Thanks,  Hans.   Your explanation clarifies the situation nicely.  
 
 Best,
 
David

> On 04/09/2025 5:39 AM EDT Hans Aikema <hans.aik...@aikebah.net> wrote:
>  
>  
> 
> 
> > On 9 Apr 2025, at 10:08, David House <dlhous...@comcast.net> wrote:
> > So, going through the tutorial. I am confused about the ' designating 
> > middle C.
> > 
> > This is the coding in the example of page 15 of the tutorial manual which 
> > places c' in within the bass clef staff:
> > 
> > \relative {
> >   \clef bass
> >   \time 3/4
> >   \tempo "Andante" 4 = 120
> >   c,2  e8 c'
> >   g'2.
> >   f4 e d
> >   c4 c, r
> > }
> > 
> > Yet this coding using the c' designation places middle C where it is 
> > supposed to be, above the bass clef staff -
> > 
> > \relative {
> > \clef bass
> > c'1
> > }
> > 
> > 
>  
> David,
>  
> see also
>  
> https://lilypond.org/doc/v2.24/Documentation/notation/writing-pitches#relative-octave-entry
>  
> c’ is middle-C in absolute mode, but is “ <relative computed c> shifted one 
> octave up from the relative computed pitch” in relative mode.
>  
> In the snippet from the tutorial you enter relative mode, start at 
> c-2-octaves-below-middle-c (absolute c,) then go relative to e from that c 
> (ending up at absolute e, then go relative back to a c (absolute c,) and 
> shift that an octave upward ending up at absolute c (one octave below middle 
> c)
>  
> Your second snippet starts of at middle c (the first note in a \relative 
> without a start-pitch is interpreted as absolute)
>  
> So in relative mode number of comma- or apostrophes indicate the amount of 
> octaves to shift upward/downward from the computed relative position of the 
> pitch based from the previous note.
>  
> In absolute mode the number of comma- or apostrophes indicate the absolute 
> octave of the pitch (with a single apostrophe indicating the octave of 
> middle-C)
>  
>  
>  
> HTH to clarify the effects you see
>  
> kind regards, 
> Hans
> 

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