Hmm... That's odd, the comma is in the book. However, removing the space as Philippe pointed out made a difference. However, it's just a different error.

I seem to be missing libgcc.so, libgcc_s.so, and libgcc_s.a.

libgcc.a is there.

New dummy.log attached, but at this point, I suspect I made an error in a previous step, and less hair tearing will result from starting over than trying to track it down.

Mike McCarty wrote:
Doug Downham wrote:
In section 6.10, using version 6.5 of the LFS book, I've encountered a
strange error.

When I create dummy.c and run 'cc dummy.c -v -Wl, --verbose &>
dummy.log', a.out is not produced.  dummy.log says

If this is exactly the command, then you need to get the comma out.

Mike
Reading specs from /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/specs
Target: i686-pc-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../gcc-4.4.1/configure --prefix=/tools --with-local-prefix=/tools --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-multilib --disable-bootstrap
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.1 (GCC) 
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic'
 /tools/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/cc1 -quiet -v -isystem /usr/include dummy.c -quiet -dumpbase dummy.c -mtune=generic -auxbase dummy -version -o /tmp/ccaTnuv4.s
ignoring nonexistent directory "/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 /usr/include
 /tools/include
 /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/include
 /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/include-fixed
End of search list.
GNU C (GCC) version 4.4.1 (i686-pc-linux-gnu)
	compiled by GNU C version 4.4.1, GMP version 4.3.1, MPFR version 2.4.1.
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=98 --param ggc-min-heapsize=128323
Compiler executable checksum: 36e6e989ae4c2287b42c75cc0729bab6
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic'
 /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/bin/as -V -Qy -o /tmp/ccW0DZHZ.o /tmp/ccaTnuv4.s
GNU assembler version 2.19.1 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) using BFD version (GNU Binutils) 2.19.1
COMPILER_PATH=/tools/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/:/tools/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/:/tools/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/:/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/:/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/:/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/:/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic'
 /tools/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_i386 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 /usr/lib/crt1.o /usr/lib/crti.o /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/crtbegin.o -L/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1 -L/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib /tmp/ccW0DZHZ.o --verbose -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/crtend.o /usr/lib/crtn.o
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.19.1
  Supported emulations:
   elf_i386
   i386linux
using internal linker script:
==================================================
/* Script for -z combreloc: combine and sort reloc sections */
OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-i386", "elf32-i386",
	      "elf32-i386")
OUTPUT_ARCH(i386)
ENTRY(_start)
SEARCH_DIR("/tools/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("/lib");
SECTIONS
{
  /* Read-only sections, merged into text segment: */
  PROVIDE (__executable_start = 0x08048000); . = 0x08048000 + SIZEOF_HEADERS;
  .interp         : { *(.interp) }
  .note.gnu.build-id : { *(.note.gnu.build-id) }
  .hash           : { *(.hash) }
  .gnu.hash       : { *(.gnu.hash) }
  .dynsym         : { *(.dynsym) }
  .dynstr         : { *(.dynstr) }
  .gnu.version    : { *(.gnu.version) }
  .gnu.version_d  : { *(.gnu.version_d) }
  .gnu.version_r  : { *(.gnu.version_r) }
  .rel.dyn        :
    {
      *(.rel.init)
      *(.rel.text .rel.text.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
      *(.rel.fini)
      *(.rel.rodata .rel.rodata.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.r.*)
      *(.rel.data.rel.ro* .rel.gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.*)
      *(.rel.data .rel.data.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.d.*)
      *(.rel.tdata .rel.tdata.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.td.*)
      *(.rel.tbss .rel.tbss.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.tb.*)
      *(.rel.ctors)
      *(.rel.dtors)
      *(.rel.got)
      *(.rel.bss .rel.bss.* .rel.gnu.linkonce.b.*)
    }
  .rela.dyn       :
    {
      *(.rela.init)
      *(.rela.text .rela.text.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
      *(.rela.fini)
      *(.rela.rodata .rela.rodata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.r.*)
      *(.rela.data .rela.data.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.d.*)
      *(.rela.tdata .rela.tdata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.td.*)
      *(.rela.tbss .rela.tbss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.tb.*)
      *(.rela.ctors)
      *(.rela.dtors)
      *(.rela.got)
      *(.rela.bss .rela.bss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.b.*)
    }
  .rel.plt        : { *(.rel.plt) }
  .rela.plt       : { *(.rela.plt) }
  .init           :
  {
    KEEP (*(.init))
  } =0x90909090
  .plt            : { *(.plt) }
  .text           :
  {
    *(.text .stub .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)
    /* .gnu.warning sections are handled specially by elf32.em.  */
    *(.gnu.warning)
  } =0x90909090
  .fini           :
  {
    KEEP (*(.fini))
  } =0x90909090
  PROVIDE (__etext = .);
  PROVIDE (_etext = .);
  PROVIDE (etext = .);
  .rodata         : { *(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r.*) }
  .rodata1        : { *(.rodata1) }
  .eh_frame_hdr : { *(.eh_frame_hdr) }
  .eh_frame       : ONLY_IF_RO { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) }
  .gcc_except_table   : ONLY_IF_RO { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) }
  /* Adjust the address for the data segment.  We want to adjust up to
     the same address within the page on the next page up.  */
  . = ALIGN (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE)) - ((CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE) - .) & (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE) - 1)); . = DATA_SEGMENT_ALIGN (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE), CONSTANT (COMMONPAGESIZE));
  /* Exception handling  */
  .eh_frame       : ONLY_IF_RW { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) }
  .gcc_except_table   : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) }
  /* Thread Local Storage sections  */
  .tdata	  : { *(.tdata .tdata.* .gnu.linkonce.td.*) }
  .tbss		  : { *(.tbss .tbss.* .gnu.linkonce.tb.*) *(.tcommon) }
  .preinit_array     :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
  }
  .init_array     :
  {
     PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
     KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
     KEEP (*(.init_array))
     PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
  }
  .fini_array     :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(.fini_array))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
  }
  .ctors          :
  {
    /* gcc uses crtbegin.o to find the start of
       the constructors, so we make sure it is
       first.  Because this is a wildcard, it
       doesn't matter if the user does not
       actually link against crtbegin.o; the
       linker won't look for a file to match a
       wildcard.  The wildcard also means that it
       doesn't matter which directory crtbegin.o
       is in.  */
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors))
    KEEP (*crtbegin?.o(.ctors))
    /* We don't want to include the .ctor section from
       the crtend.o file until after the sorted ctors.
       The .ctor section from the crtend file contains the
       end of ctors marker and it must be last */
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o *crtend?.o ) .ctors))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
    KEEP (*(.ctors))
  }
  .dtors          :
  {
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
    KEEP (*crtbegin?.o(.dtors))
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o *crtend?.o ) .dtors))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
    KEEP (*(.dtors))
  }
  .jcr            : { KEEP (*(.jcr)) }
  .data.rel.ro : { *(.data.rel.ro.local* .gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.local.*) *(.data.rel.ro* .gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.*) }
  .dynamic        : { *(.dynamic) }
  .got            : { *(.got) }
  . = DATA_SEGMENT_RELRO_END (12, .);
  .got.plt        : { *(.got.plt) }
  .data           :
  {
    *(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)
    SORT(CONSTRUCTORS)
  }
  .data1          : { *(.data1) }
  _edata = .; PROVIDE (edata = .);
  __bss_start = .;
  .bss            :
  {
   *(.dynbss)
   *(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)
   *(COMMON)
   /* Align here to ensure that the .bss section occupies space up to
      _end.  Align after .bss to ensure correct alignment even if the
      .bss section disappears because there are no input sections.
      FIXME: Why do we need it? When there is no .bss section, we don't
      pad the .data section.  */
   . = ALIGN(. != 0 ? 32 / 8 : 1);
  }
  . = ALIGN(32 / 8);
  . = ALIGN(32 / 8);
  _end = .; PROVIDE (end = .);
  . = DATA_SEGMENT_END (.);
  /* Stabs debugging sections.  */
  .stab          0 : { *(.stab) }
  .stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }
  .stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
  .stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
  .stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }
  .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
  .comment       0 : { *(.comment) }
  /* DWARF debug sections.
     Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
     of the section so we begin them at 0.  */
  /* DWARF 1 */
  .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
  .line           0 : { *(.line) }
  /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
  .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
  .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
  /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
  .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
  .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
  /* DWARF 2 */
  .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }
  .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
  .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
  .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
  .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
  .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
  .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
  /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */
  .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
  .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
  .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
  .debug_varnames  0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
  /* DWARF 3 */
  .debug_pubtypes 0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
  .debug_ranges   0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
  .gnu.attributes 0 : { KEEP (*(.gnu.attributes)) }
  /DISCARD/ : { *(.note.GNU-stack) *(.gnu_debuglink) }
}


==================================================
attempt to open /usr/lib/crt1.o succeeded
/usr/lib/crt1.o
attempt to open /usr/lib/crti.o succeeded
/usr/lib/crti.o
attempt to open /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/crtbegin.o succeeded
/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/crtbegin.o
attempt to open /tmp/ccW0DZHZ.o succeeded
/tmp/ccW0DZHZ.o
attempt to open /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/libgcc.so failed
attempt to open /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/libgcc.a succeeded
attempt to open /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /tools/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /tools/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /usr/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /usr/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /lib/libgcc_s.a failed/tools/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

-- 
http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support
FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html
Unsubscribe: See the above information page

Reply via email to