celsius.
>>          The freezing spell came only two days after blizzards swept across
>> the country blocking roads and cutting off many villages.
>>         Serbian capital Belgrade woke up at 18 degrees below zero, and
>> second city Novi Sad in the north at -20, the National Weather Service
>> said.
>>         Many Belgraders walked to their offices as the city transport,
>> facing the snow amid fuel and spare part shortages provided barely 500
>> buses and trams, half of what the city needs.
>>         Freezing weather also hit adjoining Yugoslav republic Montenegro
>> where temperatures stood at four below zero in Podgorica and minus three in
>> Ulcinj, the southernmost point on the coast bordering Albania.
>>         The Novi Sad electricity distributor introduced two-hour power cuts
>> on Tuesday. In Belgrade, the power company cautioned consumption was
>> exceeding its capacity.
>>         ``The power system is strained, with most frequent failures in
>> suburban areas,'' the
>> company said.  The capital alone consumed 32.6 million kilowatt hours (kWh)
>> on Monday, while the rest of Serbia consumed 100 million kWh.
>>         ``Consumption substantially exceeds average daily production of
>> 110-125 million kWh produced by hydroelectric and thermal power plants,''
>> Serbian power company Elektroprivreda Srbije (EPS) said.
>>         A third of Serbia's power grid, mainly transmission lines, was
>> damaged or destroyed in NATO's three-month bombing campaign of Yugoslavia
>> last year.
>>         State Tanjug news agency said EPS was spending $160,000 a day on
>> energy imports from neighbouring grids.
>>         The oil company said disposable quantities of natural gas, the main
>> source of heating in many towns, were too low to keep households warm and
>> the food industry running.
>>         Yugoslavia, subject to an embargo by the European Union and United
>> States which bans imports of crude and oil products, has had regular
>> heating problems since the first cold
>> arrived in November.  Belgrade had hoped that Russia would provide enough
>> gas to heat it through the winter, but Russian gas monopoly Gazprom has
>> delivered barely half of Serbia's needs.
>>                 SERBIA LACKS GAS
>>         ``There are no fuel reserves. We can only pray  the skies have
>> mercy on us,'' a senior official at Serbian oil company NIS, who asked not
>> to be named, told Reuters. Serbia lacked on Tuesday some 100,000 cubic
>> metres of natural gas per hour, the NIS source said.
>> ``We currently feed the system with 370,000 cubic metres of gas. That is
>> enough for the temperatures around zero,'' he said. ``On a day like this we
>> need 470,000 cubic metres per hour.''
>>         Low pressure in the pipeline of around 10 bars compared to 30
>> required, kept households cold with temperatures of below 15 degrees. The
>> heating situation was critical in the central Serbian towns of Kragujevac
>> and Kraljevo. The European Union has sent heating oil to two
>> opposition-held Serbian towns, Nis and Pirot, under its Energy for
>> Democracy programme.  Some EU members want to extend the aid to towns which
>> are not opposed to Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, a view supported
>> by opposition leaders.
>
>
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