The relative insignifance of a single vote is in part why the chronically 
pejorative use of "spoiler" and "wasted vote" by the pundits is so pernicious.  
But in addition to the proportionate insignificance of a single vote and the 
vexing problem of vote fraud, there is the probably more ubiquitous problem of 
human fallibility.
   
  In 2004, a Democrat was elected governor in Washington State by a 133 vote 
margin.  In the course of the SECOND "HAND" RECOUNT one of the counties found 
about 670 absentee ballots that had been inadvertently stuck in a drawer and 
not counted the first two times.  In the end, after a brief court battle, those 
ballots were NOT COUNTED!  On balance, it may not have mattered, as the 
Democrat carried that county anyway.
   
  But the point is the election system itself simply cannot guarantee that ANY 
vote will make the difference, because no system is that perfect.
   
  But that still leaves us with the problem of fighting a myth, that a single 
vote DOES count, and votes for third party candidates are wasted.  
   
  Having given considerable thought to this problem I have come to the 
conclusion that the point of leverage is in public opinion research.  After 
all, if a single vote is generally inconsequential the question becomes why we 
go through this charade of elections in the first place.  Answer:  At least it 
is more reliable than a poll based on a sample of 500; but in the final 
analysis, not much.  But the public is trained -- yes, "trained" -- to think in 
terms of nothing but "red" or "blue,"  "this" or "that."  
   
  Think about this.  How often does Rasmussen or Zogby or any of the others 
report on third party races?  Check the polls in your local area.  Notice how 
many even ASK about third party candidates.  Even more telling, how often do 
these reports couch anything in terms other than than "left" or "right", 
"liberal" or "conservative?"
   
  Once you have come to the conclusion that there really isn't much out there 
to address these questions, think about what the media reports, and how it 
chooses to report what it does report.  Obviously, the media is very interested 
in public opinion, because it is in the business of selling an audience to 
advertisers.  
   
  And what resources does the media rely on to gauge those demographics?  They 
don't just wait for the national pollsters to send them a news release.  Call 
your local TV station and ask if they ever pay for public opinion polls to aid 
in their coverage of political campaign seasons.  Chances are the answer will 
be yes.
   
  Bear in mind that a bi-variate political typology (plotting economic issues 
against social issues--e.g., the Nolan Chart) is now generally accepted among 
political academia, and is regularly taught in introductory college political 
theory classes.  This means, according to prevailing political theory, EVERY 
public opinion poll based on the traditional single variable spectrum is 
inherently invalid, because it fails to recognize a necessary variable.
   
  It also means that the polls upon which the media decides who should be 
invited to televised debates (POLLS THAT THEY TYPICALLY PAY FOR!) are biased in 
favor of issuing two invitations only.  They need somebody on the "right" and 
somebody on the "left."  Have you ever noticed in the televised debates that 
the Democrat usually shows up on the left side of your screen and the 
Republican on the right?
   
  So, while it is patently obvious to anybody who thinks it through that an 
individual vote is pretty worthless, the establishment continues to perpetrate 
the SUPERSTITION that it does.  And the reason it does is because its easy to 
think about, and because that is where the money is.
   
  The Ds and Rs love it.  They get not only to find things out, but also to 
spread a vicious myth -- its THEM or US and those wing nuts in the margins do 
not deserve your vote.  
   
  Meanwhile the Ls sit on their thumbs wondering why they get left out.
   
    To those of you who are running campaigns and who do not get included in 
the related polls, send out a press release every time a new poll comes out 
that ignores you, and talk about the inherent biases in polls that fail to take 
a bi-variate political typology into account.  And especially go after the 
polls that are paid for by the media that uses them.  Obviously this needs to 
be said in 8th grade language, but hopefully you get the idea.
   

    OPEN OFFER:
   
  I WILL SEND ANYONE TWENTY DOLLARS IF THEY CAN SHOW ME ANY NON-PRESIDENTIAL 
POLL TAKEN IN THE LAST 2 YEARS, THAT WAS NOT FINANCED BY A THIRD PARTY, THIRD 
PARTY CANDIDATE OR INDEPENDENT CANDIDATE, AND WHICH ASKS THE VOTERS EVEN ONE 
QUESTION THAT SPECIFICALLY NAMES A THIRD PARTY OR INDEPENDENT CANDIDATE.  
   
  Fine Print:  To get paid you need to provide me with a copy of the entire 
polling questionnaire together with a copy of the pollster's final report on 
the results.  Also, I will not pay twice for the same poll.  Finally, this 
offer will end on 9/1/06, which gives you little more than a month to find 
something.  If you want to talk about this further, please email your phone 
number to me offline and I will call you.
   
Richard Shepard
   
  
terry12622000 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
          By counting I mean breaking a tie since that is the only time in a 
secret ballot that a single vote will count. Set aside local 
offices in small towns and counties. What are the odds of a single 
vote counting for governor in CA or US senator. What are the odds of 
a single vote counting in Ohio or Florida for president? What are the 
odds of a single vote counting for a US House seat? Now in the odds 
don't forget voting 
fraud. 
Ok now that you have fiqured in the odds of a single vote 
breaking a tie and fiquring fiquring in voting fraud in the area, now 
fiqure out what are the odds of the politican in office actually 
making a diffrence in relation to a single voters 
perference. 
Kenneith Arrow's immpossiblity theorm says there is no 
general way to aggreagate individual level preference to collective 
level perference, Arrows theorm appears to also conclude that in fact 
we do not have majority rule ( at least the representive type) but we 
may only have election cycles and no general 
majority. 
Anthony Downs suggested that politicans tended to cater to the 
median voter, Downs also said voters in general may have no rational 
reason for voting, the postive impact is so little that any cost such 
as bad weather, a line may be to may trump any direct benfit for the 
voter. Mancur Olson a Public Choice Theory concludes in The Logic of 
Collective 
Action. 
Down also concluded that individuals in general have no rational 
incentive to learn enough to be able to vote their interest 
intelligently. 
What is a bit clearer is I think it is pretty safe to vote for a 
third party in say a presidential race or a major state race because 
the odds of your single vote making a difference is so low it will 
not make a diffrence for the two main parties anyway.
Just do a google search on the odds of voting, lots of 
work out there.



         

                
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