Linux-Development-Sys Digest #858, Volume #6 Tue, 22 Jun 99 07:14:29 EDT
Contents:
Re: Run in background (mlw)
Re: TAO: the ultimate OS (Christopher B. Browne)
Using Linux with defective memory chips (Jason Donovan)
WinModems and Linux (pzdev)
Re: current->timeout (Villy Kruse)
Re: Guides to Linux Performance Tuning??? (Jon Skeet)
Re: How to compile SMP driver( just -D__SMP__?) into RedHat 6.0 kernel? ("robert_c")
Can Single Processor driver run under SMP Kernel(2.2.*) ("robert_c")
Re: Run in background (M. David Allen)
Re: using C++ for linux device drivers ("John Burton")
Re: compiling for a Hitachi SH-3 CPU with gcc ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Problem! (Peter Pointner)
Re: DosEmu over terminals (Peter Pointner)
Re: how to make tasks periodic ? (Johan Kullstam)
Re: Needed: Driver for Motorola V.90 PCI modem (Johan Kullstam)
Re: ftape4.02 with new kernel 2.2.5-15 (almost) (bill davidsen)
Re: Making dynamic libraries ("John Burton")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: mlw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.misc
Subject: Re: Run in background
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1999 05:31:42 +0000
vineet wrote:
>
> How do I make my C program to run in background after getting initialised.
> I mean that the program should detach from the terminal and should run in
> background like a daemon.
super simple.
endlessloop(int argc, char **argv)
{
// Do something creative.
}
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
if(!fork())
{
endlessloop(argc, argv);
}
}
--
Mohawk Software
Windows 95, Windows NT, UNIX, Linux. Applications, drivers, support.
Visit http://www.mohawksoft.com
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher B. Browne)
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.advocacy,comp.os.misc,comp.unix.advocacy
Subject: Re: TAO: the ultimate OS
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1999 05:37:31 GMT
On 21 Jun 1999 14:07:35 -0500, Peter Samuelson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
posted:
>[Terry Murphy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>]
>> Look at ODBC in Windows: because of this additional feature, the
>> system is suddenly more flexible. You can plug any database backend
>> into your program without changing a line of code. THAT is flexible.
>> How could this flexibility be achieved in a system with no notion of
>> a database?
>
>I think you are missing Linus's point -- when he refers to the OS
>design as flexible, he doesn't mean you can't have things like ODBC.
>He means that ODBC will be a shared library, not a system call.
True.
This approach has both an advantage and a disadvantage.
The advantage to the "lack" of forced support is that it doesn't force
people into a particular approach by making it permeate the kernel.
Supposing there was, in the Linux kernel, a record-oriented DB scheme not
unlike the (boo, hiss!) "Windows Registry," people would be encouraged to
push things into The Database that don't fit properly.
The disadvantage is that it doesn't force people into a particular approach
by making it permeate the kernel. (That of course doesn't sound too nice.)
Perhaps more kindly, the disadvantage of not having such facilities as a
record-oriented DB tightly integrated with the OS is that people wind up
recreating this "wheel" with incredible repetitiveness. There are 30-odd
SQL DBMSes, and a plethora of "record-oriented" DB schemes that everyone
seems to need to create another of each month.
The truly appropriate way to provide DB services is for those that build
such to design the facilities with an eye to genericity/reusability, and for
those that find that they need DB services to look to see if there is a
reasonable existing scheme rather than hiving off to create Yet Another One.
If some effort went into (using|integrating|improving) (Berkeley-DB |
IronDoc | Typhoon | MetalBase | CDB | gdbm | PostgreSQL-Backend | ...),
there might be a little more functionality and a little less replication of
effort. (Some of these options are pretty obsolete, but are probably more
sophisticated than things that are being implemented today...)
>If you have something sufficiently well understood to codify into a
>sensible API, there's no reason that API needs to be kernel-based.
>When it's not, you gain the advantage of easily dropping in newer
>versions of the library, complete with newer versions of the API,
>relatively easily and with *no* fear of breaking old code, since the
>two versions can coexist. (At least on most Unices.)
If you force the API on people that don't feel like using it, all you'll get
is the result that they'll use it badly. Some of the problems on MS Windows
may be attributable to this. And this approach is nicely representative of
what communities of hackers (as well as immature university students that
*think* they understand politics) describe as "fascism." An attempt to
enforce use of an API may not be quite as drastic as regimes that have
historically tried to liquidate dissidents at gunpoint, but both certainly
involve excessive use of authority.
The situation with Linux is rather more like "herding cats." You're not
going to force people to use "libDataBase," although if it happens to be
good enough, the cats *will* circle it as they would food. You can't
*force* use; you can only *persuade,* and must persuade via having provided
a result that satisfies the "cats'" hopes and expectations.
--
Those who do not understand Unix are condemned to reinvent it, poorly.
-- Henry Spencer <http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne/lsf.html>
[EMAIL PROTECTED] - "What have you contributed to free software today?..."
------------------------------
From: Jason Donovan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Using Linux with defective memory chips
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1999 00:52:55 +0000
This is a cryptographically signed message in MIME format.
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Hi!
I've made a little change in the kernel that allows me to use a
defective DIMM in my Linux box. The code I'm posting below is realy
rough and would like to hear what you guys think before I write
something more sinsible....
Is the method I'm using reliable?
Also, what is the 0xc0000000 mask that gets added to the phisical
address?
About the PG_skip flag: I didn't see it used in the memory manager... is
it used anywhere?
As soon as I find how to pass command line paramaters I'll make it a
little more flexible :)
========= part of arch/i386/mm/init.c:
#define BAD_ADDR1 0xc43de32a
#define BAD_ADDR2 0xc6e0f268
while (start_mem < end_mem) {
if( (start_mem < BAD_ADDR1) &&
((start_mem+PAGE_SIZE)>BAD_ADDR1) ||
(start_mem < BAD_ADDR2) && ((start_mem+PAGE_SIZE)>BAD_ADDR2) ){
printk(" ===> Reserving page address: %lx through %lx\n",
start_mem, start_mem+PAGE_SIZE);
set_bit(PG_reserved, &mem_map[MAP_NR(start_mem)].flags);
set_bit(PG_skip, &mem_map[MAP_NR(start_mem)].flags);
} else {
clear_bit(PG_reserved, &mem_map[MAP_NR(start_mem)].flags);
}
start_mem += PAGE_SIZE;
}
===================
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------------------------------
From: pzdev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: WinModems and Linux
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1999 07:14:50 GMT
Please excuse me for not threading this with the main WinModems thread,
but I'm having problems with my newsreader.
A few comments about using WinModems under Linux. Contrary to what has
been said in this forum, the reason that a WinModem is less expensive
and consumes more of the host CPU is not because it is using the host
CPU to perform the work of a UART in a normal modem. Rather, the
interface card in a typical WinModem is has very little hardware at all:
typically a CODEC (D/A and A/D converter) and not much else. Most of
the modem functionality, including all the modulation, protocols, link
layers, and AT command processing happen on the host processor. In
essence, the driver for the WinModem *is* the modem, running on the host
processor.
Unfortunately for Linux users, this means that making a WinModem work
with Linux is next to impossible. Unless the Windows driver code was
somehow reverse engineered or run in some sort of virtual Windows
machine, the entire modem would have to be written from scratch -- which
would not be an easy task at all.
Until a software modem manufacturer decides to distribute Linux drivers
for their WinModem, I'm afraid that Linux users are out of luck. The
solution, of course, is to convice the modem manufacturers that it's
worth supporting Linux.
One final comment: contrary to what has been suggested, there are
several benefits to using a software modem over a hardware modem.
First, because all of the functionality is in the software, it is much
easier and less expensive to upgrade the modem when new protocols become
availible. As long as the CODEC is capable to sampling at the 8kHz used
in the digital switches then it will be able to work with any protocol
that operates over current voice lines. Second, a software modem
requires less dedicated hardware, and as such is perfect for handheld
applications; in fact, many of the latest handheld computers are running
various software modems to cut down on the size and the cost of the
unit. Third, software modems might be easier to optimize and debug
because there is much more flexibilty and familiarity in the development
process, and possibly better tools availible.
pzdev
--
pzdev-AT-pgz-DOT-org
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Villy Kruse)
Crossposted-To: linux.dev.kernel
Subject: Re: current->timeout
Date: 22 Jun 1999 11:32:25 +0200
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Lee John Keyser-Allen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>I attempted to use the sample code from Rubini's Linux Device Drivers
>book, based around current->timeout, but it appears that in recent kernels
>(2.2.x) timeout has been removed from the task_struct structure. If there
>is an easy way to make this go, or something I'm over looking, please let
>me know, I'm currently just spinning in a loop with schedule(), so it's
>not *that* bad and it's only for 600ms tops but ...
Look at schedule_timeout (int delay). You insert it insted of calling
schedule() and remove any references to current->timeout.
There are also various sleep_on and sleep_on_timeout, which encapsulates
the setting of current->state, setting up the wait queue and invoking
the scheduler. Look at /usr/src/linux/kernel/sched.c for details
Villy
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Jon Skeet)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.misc
Subject: Re: Guides to Linux Performance Tuning???
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1999 10:10:50 +0100
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> I'd like to locate any references or guides on Linux system
> performance tuning. I'd assume, to receive acceptance as an
> enterprise level solution, there should exist an easy infrastructure
> for tuning the OS. For example, Solaris and IRIX have the most
> important kernel tunable parameters located in a central file. Those
> OS's also include utilities that help assess bottlenecks in the memory
> and network subsystems. Obviously these capabilities are of prime
> importance for the sale of enterprise systems and are often developed
> by the platforms' vendors!
Under Linux 2.2 and above (at least - probably earlier too), you can use
/proc/sys/* to tune many parts of the kernel.
For instance, to change the total number of file handles which can be
open at a time, you might do:
echo 16384 > /proc/sys/fs/file-max
Note that if you want to do this on a permanent basis, you should put
lines like that in rc.local - they aren't automatically preserved over
reboots.
> Although my understanding is that VA Research and others offer high
> performance Linux systems with support, I was hoping there might be
> freely available guides on the topic of system tuning for a freely
> available OS. I tried doing some quick searches on performance tuning
> for Linux and found that there is very little documentation on the
> subject. And, the little information I find is rather outdated.
> Also, it appears that kernal tunable parameters are located in header
> files without any documentation. Is this correct?
There are very few (that I've come across and really wanted to change)
that are only in header files. The default values are probably in header
files...
The documentation for most of this is in
/usr/src/linux/Documentation/sysctl
Hope this helps - I've been mucking around with this a bit recently. I'm
far from an expert, but it's not hard when you get into it...
--
Jon Skeet - [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.pobox.com/~skeet/
------------------------------
From: "robert_c" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Re: How to compile SMP driver( just -D__SMP__?) into RedHat 6.0 kernel?
Date: 22 Jun 1999 09:25:36 GMT
Dear Peter:
Sorry for ask in advance.
1. I mean I want to write a hardware driver to support SMP kernel (in
single Processor, it works fine), but I heard in kernel 2.2.X, we can
ignore -D__SMP__, so I ask this question.
2. BTW, I guess SMP driver coding method is like following, but I don't
know it's true or not, could you give me an advance. Thanks for your help.
*use spinlock() and spin_unlock in driver.c to protect critical section
*compile it with additional option than in Single Processor -D__SMP__
*use insmod to load it into kernel
3. do you have any information(Web Site) about how to write SMP driver
in linux?
Robert
Peter Samuelson ���g��峹 <7kn6pl$s1r$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
>[robert_c <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>]
>> Could someone tell me about the following: How to compile SMP driver
>> ( just -D__SMP__ or need more options or __SMP__ can be igored?) into
>> RedHat 6.0 kernel?
>
>Assuming by "RedHat 6.0 kernel" you mean "Linux 2.2.x kernel", it
>depends on what you really want -- you weren't quite specific enough.
>
>If you mean how to compile a third-party module (like Don Becker's
>updated Ethernet drivers), make sure to use -D__SMP__ -D__KERNEL__
>-DMODULE and maybe -DMODVERSIONS, depending. Also if you are using
>egcs 1.1 or newer, make sure to add -fno-strict-aliasing to the cflags.
>(The current kernel has illegal constructs that work great ... until
>you do aggressive type alias analysis, as the late-model gcc's can.)
>
>If you want to compile something that comes *with* the kernel source,
>just use `make config' (or `make menuconfig' or whatever) to select the
>feature you want, and whether to compile as a module or no. Then use
>the standard kernel make instructions: `make dep', `make bzImage' and
>`make modules'. Installation of kernel and modules is left as an
>exercise (in reading README files) to the reader.
>
>(Note: I believe a kernel is the *only* Linux software which actually
>requires a reboot to upgrade. Is it true that Solaris 7 even gets
>around *that*, or am I misremembering an article somewhere?)
>
>--
>Peter Samuelson
><sampo.creighton.edu!psamuels>
------------------------------
From: "robert_c" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Can Single Processor driver run under SMP Kernel(2.2.*)
Date: 22 Jun 1999 09:40:55 GMT
Could someone tell me like following:
If run Single Processor driver under SMP kernel (2.2.X), it will be OK or
not? (and what will happan for above case?)
robert
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (M. David Allen)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.misc
Subject: Re: Run in background
Date: 22 Jun 1999 00:44:08 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article <7kmd2k$6c3$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (ellis) writes:
> In article <7km7ds$nm3$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> vineet <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>>How do I make my C program to run in background after getting initialised.
>>I mean that the program should detach from the terminal and should run in
>>background like a daemon.
>
> Take a look at the source for any daemon that forks itself into
> the background. There's lots of examples around.
>
> --
> http://www.fnet.net/~ellis/photo/
Insert this into the code where you want it to fork off...
if(fork()!=0)
{
exit(0);
}
And that's all you've got to do. When you call fork(), the child's pid is
in the parents, (the one you want gone from the terminal) execution process.
If fork returns 0, it means you're in the kids process. That doesn't do error
checking of course, but you can check the manpage if you wanna do that.
(you should).
--
David Allen
http://opop.nols.com/
========================================
Don't look back, the lemmings are gaining on you.
------------------------------
From: "John Burton" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: using C++ for linux device drivers
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1999 11:04:36 +0100
Don Waugaman wrote in message <7klvp3$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
>Disclaimer: While I'm enthusiastic about C++, I recognize that there's
>a heck of a lot of folks who don't care for it and emphatically don't wnat
>it in the kernel. I think that they're wrong, though there is a lot of
>truth to the points they make.
You wouldn't want to use c++ in the kernel proper, and probably not in
any modules that are for and generic hardware that many people will
want to use and work on. For your own modules though, you should
feel free to write them in whatever language you feel appropriate.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.questions
Subject: Re: compiling for a Hitachi SH-3 CPU with gcc
Date: 21 Jun 1999 21:14:14 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Peter Gutmann? ([EMAIL PROTECTED]?) wrote (Mon, 21 Jun 1999 22:15:43 +0200):
>never found something concrete. Do you have a disassembler for SH3 code?
You want to write this in assembly? This is what SH3 looks like. Probably
simple to an old hack (looks a bit like 68k?) but to work in this has got
to be a bad idea.
; 35: int rc = 0;
; 36: MSG msg;
; 37: HWND mainWinH;
; 39: rc = InitApp(instH);
000014 b038 bsr +112
000016 0009 nop
000018 2008 tst.l r0,r0
00001a 6a03 mov.l r0,r10
00001c 8f0b bf/s +22
00001e 0929 movt.l r9
; 42: gInstH = instH;
000020 d2aa mov.l @(680,pc),r2
000022 6483 mov.l r8,r4
000024 65c3 mov.l r12,r5
000026 66b3 mov.l r11,r6
000028 b04e bsr +156
00002a 2282 mov.l r8,@r2
; 44: if (mainWinH == 0) rc = 1;
00002c 2008 tst.l r0,r0
00002e 8b02 bf +4
000030 ea01 mov.b #1,r10
000032 2aa8 tst.l r10,r10
000034 0929 movt.l r9
; 45: }
000036 L24440:
; 47: if (rc == 0) {
000036 L24439:
000036 2998 tst.l r9,r9
000038 891d bt +58
; 48: while (GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0)) {
00003a e410 mov.b #16,r4
00003c d0b6 mov.l @(728,pc),r0
00003e e500 mov.b #0,r5
000040 e600 mov.b #0,r6
000042 e700 mov.b #0,r7
000044 400b jsr @r0
000046 34fc add.l sp,r4
000048 2008 tst.l r0,r0
00004a 8910 bt +32
00004c L24443:
; 49: TranslateMessage(&msg);
00004c d0ab mov.l @(684,pc),r0
00004e e410 mov.b #16,r4
000050 400b jsr @r0
000052 34fc add.l sp,r4
; 50: DispatchMessage(&msg);
000054 d0ad mov.l @(692,pc),r0
000056 e410 mov.b #16,r4
000058 400b jsr @r0
00005a 34fc add.l sp,r4
; 51: }
00005c d0ae mov.l @(696,pc),r0
00005e e410 mov.b #16,r4
000060 e500 mov.b #0,r5
000062 e600 mov.b #0,r6
000064 e700 mov.b #0,r7
000066 400b jsr @r0
000068 34fc add.l sp,r4
00006a 2008 tst.l r0,r0
00006c 8bee bf -36
00006e L24445:
; 52: rc = TermInstance (instH, msg.wParam)
00006e 55f6 mov.l @(24,sp),r5
000070 b05a bsr +180
000072 6483 mov.l r8,r4
000074 6a03 mov.l r0,r10
; 53: }
______________________________________________________________________
Corne1 Huth http://40th.com/ Bullet database engines/servers 3.0
______________________________________________________________________
------------------------------
From: Peter Pointner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Problem!
Date: Mon, 21 Jun 1999 20:33:12 GMT
Michele <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi there,
> I have a big problem which i can't figure it out.I have made a program
> running under linux v.2.0.27 that acts as a client for a server programs
> that runs over the same machine.It is designed as a main loop that never
> exits and beyond sending messages to the server,uses the /dev/mem to
> access the memory below 1M.It works fine for some days but suddenly it
> stops running(disappear!!) and I don't have any clue about the reason
> why.Is there a way to keep track of what has happened to it?Is there the
> possibility that the linux kills the program for some reasons?I know
> that informations I am giving aren't of such help but any suggestions
> are kindly accepted.
> Thanks
> Michele
Make sure you get a core dump if something bad happens. Or do some
logging before exit. I remember a similar case, where I forgot to
ignore or catch SIGPIPE and my server was killed when some windows
box closed the socket unfriendly (no FIN or so).
Peter
------------------------------
From: Peter Pointner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: DosEmu over terminals
Date: Mon, 21 Jun 1999 20:22:12 GMT
Peter King <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> How do you set-up Linux to allow connected terminals to run DosEmu.
> I have a Red Hat 6 box but if I try and run the DOS command on the terminal
> screen it says that you cannot run dos please contact your system
> administrator.
Just to be sure: The user is in /etc/dosemu.users?
Peter
------------------------------
From: Johan Kullstam <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: how to make tasks periodic ?
Date: 21 Jun 1999 16:00:49 -0400
"Soohyung Lee" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> > man sched_setscheduler. Linux doesn't support deadline scheduling AFAIK.
>
> I know that Linux doesn't support deadline scheduling.
>
> So, I'm trying to support it.
> To do that, I need to know how to make tasks periodic .
> That is what I want to know ...
> OK?
linux is not a real-time operating system. your task can be
pre-empted. you can get fairly close (to within some largish fraction
of a second) which may be adequate depending on your constraints.
> Can you tell me how to ?
> Thanks for your interest ..
if you need to support deadline scheduling, get a different operating
system. i think there's some kind of real-time linux where a small
real-time kernel runs linux as a subprocess.
--
johan kullstam
------------------------------
From: Johan Kullstam <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Needed: Driver for Motorola V.90 PCI modem
Date: 21 Jun 1999 16:01:38 -0400
"SweetGear" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Needed: Driver for Motorola V.90 PCI modem
>
> Does it exist?
no -- not for linux.
> Thanks,
you are welcome.
--
johan kullstam
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (bill davidsen)
Subject: Re: ftape4.02 with new kernel 2.2.5-15 (almost)
Date: 21 Jun 1999 21:14:42 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Huib Wouters <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
| bill davidsen wrote:
| > Note: if you still get missing symbols, they are really missing, or you
| > have the dependancies wrong.
| I tried using modprobe but I still get the missing symbols. I checked
| the source of ftape.o and the symbols presumably missing are really
| there.
Did you check that (a) the object contains the symbols (not dropped for
any ifdef or whatever), and (b) that the copy in
/lib/modules/{version}/misc/ftape.o is the same? Did a 'make
modules_install' get skipped, for example?
Oh, and was the kernel rebuilt when the module was added, and is it
being used for boot? I would be tempted to make everything over starting
with dep and clean, just to be sure everything is loaded. And if you
boot with lilo, you rerun that, of course.
I still think some part doesn't know the other has been changed, but I
don't have a great way to say which one.
--
bill davidsen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> CTO, TMR Associates, Inc
The Internet is not the fountain of youth, but some days it feels like
the fountain of immaturity.
------------------------------
From: "John Burton" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development,comp.os.linux.development.apps
Subject: Re: Making dynamic libraries
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1999 11:06:21 +0100
mlw wrote in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
>mongoose wrote:
>>
>> Ok I know how to make a static library that I can compile my programs
>> with but how do I make a dynamic library? Is there a webpage or could
>> anyone give me some info on how to do it? Also when compiling in a
>> library as dynamic or static does it make any performance differences as
>> to the speed of the program?
>
>I have big issues with how Linux does shared libraries. Phylosophically,
>they are implemented in a way that is environmentally specific, even
>though versions are the same, the environment on which they were built
>is incorporated into the shared object.
Specifically what do you mean? Which parts of the environment are you
talking about?
-- John Burton
------------------------------
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