IRAQ SANCTIONS MONITOR Number 202
Friday, February 02, 2001

The Monitor is produced each week day by the Mariam Appeal.
www.mariamappeal.com
__________________________________________________

FOR ALL THE LATEST NEWS AND VIEWS ON IRAQ VISIT THE
ORIENT MAGAZINE WEBSITE. www.orientmagazine.co.uk
Constantly updated news, 24 hours a day, seven days a week,
on Iraq.
__________________________________________________

CNN, in its anniversary coverage of the Gulf War, is conducting a poll on
whether sanctions should remain or be removed. It is presently running at
over 50% in favour of the status quo. ISM subscribers may like to cast their
votes on: http://www.cnn.com/2001/US/01/16/gulf.anniversary/index.html
________________________________________________________

Hussein remakes his image in the Arab world. Iraqi leader's
doctors treat Palestinians injured in the intifada, and he . gives
money to their families.

>From CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR, February 2nd, 2001

In early October, as graduate student Aladdin Salim hurled
stones at Israeli troops during a demonstration in the Gaza Strip,
the soldiers fired some sort of explosive ammunition at the back
of his legs.

Iraqi surgeons have treated the burly Palestinian, and last Friday,
leaning heavily on his cane, he stepped out of a rehabilitation
ward at Saddam Medical City to begin his return to Gaza.

Iraqi President Saddam Hussein has provided free medical care
to the Palestinians most severely injured in their four-month-old
uprising against Israel, but there is a quid pro quo. The
Palestinian patients themselves are the instruments of Mr.
Hussein's program for rehabilitating his standing in the Arab
world.

In contrast to other Arab leaders, Hussein has backed up tough
rhetoric with concrete action in support of the Palestinians. He is
reinforcing his image as the lone Arab leader who walks the
walk in confronting Israel and the US.

As Hussein works to strengthen ties among Arab nations, his
pro-Palestinian stance gives him street credibility among Arabs
that no other leader shares.

Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank increasingly carry
Hussein's picture at demonstrations against Israel.

Arab leaders have been unanimous in their denunciations of
Israel's reaction to the uprising, or intifada, but some Palestinian
officials have complained about a lack of concrete support.
Meeting in Cairo last October, the 22-member Arab League
established two funds, worth a combined $1 billion, to benefit
those injured in the intifada and the families of those killed, and
to fund programs aimed at shoring up the Islamic identity of
Jerusalem.

The problem for the Palestinians and particularly for the officials
of the Palestinian Authority, is that no one has shown them any
money. "We have received nothing from the $1 billion in funds
that were approved by the Arab League in Cairo," says Sa'di
Al-Krunz, minister of industry in the Palestinian Authority.

That is because the funds were never intended to be handed
over to the Palestinian Authority, according to Abdurrahman
Sehebani, a senior economic official at the Arab League
headquarters in Cairo. Contributions from Arab-League member
states are being deposited at the Islamic Development Bank in
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, while a committee of the Arab League
decides how to spend the money.

So far, League members have made pledges totaling $693
million, of which $285 million has actually been committed to the
two funds, Mr. Sehebani says.

Iraq did not make pledges to these funds, choosing to offer its
support in other ways, and that is a major reason why Hussein
stands out. "Iraq is the only Arab country which is sincere in its
commitments to support Palestinian people during the intifada
and to fulfill these commitments on the ground," says Mr.
Al-Krunz.

Like many other countries, Iraq has provided medical assistance
to the injured. But an Iraqi-backed party in the Palestinian
territories has also made $10,000 grants to the families of every
Palestinian killed in the intifada and lesser gifts to those injured.

Hussein is also asking the UN, which oversees Iraq's oil sales
in order to fund humanitarian programs here, to spend 1 billion
euros ($940 million) to help the Palestinians instead. Britain and
the US, the chief enforcers of a decade-old embargo of Iraq,
have refused, saying the oil money should benefit Iraqis.

Hussein has even offered to attack Israel if an Arab country
would simply offer his troops adequate space on one of Israel's
borders. At various times in the past four months, he has moved
troops close to Iraq's border with Syria, where they would
presumably be available to assist if a confrontation with Israel
occurred.

Judith Yaphe, an Iraq specialist at the National Defense
University in Washington, says these threats should not be taken
too seriously. "It's rhetoric; it's PR," she says. "It shows he's the
only Arab leader willing to stand up and fight the US and Israel."

For one thing, an attack on Israel would inevitably disclose Iraq's
military capabilities - exactly the thing Hussein has been
shielding from UN inspectors since the end of the Gulf War.

Iraq has long been an enemy of Israel - the country has never
signed a cease-fire with the Jewish state - but the Gulf War
banded Palestinians and Iraq more tightly together. Palestinian
leader Yasser Arafat chose to support Hussein instead of the
US-led coalition that came together to evict Iraqi invaders from
Kuwait.

Many Palestinians cheered when Iraq fired Scud missiles into
Israel during the war, elated that an Arab leader was confronting
Israel militarily for the first time in nearly two decades.

This shared history is on display in the Palestinians' ward in
Baghdad. The patients' rooms feature a framed picture of Mr.
Arafat and Hussein - both in military uniform - striking a cheery,
victorious pose.

The sense that Palestinians and Iraqis share a common enemy
is palpable in the ward, and that enemy isn't necessarily Israel.
Salim, a postgraduate student in microbiology, decries the US
role here and in his homeland. The Israeli weapons say "Made
in the USA," he asserts. "How can those people who ... give
weapons to Israel make the peace?" And he has a question
about the US-led embargo of Iraq: "How are the children of Iraq
guilty that they should suffer under sanctions for 10 years?"

_________________________________________________

US State Secretary Powell signals caution in Mideast
peacemaking 

  Washington, Feb 02, 2001 (FWN Financial via COMTEX) --
Signaling a cautious approach, Secretary of State Colin Powell
said the Bush administration will "watch carefully" what happens
in the Middle East peace process and in Tuesday's election in
Israel for prime minister before making a judgment on a U.S.
role. While declining to be drawn into comparisons with the
Clinton administration, Powell on Thursday indicated a more
deliberate approach on  peacemaking between Israel and the
Arabs. 

 "I am of a view you can't just concentrate on one thing. There are
just many things going on at the same time," he told reporters at
the State Department.

 For example, Powell said he was "mindful" of the problems in
Africa, in Congo, for instance.

 In Israel, Prime Minister Ehud Barak faces Likud leader Ariel
Sharon in an election that could replace the dovish Barak with
the more militant Sharon.

 "I think, of course, we have to look at the (Persian) Gulf and
especially Iraq," Powell said. "Those things come to mind."

 Denouncing Iraq as a threat to "the children of the region,"
Powell said the Bush administration intends to hold Baghdad to
its promise to get rid of its weapons of mass destruction.

 "They are threatening their neighbors," Powell said as he
provided some clues to the new administration's approach to
foreign policy issues.

 "Iraq is a problem for its own people," he said. "I think we have
to keep reminding everybody that this is an arms control
problem." 

 Meanwhile, the Bush administration is giving Iraqi opposition
groups permission to use U.S. funds for their activities inside the
country, The Washington Post reported in Friday editions.

 The decision means the Iraqi National Congress, an
organizational body for groups opposed to the Iraqi government,
can use $4 million set aside by Congress in September for
gathering information relating to Iraqi war crimes, military
operations and other internal developments, the Post said.

 Some of the money has already been used by the Iraqi National
Congress for logistics and training outside Iraq, but now it can
also be used by opposition groups for operations inside the
country, the Post said. That has been impossible since the
United States cut off similar financial support five years ago.

 At the end of the Persian Gulf War in 1991, which reversed Iraqi
President Saddam Hussein's annexation of Kuwait, Iraq
promised to eliminate its weapons of mass
destruction--chemical, biological and nuclear.

 Subsequently, it managed to limit U.N. weapons inspections,
although the United States is using other means to try to monitor
Iraq's activities. 

 Powell, who was chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff during the
war, said Iraq is now unable to threaten its neighbors with
conventional weapons so it is trying to gain strength with
weapons of mass destruction.

 "They made a commitment to do away with these weapons, and
I think that the international community and the United Nations
have to hold them to that commitment," he told reporters in a visit
to the press area of the State Department.

 Touching on how the new administration was organizing itself to
deal with foreign policy issues, Powell said, "We've established
a system where we will have working groups, chaired by the
State Department." 

 "Surely we will look at any region that requires looking at in
particular," he said. Africa is the topic of one such group, Powell
said. 

 Also, Powell said, "I want to begin working closely with our
European allies and our friends in Asia, as well."

 "I am trying to reach out as much as I can and convey a
message of openness and American interests in these
regions," he said. 

__________________________________________________

UN sanctions resulted in massive loss of life in Iraq.

UNITED NATIONS, February 2 (Itar-Tass) - Ten years of
sanctions, imposed on Iraq by the world community after the
Persian Gulf war, have brought about the death of 1.5 million
people, mostly children. This information is contained in a report,
submitted by the Iraqi government to the U.N. Secretary-General,
which is entitled "The impact of the current embargo on Iraqi
children." The authors of the report quote the results of the study,
made by U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF), whose experts came to
the conclusion that the mortality rate among children under five
in the densely populated areas of Iraq is twice as high, as the
similar figure, registered ten years ago.

Polluted water, the absence of high-quality foodstuffs and of
medical supplies in public health centres are mentioned in the
report as the main reasons for the growth of infant mortality rate.
During the period of sanctions Iraq was moved from comparative
wellbeing to widely spread poverty, the report said.

In the opinion of the Iraqi leaders, this is flagrant violation of the
norms of international humanitarian law. In this connection
Baghdad demanded the payment of compensation to the Iraqi
children for direct and indirect damage, inflicted on them as a
result of the preservation of embargo and the continuing
aggression on the part of the United States and Britain.

_________________________________________________

Iraqi Foes To Get Aid From U.S.

>From WASHINGTON POST, February 2nd, 2001

The Bush administration has given Iraqi opposition groups
permission to resume their activities inside Iraq with American
funding, marking the first substantial move by the Bush White
House to confront Iraqi President Saddam Hussein.

By giving the go-ahead this week to a program with the
benign-sounding purpose of "collection of informational
materials in Iraq," Bush officials moved beyond the policy of the
Clinton administration, which harbored deep reservations about
the Iraqi opposition.

The decision allows the Iraqi National Congress, an umbrella
organization for groups opposed to Hussein's government, to
draw from $4 million set aside by Congress in September for
gathering information relating to Iraqi war crimes, military
operations and other internal developments. Some of the money
has already been used by the London-based INC for logistics
and training outside Iraq. But this week's decision frees up
funding for opposition operations inside the country for the first
time since the United States cut off similar financial support five
years ago.

"We're saying to the INC, you're beyond the organizational
phase," a State Department official said yesterday. "Now do
something." The move to send U.S.-funded activists back into
Iraq comes at time when top administration officials, including
Vice President Cheney, Secretary of State Colin L. Powell and
Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld, have been trying to
thrash out their strong -- and divergent opinions -- on how best to
confront Hussein.

State Department officials said the decision to order the
Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control to issue
a license for spending the money inside Iraq -- which is required
because of the economic sanctions on the country -- moves U.S.
policy across a significant threshold.

But these officials said the initiative does not yet reflect a
wholesale reappraisal of Iraq policy. While more vigorous
backing for the opposition has been endorsed by some --
including Cheney and Rumsfeld -- Powell and others have been
more reticent in offering support, speaking primarily about
reinvigorating the economic sanctions as a means to deter
Iraq's weapons program. President Bush met at the White
House on Tuesday with his top national security officials,
discussing in particular Iraq policy.

A senior State Department official said yesterday that the
administration is seeking to develop a policy that combines
support for the Iraqi opposition with maintaining the economic
sanctions that were imposed after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in
1990.

In remarks to reporters at the State Department yesterday,
Powell said he had not determined whether it would be realistic
ultimately to remove Hussein by funding opposition groups. "Iraq
is a problem for its own people," Powell said.

He said his focus would remain on Hussein's refusal to
cooperate with United Nations weapons inspectors. "I think we
have to keep reminding everybody that this is an arms control
problem," Powell said.

But the decision to renew U.S.-funded efforts inside Iraq was
heralded by Ahmed Chalabi, a founding member of the INC, as
"a major reversal" of U.S.

policy. "For the first time ever, the INC has public U.S. funding to
operate in Iraq, and for the first time since 1996 there's any U.S.
support for operating inside Iraq," he said.

The United States had provided covert aid to opposition groups
in the years after the end of the Persian Gulf War in 1991. But
those efforts came to a tumultuous end when Hussein's military
rolled into the U.S.-protected "safe area" of northern Iraq,
rousting the opposition. Critics said the INC's battlefield
performance had revealed it as a paper tiger.

Chalabi said a wide range of anti-government activities are
permitted under the license granted this week. "What we want to
do is bring out political information, information on the state of
Iraq's military and enhance our contacts with our constituency
inside Iraq," he said.

While the opposition is already involved in gathering information,
an adviser to the INC said the funding will allow it to beef up
operations inside Iraq in as little as two weeks. He said the
money could pay for the efforts of about 40 of the group's
members to collect information and shuttle it out of the country.
These activists would work with thousands of sympathizers
inside Iraq, Chalabi said.

A State Department official said funding is limited to the
gathering of information, but the INC could put it to whatever use
the group decides. This could include monitoring violations of
the economic sanctions, providing evidence for any war crimes
prosecution against Iraqi officials and building popular support
for the INC's ultimate goal of overthrowing the Hussein
government.

The application for the license issued this week was put in the
pipeline during the final weeks of the Clinton administration. It
was approved, following consultation between State Department
and National Security Council officials, only after Bush took office
two weeks ago. "It is a step forward but it's not the whole deal," a
senior administration official said.

The INC is still looking for at least two more licenses that would
allow it to broaden efforts further. One application, pending
before the Treasury Department, would permit the group to use
American funds to open a permanent office in northern Iraq,
where it could publish a newspaper and collect intelligence. A
second application that has yet to be filed would allow the INC to
tap another $12 million in approved American funding to
distribute food, medicine and other forms of humanitarian relief
inside government-controlled areas of Iraq.

Administration officials consider each step to be increasingly
ambitious and likely to provoke a violent response from Hussein.

__________________________________________________

Pakistani relief plane leaves for Iraq

  ISLAMABAD, Feb 2 (AFP) - A Pakistani humanitarian flight left for
Baghdad  Friday as a goodwill gesture for the people of Iraq with
United Nations  approval, officials said.
                   
  Health Minister Abdul Malik Kasi, leading a 25-member team of
doctors,  officials and representatives of non-governmental aid
groups, was aboard the  plane.
                   
  The consignment of medical supplies is a "goodwill-cum
humanitarian  gesture" from Pakistan, Kasi said before his
departure.
                   
  The flight, the first from Pakistan since UN sanctions were
imposed on Iraq  10 years ago, was laden with five tonnes of
medicine and surgical items.
                   
  During his two-day stay in Iraq, Kasi said he would meet
President Saddam Hussain and deliver a letter from Pakistani
military ruler General Pervez  Musharraf.
                   
  He would also meet Deputy Prime Minister Tariq Aziz and
health ministry  officials.
                   
  Iraq has been under sanctions linked to disarmament ever
since its August 1990-February 1991 occupation of Kuwait.

_________________________________________________

Iraq: Jordanian, Ukrainian aircraft arrive in Baghdad on 1
February 

 Text of report by Iraqi radio on 1 February

  A delegation of the Jordanian National Mobilization Committee
in Defence of Iraq arrived in Baghdad this evening on board a
Boeing 737. The delegation is headed by Musa al-Hayari.


 The visit by the delegation, which comprises 154 political, trade
unionist, professional, cultural and media figures, is taking place
in a show of solidarity by our Arab people in Jordan with their
Iraqi brothers in the face of the treacherous aggression and
unjust siege.

 In a press statement made upon arrival, Al-Hayari said that the
pan-Arab feeling we have urges us to work constantly, employing
all our energies so that Iraq will resume its normal position as a
prominent Arab power that is essential to the Arab nation.

 He said that Iraq has been and continues to be the first to take
part in the battles of the Arab nation.

 The delegation was received by Sa'd Qasim Hammudi,
secretary general of the Arab Popular Congress, and a number
of officials.

 [Baghdad Republic of Iraq Television in Arabic at 2000 gmt on 1
February reported that a Ukrainian delegation headed by deputy
head of the Ukrainian People's Party arrived at Saddam
International Airport this evening]

__________________________________________________

Baghdad urged to create an environment ministry to counter DU
fears 

  BAGHDAD, Feb 1 (AFP) - Baghdad should establish an
environment ministry to  follow up on the health threats posed by
the use of depleted uranium (DU) in  munitions during the 1991
Gulf War, a newspaper said Thursday.
                   
  "To face up to the catastrophe, either an environment ministry or
a higher authority attached to the presidency should be set up,"
said the weekly  Al-Zaman.
                   
  Baghdad has called for a UN investigation into the effects of the
US and  British use of DU munitions against Iraq during the
six-week Gulf War.
                   
  Baghdad, protesting that cancer rates have quadrupled in
areas of southern  Iraq bombed by the allied forces, has said the
United States and Britain fired  more than 940,000
armour-piercing DU projectiles during the 1991 conflict over
Kuwait.
                   
  In Europe, several countries whose troops served in Yugoslavia
during the 1990s are offering them medical tests following
cancer fears linked to the use of DU munitions in Balkans
conflicts.
                   
  DU emits low levels of radiation, and is so far only considered
to be dangerous if fragments are inhaled or ingested. The
material is used to penetrate armour and concrete bunkers
because it is denser than other metals.

_________________________________________________

Iraqi child hospitalised in US doomed to life in darkness

AMMAN, Feb 1 (AFP) - A seven-year-old Iraqi cancer patient who
symbolises the sufferings of Iraqis under UN sanctions is
doomed to a life in darkness despite treatment in the United
States for the leukemia that caused her blindness.

Maryam Hamza will leave the United States for Jordan on Friday
on her way back to Iraq, a statement by the Bruderhof
Communities, a US non-governmental group campaigning for a
lifting of the UN sanctions, said Thursday.

The group invited Maryam to the United States in August for
medical treatment and she was examined by four eye
specialists.

"Her eyes were carefully evaluated and it was determined that
she had suffered damage to the macular area of her retinas, the
optic nerve and the center of sight in her brain," the statement
said.

"There is no hope for her eyesight to be restored. Maryam has
been condemned to live in darkness because of the cruel and
criminal sanctions imposed on Iraq by the United States through
the United Nations," it said.

"Because the sanctions prohibit the importation by Iraq of the
parts necessary to maintain the equipment used to determine
correct dosages for treating leukemia patients, it is very difficult
for doctors to administer the medicines required to successfully
treat leukemia," the statement said.

"As a result Maryam, an innocent child, became blind," it added.

The United Nations imposed sanctions on Iraq following its
invasion of Kuwait in 1990. The United States, which led an
international coalition in the 1991 Gulf War to liberate the
emirate, spearheads the embargo.

The Iraqi health ministry said in January that the UN embargo
had caused more than 1.3 million deaths over ten years, with the
incidence of leukemia up 17 percent.

Maryam, accompanied by her grandmother and members of the
Bruderhof Communities, arrives Saturday in Amman aboard a
Royal Jordanian flight and will go on to Iraq Tuesday after a
six-month stay in a Pennsylvania hospital.

The Jordanian national carrier offered the child and her
grandmother the round-trip ticket while the US embassy in
Amman helped the pair obtain the necessary visas to enter the
United States in August.

Maryam was blinded by leukemia in 1999 and suffers from a
defective nervous system.

She was spotted in a Baghdad hospital by British MP George
Galloway who arranged for her to travel to Britain for treatment,
but despite initial signs of improvement she suffered a relapse
and was hospitalised again in October 1999 in an Amman
cancer clinic.

Galloway, a maverick member of Britain's governing Labour
party, used the girl's name for the Maryam Appeal Campaign he
established to draw international attention to the health situation
in Iraq.

__________________________________________________

WHO launches appeal for DU research in Iraq and the Balkans

  GENEVA, Feb 1 (AFP) - The World Health Organisation on
Thursday launched an  urgent international appeal for funds for
research into the effects of  depleted uranium (DU) munitions in
Iraq and the Balkans.
                   
  The Geneva-based WHO issued a statement saying it needs
two million dollars (2.14 million euros) over the next six months
to add specialists to its team  for field investigations.
                   
  It also wants to improve monitoring of suspected cases in the
countries  concerned, the WHO said.
                   
  "While experts' current thinking is that the risk from exposure to
DU is low, information is not sufficient for firm conclusions," the
statement said.
                   
  Xavier Leus, the director of emergency activities at the WHO,
told a press conference that more information was needed
urgently.
                   
  "The current state of uncertainty ... and the consequent levels of
widespread speculation that exposure to DU may be
responsible for serious health consequences such as leukemia
... illustrate the need to fill the knowledge gap," Leus added.
                   
  A team of WHO experts visiting Kosovo said Thursday that no
link had been found between a spate of illnesses in
peacekeepers and the use of DU munitions during NATO's
bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999.
                   
  They also said "the presence of plutonium in the depleted
uranium used in Kosovo has not been detected so far by
laboratories analysing samples from DU sites."
                   
  The United States fired around 31,000 rounds of DU in
Yugoslavia, about one third of that amount in Bosnia in 1994 and
1995 and an undisclosed quantity during the Gulf War.
                   
  Depleted uranium, which penetrates heavy armour more
efficiently than conventional metals, has been blamed for
causing cancers in peacekeepers who
served in the Balkans.
                   
__________________________________________________

Iraq claims to have shot down US warplane last month

  BAGHDAD, Feb 1 (AFP) - Iraqi television reported Thursday that
a US fighter plane had been shot down by an anti-aircraft missile
over the south of the  country last month.
                   
  Footage was shown of the launch of a missile and what was
said to be the US  target, followed by aircraft gunners celebrating
and shouting "we shot it  down; we shot it down".
                   
  The state-run station quoted an unidentified military
spokesman saying: "Despite Pentagon denials, our valiant
soldiers in anti-aircraft units are resisting the planes of
aggression and shot one down over the south on January  21."
                   
  However, Iraq has made several similar claims in the past that
American and  British officials have always denied.
                   
  US and British warplanes daily patrol the north and south of
Iraq to enforce zone restrictions imposed after the 1991 Gulf war
leading to frequent clashes.
                   
  Baghdad does not recognize the no-fly zones and regularly
reports civilian deaths and injuries.
                   
  Iraq says 323 people have been killed and nearly 1,000 injured
in the two years since a US-British bombing campaign in
December 1998.
                   
  Baghdad said a January 20 raid killed six civilians.

_________________________________________________

Kuwaiti MP calls for lifting Iraq embargo

 Text of report in English by Jordanian news agency Petra web
site Amman, 1 February: Prime Minister Ali Abu-al-Raghib on
Thursday [1 February] said Jordan supports Kuwait's sovereignty
over its territories exactly the way it backs up the territorial
integrity of Iraq, noting to the kingdom's keenness to set up
balanced relations with Arab brethren apart from coalitions and
blocs.

 The premier's remarks came during his meeting with the
Kuwaiti parliamentary delegation headed by Chairman of
Foreign Relations Committee at Kuwait's parliament
Muhammad Jasim Saqr. He stressed the kingdom's principled
stance towards the need to respect the sovereignty of each Arab
country and not to interfere in other countries' affairs.

 Talks during the meeting centred on Jordanian-Kuwaiti relations
and means to further bolster them in all fields to best serve the
two countries' interests.

 On his part, Saqr said the delegation's current visit to the
kingdom aims at cementing ties further between Kuwaiti
Ummah Council (parliament) [National Assembly] and Arab
parliaments and finding a mutual vision to promote Arab
integrity.

 "We in Kuwait call for lifting embargo imposed on the Iraqi
people and we want Iraqis to receive a better human treatment to
cope with the age changes and technological revolution," he
pointed out.

 The Kuwaiti delegation, which arrived late Tuesday as part of its
regional tour that has already taken it to Tunisia and Syria, is
expected to leave Jordan Friday after a three-day visit.



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