>     IRISH NEWS ROUND-UP
>     http://irlnet.com/rmlist/
>
>     Easter Holiday, 21-24 April, 2000
>
>
> 1.  AHERN DENIES RECEIVING BRIBE
> 2.  Thousands demand change at Easter rallies
> 3.  Helicopter crash may have left two British soldiers dead
> 4.  Dublin to call for Hamill inquiry
> 5.  Pipe bombs intended for republicans
> 6.  Soldiers hamper Divis rescue
> 7.  London Friends back Agreement
> 8.  History:  The Battle of Mount Street Bridge
> 9.  Analysis: The next steps
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> AHERN DENIES RECEIVING BRIBE
>
>
>
>  The Dublin coalition government is under grave threat following
>  allegations that the Irish Prime Minister, Taoiseach Bertie Ahern
>  improperly received #50,000  from the Cork developer, Mr Owen
>  O'Callaghan, in 1989.
>
>  A businessman has made a sworn statement to the Sunday Business
>  Post newspaper claiming that he gave cheques to the tune of
>  #50,000 each to two "senior politicians".  One of the payments,
>  apparently in return for planning permission for lucrative
>  commercial developments, was allegedly handed over in the
>  car-park of the Burlington hotel in Dublin.
>
>  Ahern, who faces the certain collapse of his coalition government
>  if the allegations are vindicated, issued a vehement denial.
>
>  "I can say I never received one penny from Owen O'Callaghan, for
>  myself, for the party, or for anyone else. I never got it in the
>  Burlington or anywhere else. I never got money anywhere else
>  either from anything to do with Owen O'Callaghan," Mr Ahern said.
>
>  A spokesman for Mr O'Callaghan confirmed he had made several
>  donations to Ahern's Fianna Fail party over the past 11 years, as
>  well as donations to individual Fianna Fail politicians. He
>  issued a statement in which he said he believed it was obvious
>  that there was "a serious personal, business or political
>  vendetta" against him.
>
>  Meanwhile, Fianna Fail is deciding its approach to its members of
>  parliament and councillors who were identified by lobbyist Frank
>  Dunlop as having received political donations in return for their
>  vote on the Quarryvale development project in Dublin in 1991. Mr
>  Dunlop, who admitted making the bribe payments at the Flood
>  tribunal of inquiry on Wednesday, was working as a political
>  lobbyist by Mr O'Callaghan at the time.
>
>  Among those in the limelight is member of parliament Liam Lawlor,
>  who has admitted receiving at least #40,000 in a "legitimate
>  electoral donation".
>
>  The Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams described as "disgraceful"
>  the revelations arising from the Flood tribunal. "There is graft
>  right into the very sinews of the political institutions," he
>  said.
>
>  He described as "verbalised republicans" those who were prepared
>  to take cash payments in brown envelopes for political favours.
>
>  TURNING POINT
>
>  Last week marked a turning-point in a long battle of attrition
>  between those who wish to expose corruption in Dublin planning in
>  the 1970s and 1980s and those who want to conceal this for as
>  long as possible.
>
>  Frank Dunlop's dramatic revelations of payments to councillors
>  were the culmination of months of legal sleuthing that saw Dunlop
>  irretrievably painted into a corner. Faced with having to explain
>  the inexplicable, he chose to come clean.
>
>  It will be some time before Mr Justice Flood concludes his
>  marathon investigation into planning permission corruption, but
>  it is now clear that the tribunal has found good reason to
>  believe many of the allegations it is investigating.
>
>  But for over two years Mr Justice Flood and his legal team at
>  Dublin Castle have contended with powerful forces, would-be
>  witnesses and their legal, financial and media advisers, who have
>  fought tooth-and-nail to prevent or delay the evidence coming
>  out.
>
>  Money is no object for many of the wealthy individuals who are
>  the subject of these allegations. Rafts of expensive lawyers and
>  other advisers have been drafted in to serve their interests.
>  High Court actions are launched with little concern for the
>  enormous costs involved. Top-dollar public relations consultants
>  are hired, seemingly to sit on their hands all day.
>
>  The tribunal has been forced to traipse through the High Court
>  and even the Supreme Court up to a dozen times. The response of
>  many parties to requests for information has been leisurely at
>  best. Deadlines came and went, and correspondence flew back and
>  forth. Yet it always seemed that the necessary records arrived at
>  the last minute, before a party's witness was due to give
>  evidence. On other occasions, vast amounts of documentation were
>  handed in, amounting to tens of thousands of documents.
>
>  The tribunal first contacted Frank Dunlop in September 1998. Last
>  year he provided them with an affidavit of discovery, saying he
>  had declared all his bank accounts. This wasn't the case, and the
>  crucial bank account at the Rathfarnham Road branch of Allied
>  Irish Banks, the main source of the councillors' cash, only came
>  to light last February. Information about another, hitherto
>  unknown, account emerged only last Tuesday, as Dunlop was being
>  grilled by tribunal lawyers.
>
>  Following the "money trail" is crucial to the success of the
>  tribunal. It certainly proved Frank Dunlop's downfall. Yet
>  accountants and financial institutions have played their own role
>  in slowing down the process. So far, the tribunal has heard of
>  three different floods that have allegedly afflicted places where
>  financial records are stored, and two separate fires.
>
>  The performance this week of Michael Fingleton, chief executive
>  of the Irish Nationwide Building Society, is fairly typical.
>  Fingleton seemed to have difficulty understanding the terms of
>  the tribunal's order to produce documents from its Cork branch.
>
>  It took him two months to produce a few boxes, contents unknown,
>  until he was pressed further. At one stage, he said the documents
>  had been placed in central storage. Asked where that was, he
>  replied: "Everywhere".  The chairman accused him of having a
>  "cavalier" attitude.
>
>  But fear, intimidation, obstruction, time-wasting and
>  spin-doctoring are the weapons of choice of some of those anxious
>  to keep out of the limelight.
>
>  Deflecting the blame and spreading the muck have become the
>  standard tactics. As a leading Fianna Fail figure came under fire
>  last week based on statements by Dunlop, the finger was
>  conveniently pointed instead at Tom Hand an opposition TD who
>  died in 1996. The ploy was too ambitious, however. The focus
>  shifted back angrily to Dunlop, who came in for the grilling from
>  tribunal lawyer Patrick Hanratty that led to revelations of
>  payments to 15 councillors.
>
>  Middle-men such as Dunlop are emerging as the "fall-guys". But
>  the wealthy businessmen and politicians the tribunal was set up
>  to investigate remain largely untouched.
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> Change demanded at Easter rallies
>
>
>  In over fifty rallies across Ireland this weekend, tens of
>  thousands of nationalists demanded immediate movement from
>  Britain to breath new life into the peace process.
>
>  At one of the north's largest gatherings in memory of the 1916
>  rising, Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams told over 10,000 people
>  at Derry's City Cemetery that the answer to the current impasse
>  must come from British Prime Minister Tony Blair.
>
>  During the ceremony wreaths were laid at the Republican plot and
>  the IRA's Easter message was read out by a member of a 15-strong
>  colour party.
>
>  At the cemetery the crowd heard Mr Adams say that many
>  republicans were detached from what the Good Friday Agreement was
>  all about.
>
>  He said that Sinn Fein was all about change, bringing about that
>  change and bringing about an Irish Republic.
>
>  "The question is not to Sinn Fein about guns, the question is to
>  Tony Blair and the British Government as to whether they have the
>  courage and capacity to unlock the future and to bring about a
>  real beginning for all the people of this island," he told
>  supporters.
>
>  And he added that the only certainty for those who would try and
>  marginalise the Republican community was that they could only
>  delay that change.
>
>  Mr Adams said that the days of "second-class citizenship were
>  over, done, gone".
>
>  On the question of decommissioning, the Sinn Fein President said
>  he wanted to take all guns out of Irish politics.
>
>  He said he had once been told by a journalist that the Republican
>  voice could not be heard over the sound of guns but now the guns
>  were silent and all they wanted to talk about were guns.
>
>  In Dublin, Sinn Fein's senior negotiator Martin McGuinness told
>  republicans: "This farce of demanding IRA surrender must stop. If
>  all the guns are to be taken out of Irish politics, and that is
>  an honourable objective, then the only way to do it is to prove
>  politics work.
>
>  "If the Good Friday agreement is to be saved then it is up to
>  Tony Blair and his government. Never mind the hand of history on
>  his shoulder - the key to the future is in his hand.
>
>  "But if Tony Blair and Peter Mandelson continue to subject the
>  working of the agreement to the demands of unionism, it simply
>  cannot progress," he added.
>
>  Mr McGuinness praised the IRA for maintaining their ceasefire in
>  a "disciplined and honourable way" in the face of what he termed
>  British and loyalist provocation.
>
>  He warned suspension of the institutions had left a "dangerous
>  vacuum" which could mean a slide back to violence.
>
>  "Is everything that we have worked so hard for to be squandered?
>  We now face the possibility that all of the good work of recent
>  years could be undone.
>
>  "And worse still, the vacuum created through the absence of
>  politics has now emboldened the rejectionists who are only too
>  willing to risk a slide back into conflict," he warned.
>
>  "The recent electoral successes that we have enjoyed throughout
>  the island must be built upon. The tired and worn-out parties of
>  the establishment are now looking over their shoulder at Sinn
>  Fein," he said.
>
>  Sinn Fein chairman Mitchel McLaughlin, addressing a Easter Sunday
>  rally in Drumboe, County Donegal, said calls for IRA disarmament
>  had never succeeded in the past.
>
>  He said: "David Trimble knows for an absolute certainty that his
>  approach to IRA disarmament has been a consistent failure. It is
>  certain to be so in the future if he persists."
>
>  Mr McLaughlin also had harsh words for British Direct Ruler Peter
>  Mandelson.
>
>  He added: "I must warn you, Peter Mandelson, do not be so
>  careless without hopes and aspirations. Do not be so arrogant."
>
>  He said a united Ireland was inevitable in the "foreseeable
>  future" but he stressed republicans still wanted to work with
>  unionists.
>
>  If Mr Trimble, the party chairman added, "would get a ready
>  response if he reached out in good faith".
>
>  Over 2,000 people attended the Easter commemoration in
>  Carrickmore, County Tyrone.
>
>  The rally was addressed by the Sinn Fein MLA, Mr Gerry Kelly, who
>  said the magnitude and discipline of the IRA ceasefire had yet
>  to be properly appreciated by unionists and the British
>  government.
>
>  "The leadership of the IRA have again and again taken steps to
>  break the impasse created, not by the IRA, but by the British
>  government and by unionists. They have had all their efforts
>  thrown back into their faces," Mr Kelly said, his voice battling
>  against the noise of a British army helicopter hovering overhead.
>
>  How could institutions be truly democratic if they could be
>  collapsed "with the stroke of a colonial pen", Mr Kelly asked.
>  Such an arbitrary act had brought the hopes and expectations of
>  people on both sides of the Border to its lowest point in many
>  years, he added. "The stroke of a colonial pen has overturned the
>  democratic wishes of the electorate north and south and has
>  ripped apart an international agreement. "It has not helped David
>  Trimble or the Ulster Unionist leadership in the long run, if
>  that was the intention. Worst of all, it has created a political
>  vacuum which could be filled by those reactionaries who do not
>  want to see the resolution of the conflict," Mr Kelly said.
>
>  Meanwhile in Crossmaglen, another good turnout was told that
>  unionist fear of change is the real reason for the current
>  political stalemate in the North of Ireland.
>
>  Bairbre de Brun, who was the Minister for Health in the suspended
>  Executive, said the divisions within unionism were not about the
>  IRA's refusal to decommission, but about whether unionists could
>  embrace the "real, substantial and immediate change" envisaged by
>  the Good Friday Agreement.
>
>  Beyond the changes proposed by the agreement, she added, the
>  social, economic and demographic realities made a united Ireland
>  inevitable. "That's what has unsettled unionists and led to one
>  precondition after another."
>
>  Addressing over a thousand people at the annual Easter
>  Commemoration, she said the British government had made a "huge
>  mistake" in following the unionists onto the ground of imposing
>  preconditions.
>
>  "Ireland voted and the British government vetoed," she said.
>
>  West Tyrone assembly member Barry McElduff addressed republicans
>  at the commemoration garden in the New Lodge in Belfast.
>
>  He urged unionists to end their demands for IRA surrender, which
>  he described as "farcical" and "nonsensical".
>
>  McElduff said: "I want to say to the unionist population to stop
>  the nonsensical argument that the IRA must be defeated and there
>  must be an IRA surrender.
>
>  "They won't ever get an IRA surrender. The IRA weren't and aren't
>  defeated and I think the peace process needs to move away from
>  the farcical nonsensical ground of seeking that.
>
>  "We were all told that we could enter the peace process with our
>  ideology intact. So stop all this nonsense about seeking a defeat
>  or surrender of the Irish republican movement because that won't
>  be happening - simple as that."
>
>  Fresh from an overwhelming win in the Omagh council by-election,
>  Mr McElduff added: "We are presently in the business of building
>  political strength so that when it is called for we can relate to
>  the Dublin government and we can relate in the next strand of
>  negotiations as the largest nationalist political force in the
>  occupied six counties."
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> Helicopter crash may have left two British soldiers dead
>
>
>  The British army has been accused of suppressing the deaths of
>  two soldiers in a helicopter crash in South Armagh last month.
>
>  A Lynx helicopter with seven soldiers and two crew members
>  crashed into a field just 50 yards from a house at Mullaghbawn on
>  the afternoon of March 2 last.
>
>  Media reports described the helicopter incident as an emergency
>  landing but eye witnesses have stated that the aircraft shattered
>  into several pieces on impact.
>
>  A large force of army and RUC officers, which arrived in five
>  helicopters, immediately sealed off a wide area to prevent
>  civilians from observing the scene and spent two days clearing
>  the debris.
>
>  A Chinook helicopter collected the pieces of the broken
>  helicopter which were taken away in heavy gauge netting.
>
>  Civilians arriving at the scene were told by British soldiers
>  that the debris was scattered over a wide area and that a number
>  of those travelling in the helicopter were seriously injured.
>
>  However, press reports suggested that only two of the soldiers
>  were injured in the "emergency landing". They were described as
>  "minor casualties".
>
>  "When we arrived a few hours after the crash we were told by one
>  soldier that we could not go near the scene as the debris was
>  strewn all over the place. They said that some of the soldiers
>  were seriously injured and others were in shock," said Toni
>  Carragher of the South Armagh Farmers and Residents Group.
>
>  A local man who had access to the crash site the following
>  morning said that the helicopter was broken into several parts.
>
>  "It was scattered across the field in smithereens. There is no
>  way that everyone travelling in that helicopter walked away from
>  the crash," said the man who did not wish to be identified.
>
>  There have been a number of documented crashes of the Lynx
>  medium-sized helicopter which is used to ferry soldiers around
>  the North on hundreds of missions daily.
>
>  Adding to the speculation that there were fatalities in the most
>  recent accident British newspapers two weeks later reported the
>  death of two British soldiers, Michael Byron and Peter Hawkins,
>  in Cyprus.
>
>  The 21 year old soldiers from Birkenhead and members of the 22nd
>  Cheshire regiment were reported to have died when their car hit a
>  cement mixer on an unfinished section of motorway between
>  Limassol and Paphos on March 19.
>
>  Another two soldiers were suffering from life threatening
>  injuries, the reports claimed.
>
>  The report stated that the four had only arrived in Cyprus for
>  duty only three days previously but that they were already on
>  leave when the crash happened.
>
>  It was also claimed that there was a difficulty in identifying
>  the men because of the intensity of the fire.
>
>  The roadway was not open to vehicles.
>
>  "It appears their rented car hit a cement mixer stationed on part
>  of the road which was not open to traffic and caught fire," a
>  Cypriot police spokesman told the Daily Mail.
>
>  According to Carragher, the army practice of blaming deaths of
>  soldiers in the North on traffic accidents in Europe is long
>  established in south Armagh.
>
>  She claims that the reason for the claim is that the British army
>  does not want to concede that there are serious risks to its own
>  personnel and civilians from unsafe helicopters.
>
>  "Is it traditional for the British army to be given leave after
>  only four days on duty? Allegedly the parked vehicle they hit was
>  on a stretch of road not open to the public therefore there were
>  no eyewitnesses," Carragher said. "The reports said there was
>  difficulty in identifying the bodies which is also convenient to
>  allow time to build the Cyprus concoction."
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> Dublin to call for Hamill inquiry
>
>  The Dublin government last night signalled its intention to push
>  Tony Blair for an independent public inquiry into the murder of
>  Catholic man Robert Hamill.
>
>  Taoiseach Bertie Ahern is now expected to demand a new
>  investigation in the run-up to the third anniversary of Mr
>  Hamill's death on May 8.
>
>  The father-of-three was attacked by a loyalist mob in Portadown
>  in front an RUC patrol van as he walked home after a night out
>  with friends on April 27 1997.   RUC officers simply looked on as
>  Hamill was kicked to death.
>
>  Mr Hamill's family last night welcomed the significant
>  development in their quest for justice.
>
>  In a stern message to the British government, Mr Hamill's sister
>  Diane said: "As the third anniversary of Robert's murder
>  approaches, obviously we welcome this development.
>
>  "We just wish the British government would show as much interest.
>  Tony Blair should realise that this case isn't going to disappear
>  and my family are no less determined now to establish the truth
>  than we were three years ago."'
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> Pipe bombs intended for republicans
>
>
>  Republican activists in South Down are being warned to be on their guard
>  after the discovery of primed pipe bombs near Castlewellan.
>
>  Sinn Fein councillor Aiden Carlin said that three
>  primed bombs were found on the road between Seaforde and Clough villages
on
>  Tuesday last week at about 3pm.
>
>  Carlin said that an anonymous caller to the RUC warned that the bombs
were,
>  "ready for immediate use against republicans in Castlewellan".
>
>  "Sinn Fein is taking this threat seriously as the bombs were uncovered
near
>  Clough which has seen a high level of loyalist activity over the past
>  while. Last year they were carrying out an attack on nationalists on a
>  monthly basis".
>
>  Loyalists from the area were involved in the killing of 16 year old James
>  Morgan in July 1997. The school boy from Annsborough, on the outskirts of
>  Castlewellan was abducted outside Newcastle and his mutilated body was
>  found buried in a carcass pit near Clough. One man, Norman Coopey who
went
>  on to the loyalist wings in the H Blocks, was convicted and given life.
>
>  Carlin went on to criticise the RUC who phoned Sinn Fein councillor Frank
>  McDowell and asked him to pass on the warnings about the bombs. "It took
>  the RUC over two hour to tell Frank about the bombs then they asked him
to
>  pass on the warnings", said Carlin.
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> Soldiers hamper Divis rescue
>
>  "Outrageous," is how a spokesperson for Divis Tower Residents'
>  Association described the actions of British soldiers in Belfast
>  who delayed the rescue of a woman trapped in a lift for over an
>  hour.
>
>  "A home help was visiting an elderly resident when she became
>  trapped in a lift," residents' spokesperson John Leatham said.
>  The alarm was raised immediately and a maintenance worker arrived
>  within 15 minutes.
>
>  "Soldiers occupying the roof refused to allow the workman into
>  the lift room to carry out the repairs necessary to release the
>  trapped woman," said John. "The soldiers were aware that someone
>  was trapped in the lift but still refused access."
>
>  The home help was left trapped for over an hour before the
>  British Army allowed the maintenance worker access to carry out
>  repairs and release the woman.
>
>  Local Sinn Fein Councillor Fra McCann said: "The British Army is
>  clearly engaged in a petty campaign of intimidation and
>  harassment against the residents of Divis Tower. They should as a
>  matter of urgency remove their unwanted and unnecessary
>  installation."
>
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> London Friends back Agreement
>
>
>  The London-based group, Friends of the Good Friday Agreement,
>  held its first major conference on 14 and 15 April at the TUC
>  building in central London, entitled 'Making the Good Friday
>  Agreement Work'. The group, founded by British Labour MPs Kevin
>  McNamara, Maria Fyffe and John McDonnell, called the conference
>  to coincide with the second anniversary of the signing of the
>  Agreement and invited key players from all pro-Agreement parties
>  in the Six Counties and the British government. Representing Sinn
>  Fein at the condference were Assembly members Alex Maskey and
>  Mitchel McLaughlin.
>
>  In the opening plenary, Alex Maskey, referring to the broad
>  conference themes of inclusivity, trust and confidence, told the
>  audience of the problems in building trust between the
>  protagonists to the conflict.
>
>  "People have to recognise that there is no trust. You can't have
>  30 years of conflict and, from a nationalist and republican
>  perspective, many decades of unionist misrule before that and
>  have trust. Whatever way you look at it, there was a very
>  unstable society which led to a conflict. So how could you have
>  trust?
>
>  "We had an agreement which brought parties into government that
>  had been implacably opposed to each other for many years," he
>  said, an agreement which has now effectively been set to one
>  side. One of the issues that has dogged the Agreement for the
>  past two years, apart from decommissioning, said Maskey, has been
>  "the need to facilitate David Trimble.
>
>  "I have to say that the supposed weakness of David Trimble has
>  actually been a very strong negotiating tactic. This weakness --
>  whether it is real or perceived I'm not sure -- has been used to
>  dilute the Good Friday Agreement right through the process."
>
>  In a workshop entitled "Emergency and Criminal Justice: Who Owns
>  the Law?" Garvaghy Road residents' spokesperson Breandan Mac
>  Cionnaith and human rights activist Paul May provided an overview
>  of the history of emergency legislation and an update of the
>  situation in Portadown. The prospects for the coming marching
>  season were discussed, particularly in view of the British
>  government's recent suggestion that it may bring forward its new
>  human rights legislation -- due to come into force in October -- in
>  order to enable an Orange march down the Garvaghy Road in July.
>
>  Mac Cionnaith told the audience that a state of emergency had in
>  effect operated in the Six Counties since partition because of
>  the draconian legislation introduced by successive British
>  governments, legislation which had also been systematically
>  abused in order to harass the nationalist community.
>
>  "Quite clearly, in the Six Counties, the law was the property of
>  the unionist community," he said. "It was controlled and
>  implemented by a unionist police force and judicial system. With
>  the Good Friday Agreement, tentative steps are being taken
>  towards reform of the judicial system in the North, but I have to
>  ask; will even those tentative reforms be implemented?
>
>  "The summary of the criminal justice review states that the
>  targets set out in the review are subject to the political
>  process. That is not how human rights are protected. Human rights
>  should be above and beyond whatever political structures are set
>  up in the North of Ireland. They should not be subject to the
>  political vagaries of the process. And it is also a contradiction
>  for the commission to set out these protections as part of their
>  remit, when the emergency legislation which already exists,
>  rather than being dismantled, is actually being reinforced [with
>  the new Terrorism Bill] to a more severe degree than has existed
>  in the last 30 years."
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> History:  The Battle of Mount Street Bridge
>
>
>  Among the tales of tragic deaths during Easter week 1916 there
>  are has many stories of heroism and miraculous escapes, feats of
>  endurance and unwavering spirit. The events around the GPO in
>  O'Connell Street are well known and well documented. The events
>  in the outlining outposts dotted around Dublin and in the areas
>  of activities in the other counties are not as well known. The
>  heroic spirit of the 1916 Rising is captured in the experiences
>  of one man, Joe Clarke.
>
>  On Easter Monday, after Eamonn de Valera led his contingent of
>  Volunteers into Boland's Bakery, a number of Volunteers were sent
>  out to secure the approach road from Dun Laoghaire and to stall
>  the anticipated British reinforcements who would disembark there
>  and head towards the city centre.
>
>  The 17 Volunteers in the outposts were distributed around the
>  Mount Street Bridge area as follows: the Parochial Hall was held
>  by four Volunteers, 25 Northumberland Road had four Volunteers
>  initially, though two were sent home for being to young,
>  Clanwilliam House was occupied by seven Volunteers and there were
>  two Volunteers in the Schoolhouse. A female dispatcher brought
>  news on Wednesday of nearly 2,000 having landed in Dun Laoghaire
>  and that the 7th Battalion Sherwood Foresters were heading
>  towards them.
>
>  The reinforcement column met its first resistance when it paused
>  at Carisbrook House near Jury's Hotel today. They responded to
>  sniper fire by riddling the house, though it didn't contain any
>  Volunteers. The column was thus alerted that the Volunteers were
>  in the area. They had gone more than 500 yards further when they
>  came under sustained fire from the two Volunteers in 25
>  Northumberland Road. It took five hours of sustained firing to
>  dislodge the defenders. Ten British soldiers fell at the first
>  volley. Volunteers in the other outposts close by also began
>  picking off the attackers who were and remained exposed to their
>  fire.
>
>  Finally, the house was rushed and Volunteer Lieutenant Michael
>  Malone was shot dead as "he coolly came down the stairs to meet
>  them, his pipe in his mouth". The other Volunteer in the house,
>  Section Commander James Grace, succeeded in secreting himself
>  behind a cooker and after several hours escaped from the area. He
>  was arrested some days later.
>
>  While the British soldiers attacked 25 Northumberland Road, they
>  also moved against the Schoolhouse and the Parochial Hall. The
>  Volunteers in both continued a fierce firefight until flames
>  drove them from their stations. Sceilig (J.J. O'Kelly) describes
>  the scene in Dublin's Fighting Story:
>
>  "The Parochial Hall, lying between 25 Northumberland Road and
>  Clanwilliam House, was held by four men: P.J. Doyle in command,
>  Joe Clarke, William Christian and J. McGrath. Standing well back
>  from the footpath on the Sherwood Foresters' line of march, it
>  had advantages and disadvantages. Though it afforded no view of
>  the advancing troops, the four defenders poured volley after
>  volley into them whenever they attempted to dash or to crawl past
>  it, thus halting them until they were shot down by the marksmen
>  of Clanwilliam.
>
>  "As in the case of the more advanced post, no aid, no message
>  reached them from Boland's Bakery. Withal, they held out until
>  six o'clock on Wednesday. Having fired their last shot while
>  their being assailed with a very inferno of bombs, as well as
>  revolver and rifle fire at close range, they retreated by the
>  back to Percy Place. Here they were intercepted and seized by
>  British troops, now practically in possession of all approaches
>  and exits.
>
>  "Joe Clarke, on being searched, was found in possession of his
>  revolver, and placed with his back to a door, hands up. With his
>  own revolver he was fired on, the bullet piercing the door just
>  above his head.
>
>  "Immediately, the door was thrown open, an indignant doctor
>  rushed out, having narrowly escaped being shot as he attended one
>  of a yardful of wounded British soldiers; and after an almost
>  miraculous escape, Joe was led away, his hands bound behind his
>  back."
>
>  The fight at Clanwillaim House continued as British soldiers
>  tried in vain to cross Mount Street Bridge:
>
>  "The rebels poured fire into the troops with devastating effect --
>  as one soldier was killed, another crawled over or around him,
>  only to be halted himself. The entrance to the bridge became a
>  mass of dead and wounded soldiers. Again and again, an officer
>  would step up and lead a few men in a charge over the bridge. And
>  again and again, they would be shot down, falling to join the
>  heap of bodies on the bridge."
>
>  When eventually the house was engulfed in flames and with their
>  ammunition expired, the surviving four Volunteers escaped over
>  the back wall. When the final charge came, one officer threw a
>  grenade at one of the remaining intact windows; it bounced back
>  and exploded, killing him.
>
>  Joe and his comrades from the other outposts were first brought
>  to Ladd Lane Barracks, before joining the other captured
>  Volunteers and later those who'd surrendered, when being
>  transported to British jails to serve their sentence or to be
>  interned. Joe was first held in Wakefield Prison, before being
>  transferred to Frongoch in Wales. Similar to others, who were
>  interned, mainly in the Frongoch Concentration Camp, Joe returned
>  to Ireland more resolute than ever. Though a father of three and
>  needing to help provide for them, he rejoined the struggle and
>  submerged himself in IRA activities in his native county.
>
>  Up to 250 British soldiers were killed or wounded and their
>  morale shattered by the gallant band of Volunteers around Mount
>  Street and their advance was delayed by a day. Four Volunteers
>  lost their lives in the battle, which raged over the two days:
>  Michael Malone, Dick Murphy, George Reynolds and Patrick Doyle.
>  Five others escaped arrest, while four were captured, including
>  north County Dublin man Joe Clarke.
>
>  Joe Clarke was to remain active for seven decades in promoting
>  and fighting for The Republic he declared along with the other
>  Volunteers in 1916 and which he fought for at the Battle of Mount
>  Street Bridge during the Easter Rising 84 years ago this week.
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> >>>>>> Analysis: The next steps
>
>  by Des Wilson (for the Irish People)
>
>
>  If decent political parties negotiate with a British
>  administration again, what can they negotiate about?
>
>  There seems little use in making an agreement with a British
>  administration or with British Unionists in Ireland, because they
>  do not keep agreements. Of course if a new agreement is made
>  which contains very clear and very severe penalties for not
>  keeping it, then a new agreement would make some sense provided
>  there is an international body able and willing to force the
>  British administration and its Irish supporters to keep their
>  word.
>
>  Another approach would be to keep on demanding that the British
>  administration and its supporters in Ireland keep the agreement
>  they have already made.
>
>  The second of these approaches has some advantages. One is that
>  the British administration would be forced to do its duty and
>  create equality and reasonably fair administration in Ireland
>  against the wishes of their Irish supporters. Another is -- and
>  this is of vital importance -- that the damage the British
>  administration has done to international trust and peacekeeping
>  would to some extent be remedied.
>
>  From the date of the British administration's refusal to fulfil
>  its international obligations in Ireland, no European state can
>  presume that international agreements have to be kept.
>
>  So it is in the interests not only of Ireland but of Britain and
>  Europe that the British administration be forced to keep that
>  Good Friday Agreement. Otherwise, international relations are
>  thrown back to the worst days of gunboat diplomacy, when a
>  British administration could enforce its will against all laws of
>  international decency by simply sending a gunboat to intimidate
>  the people of any country. The international community needs to
>  take note of what has happened in Ireland. Otherwise it can make
>  laws until it is red, white, and blue in the face, and a British
>  administration will not keep them.
>
>  So which of the possibilities do we choose -- negotiate a new
>  agreement (which the British administration will not keep), or
>  force the British administration to keep the Irish agreement it
>  has already made?
>
>  If we negotiate at all, it can be in one of two ways. One way is
>  to put all proposed solutions on the table, those of republicans,
>  nationalists, loyalists, Unionists, and others, with the London
>  proposals for control from London as only one of several
>  possibilities. Another is to negotiate only about when and how
>  the London administration is going to get out and stop preventing
>  the normal development of Ireland's northeast.
>
>  If it were possible, the second of these would be the first
>  choice of democrats, but we have to remember of course that in
>  Mr. Blair's regime the Lloyd George threat of "immediate and
>  terrible war" is still there -- it hasn't gone away, you know --
>  and any new agreement will have to take the risk of gunboats up
>  the Lough.
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> c.  RM Distribution and others.  Articles may be reprinted with credit.
>
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