Linux-Misc Digest #299, Volume #21 Thu, 5 Aug 99 15:13:08 EDT
Contents:
Modem hangs up by it's self ("Michael Reuvers")
Re: fips or Partition Magic? (Tung-Sheng Lin)
why do I lose my entire system at restart, how to minimize loss? ("Matt Baker")
Re: Must root and swap partitions be primary? (Doug DeJulio)
Re: root pw problem - URGENT (CJ)
Re: VMWare (Windows on Linux)? (Doug DeJulio)
Re: Problems connecting to ISP ("Michael Reuvers")
mv under RH6.0 (Lucas Tibbits)
Re: fips or Partition Magic? ("Nunya Dadburn Bidness")
Re: Need good sites for unix/linux (Nightfever)
How to install from RedHat 6 CD ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Quick Question: ISO files (Pearce)
Re: Linux and NT on one system....help!!! ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
adns - alternative resolver library 0.4 ALPHA released (Ian Jackson)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "Michael Reuvers" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Modem hangs up by it's self
Date: Thu, 5 Aug 1999 11:02:34 -0600
I finally figured out how to connect to my ISP (had the wrong IRQ) but now
my modem is hanging up for no apparent reason. Here are a couple of logs.
Any suggestions? Thanks for all the help!
...Mike
/var/log/messages
Aug 5 10:20:49 localhost pppd[660]: Serial connection established.
Aug 5 10:20:49 localhost pppd[660]: Using interface ppp0
Aug 5 10:20:49 localhost pppd[660]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyS2
Aug 5 10:20:52 localhost modprobe: can't locate module ppp-compress-21
Aug 5 10:20:52 localhost modprobe: can't locate module ppp-compress-26
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost modprobe: can't locate module ppp-compress-24
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: local IP address 207.148.140.93
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: remote IP address 207.148.128.68
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Modem hangup
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Connection terminated.
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Connect time 2.4 minutes.
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Sent 3570 bytes, received 13594bytes.
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Exit.
/var/log/ppp
Aug 5 10:20:49 localhost pppd[660]: Serial connection established.
Aug 5 10:20:49 localhost pppd[660]: Using interface ppp0
Aug 5 10:20:49 localhost pppd[660]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyS2
Aug 5 10:20:50 localhost pppd[660]: sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap0x0>
<magic 0x23d27d55> <pcomp> <accomp>]
Aug 5 10:20:50 localhost pppd[660]: rcvd [LCP ConfAck id=0x1 <asyncmap0x0>
<magic 0x23d27d55> <pcomp> <accomp>]
Aug 5 10:20:52 localhost pppd[660]: rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0x2 <asyncmap0x0>
<magic 0xd3381055> <pcomp> <accomp>]
Aug 5 10:20:52 localhost pppd[660]: sent [LCP ConfAck id=0x2 <asyncmap0x0>
<magic 0xd3381055> <pcomp> <accomp>]
Aug 5 10:20:52 localhost pppd[660]: sent [IPCP ConfReq id=0x1 <addr0.0.0.0>
<compress VJ 0f 01>]
Aug 5 10:20:52 localhost modprobe: can't locate module ppp-compress-21
Aug 5 10:20:52 localhost modprobe: can't locate module ppp-compress-26
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost modprobe: can't locate module ppp-compress-24
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: rcvd [IPCP ConfReq id=0x1 <compressVJ
0f 00> <addr 207.148.128.68>]
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: sent [IPCP ConfAck id=0x1 <compressVJ
0f 00> <addr 207.148.128.68>]
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: rcvd [IPCP ConfNak id=0x1
<addr207.148.140.93>]
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: sent [IPCP ConfReq id=0x2
<addr207.148.140.93> <compress VJ 0f 01>]
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: rcvd [IPCP ConfAck id=0x2
<addr207.148.140.93> <compress VJ 0f 01>]
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: local IP address 207.148.140.93
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: remote IP address 207.148.128.68
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: Script /etc/ppp/ip-up started; pid= 674
Aug 5 10:20:53 localhost pppd[660]: Script /etc/ppp/ip-up finished
(pid674), status = 0x0
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Modem hangup
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Script /etc/ppp/ip-down started;pid =
719
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Connection terminated.
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Connect time 2.4 minutes.
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Sent 3570 bytes, received 13594bytes.
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Script /etc/ppp/ip-down finished(pid
719), status = 0x0
Aug 5 10:23:12 localhost pppd[660]: Exit.
------------------------------
From: Tung-Sheng Lin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: fips or Partition Magic?
Date: Thu, 05 Aug 1999 10:04:04 -0700
I used FIPS to re-partition hard disks (win98/FAT32) for linux
installation 3 times (for different computers) and had no problem. You'd
better read the document carefully before you re-partition your hard
disk. I don't have Partition Magic so I can't say anything about it, but
I know it is not free.
eze wrote:
> i m a newbie!
>
> fips or Partition Magic to install Linux?
>
> ------------------ Posted via CNET Linux Help ------------------
> http://www.searchlinux.com
------------------------------
From: "Matt Baker" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: why do I lose my entire system at restart, how to minimize loss?
Date: Thu, 5 Aug 1999 12:36:18 -0400
I understand that linux doesn't write things to disk until shutdown, neither
does NT. Occasionally NT will lockup beyond repair and I have to reset the
machine. NT recovers from this dirty shutdown 95% of the time. Linux
recovers from a dirty shutdown 5% of the time. My linux installation locks
up at least once every few days which means I am constantly having to
reinstall. What is the best solution to prevent this reinstallation?
Should I back up my installation on another partition or perhaps a tape?
What is best?
Is there a way that I can sacrifice speed for crash protection? (so the
system writes everything to disk immediately)
The biggest issue I suppose is finding the cause of these crashes.
I thought it was my Cyrix processor so I put in an intel. The crashing
continues.
Now I am wondering whether it is the piece of trash trident card I have got
in there.
Any help would be appreciated...
thanks
matt
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Doug DeJulio)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Must root and swap partitions be primary?
Date: 5 Aug 1999 10:58:39 -0400
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Hankel O'Fung <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>(1) If all linux partitions (except the hosting extended partition, of course)
>can be logical, what is the rationale or advantage for creating a primary
>partition in the first place? For example, if I want to fit the root partition
>below the 1024th cylinder, I can create an extended partition first and use
>fdisk to allocate the cylinders for a logical root partition. There is no need
>for a primary partition.
Managing the bootup process is easier if there's at least one primary
partition. LILO needs to install into either the MBR or the boot
record of a primary partition, and many people don't like to interfere
with the MBR. (For example, if you leave the MBR intact and use a
partition instead, it's *much* easier to repair things when some
Microsoft OS interferes with your boot process -- just switch the
active partition back to your Linux one, and things are fixed.)
You can't put LILO's boot block thingy on a logical partition.
You *can* put it on an extended partition that *contains* logical
partitions, but some Linux tools don't know about this and don't
permit it (I remember a RedHat install not permitting this for
example; don't know what version).
So, it's simplest to just have at least one primary partition, and to
use it for booting. More tools will know about this situation, more
people are familiar with it, etc.
>(2) Just want to confirm ... . What MUST reside below the 1024th cylinder is
>actually /boot but not /, am I correct?
This depends.
Look at the "image" argument in your lilo.conf. That points to a
filename. The actual blocks that make up the file that it points to
must be in the right place. Follow the symlinks.
I'll give you two examples.
Let's say you install Debian off their network install sites. The
lilo.conf points to /vmlinuz, but that's a symlink to /boot. In this
case, /boot needs to be in the right place.
Now, you download your own kernel source, and do a "make bzlilo",
ignoring the steps the Debian folks suggest you perform to remain
consistent with Debian packaging. It writes the new kernel image to
/vmlinuz, nuking the symlink (at least, at one point this happened,
don't know if it still works this way). All of a sudden, your *root*
partition needs to be in the right place, and the location of /boot is
irrelevant. (But, if you follow their instructions, things work and
the symlink is updated.)
>(3) Another confirmation. The 4-partitions limit means in each IDE hdd, the
>total number of (linux or DOS, whatever) primary and extended partitions
>cannot exceed 4. Am I correct?
Yes, if you're not confusing extended partitions with the logical
volumes that exist inside them, as I myself am sometimes guilty of
doing when I'm being sloppy (I tried to be careful above, though).
Each extended partition can contain up to four logical volumes itself.
So, you should be able to get up to 16 useful partitions, if you have
no primary partitions -- but I'd say it's not a good idea, as that
configuration is pretty unusual and isn't going to have been as
thoroughly tested.
--
Doug DeJulio | mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
HKS, Incorporated | http://www.hks.net/~ddj/
------------------------------
From: CJ <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux.slackware,comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Re: root pw problem - URGENT
Date: Thu, 05 Aug 1999 11:50:17 -0500
"J. Guy Stalnaker" wrote:
>
> Hello all,
>
> On a Slackware 3.0 system, the root password suddenly no longer works.
> Only two individuals have root access to this system and neither of us
> have changed it. The box is running (that is, it's been up for some
> time--boots into X) and we have just discovered that now we cannot make
> a telnet connection to the system as root, nor can we login to a new
> terminal as root. Keep getting invalid password error. We don't whan
> to shutdown -r if we'll be unable to get back in.
>
> Have tried:
>
> 1. deleting encrypted root password entry in /etc/shadow and replacing
> with nothing. Result: cannot login.
> 2. deleting encrypted root password entry in /etc/shadow and replacing
> with *. Result: cannot login.
> 3. to give someone root user/group access, tried changing user/group
> entries in passwd for the two logins we have (his and mine). Result:
> cannot login.
> 4. used pwunconv to move shadow pw entries into /etc/passwd and tried 1.
> and 2. agian. Result: cannot login.
>
> Any help is thankfully appreciated.
>
> Guy S.
Try typing the 'who' command. Check how many and what number of ttypx
are open. Then look at /etc/securetty and maybe uncomment some of the
ttypx lines. You might have too many open which will keep you from
telneting in as root. Or close the windows that are using the ttypx and
try again. Just a thought.
CJ
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Doug DeJulio)
Subject: Re: VMWare (Windows on Linux)?
Date: 5 Aug 1999 11:02:41 -0400
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Brian D. Jones <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>However, be warned that the product is not yet perfect. Though it has only
>happened to me twice, VMWare can freeze up the entire system, such that you
>can't even ping your machine!
Question: has anyone seen this happen when Windows was not involved?
I'm a developer, and need to test software under multiple Linux
distributions. Thankfully, I just don't need to run Windows very
often (and I keep a sacrificial laptop around for that). I see VMWare
as a possible way to fire up multiple distributions on my machine
without rebooting.
So, has anyone seen any VMWare glitches while for example running SuSE
on top of RedHat? Or Caldera on top of Debian? Or are the lock-ups
strictly Windows-related?
--
Doug DeJulio | mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
HKS, Incorporated | http://www.hks.net/~ddj/
------------------------------
From: "Michael Reuvers" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Problems connecting to ISP
Date: Thu, 5 Aug 1999 10:57:27 -0600
Actually I found out why I could not connect .... IRQ set wrong on modem.
Doh!
...Mike
Thanks all!
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:7obvql$673$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> Use the KDE PPP dialler that comes with it. Use PAP authentication,
> this is probably why you can't establish a connection.
>
> In article <c9Zp3.25198$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
> "Michael Reuvers" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > I just recently down loaded Redhat Linux 6.0 from one of their mirror
> sites.
> > I installed it with very little problems (woohoo). I found where to
> setup my
> > Internet connection in "Linuxconf". It dials but never successfully
> > establishes a PPP connection. I checked my system logs. The only
> problem I
> > can find is this :
> >
> > "Device modem is locked by pid 7894"
> >
> > The pid number changes depending on how many times I try. If someone
> had
> > some suggestions on how to solve this problem it would be most
> appreciated.
> > Thanks!
> >
> > ....Mike
> >
> > *Note: If you haven't guess yet, I'm a newbie with Linux but fairly
> computer
> > proficient.
> >
> > :)
> >
> >
>
>
> Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
> Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Lucas Tibbits)
Subject: mv under RH6.0
Date: 5 Aug 1999 16:51:15 GMT
--
I'm having problems w/ mv under RH6.0. When using 'mv * dir/' it will
also move dir/ to dir/ (itself)
ex:
$ ls
dir1/ dir2/ file1 file2
$ mv * dir1/
$ ls
dir1/
$ cd dir1/
$ ls
dir1/ dir2/ file1 file2
^
|
problem
mv recreates the entire dir1/ directory under itself. I do not experience
this behavior under other versions of Unix (AIX, OSF/1, Ultrix). mv usually
notices it's trying to move a directory under itself and disallows this. It
seems that mv in RH6.0 makes no attempt to check this and recreates the
directory and everything in it.
Is this a bug or a feature? Any ideas on how to prevent this?
Thanks,
Lucas
------------------------------
From: "Nunya Dadburn Bidness" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: fips or Partition Magic?
Date: Thu, 5 Aug 1999 13:07:44 -0500
Tung-Sheng Lin wrote in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
>I used FIPS to re-partition hard disks (win98/FAT32) for linux
>installation 3 times (for different computers) and had no problem.
You'd
>better read the document carefully before you re-partition your hard
>disk. I don't have Partition Magic so I can't say anything about it,
but
>I know it is not free.
I used fips once on a FAT32 without a hitch. Fips was impressively
quick too. Did its job without doing more than it needed to. No bloat
and no bells or whistles, just a fine program as far as I could tell.
I can't add anything else to Tung-Sheng's comment as I also have never
been able to justify the $$ for partition magic. Nothing magic about
partitions that I know of - mostly just tedious calculations - and
fips handled those well for me.
>
>eze wrote:
>
>> i m a newbie!
>>
>> fips or Partition Magic to install Linux?
>>
>> ------------------ Posted via CNET Linux Help ------------------
>> http://www.searchlinux.com
>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Nightfever)
Subject: Re: Need good sites for unix/linux
Date: Thu, 05 Aug 1999 17:51:55 GMT
http://www.download.com/pc/cdoor/0,323,0-355,00.html?st.dl.fd.platforms.cat355
On Wed, 04 Aug 1999 14:35:32 +0800, Kelvin Tsang <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>Hi,
>
>Which sites are the best sources for Unix/Linux
>software ?
>
>Thanks,
>Kelvin
>
>
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: How to install from RedHat 6 CD
Date: Thu, 05 Aug 1999 18:37:39 GMT
I recently bought RedHat 6.0 GPL Update 3 from Linux System Labs
(www.lsl.com) and I was excited because I had already installed Linux by
downloading it but I made a mess of the whole thing. I don't know why,
but after I stuck in the CD and rebooted I sort of expected the CD to
boot an installation program. Anyway, it didn't and now I don't know
what I'm supposed to do. I don't know any way of accesing the D drive
in Linux and I don't think I can really do anything through Windows.
The installation program that I had used before doesn't have the
driver for my CDROM. Thanks for any help.
Matt Bowyer
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Pearce)
Subject: Quick Question: ISO files
Date: Thu, 05 Aug 1999 18:50:19 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
If I download the Mandrake ISO onto a network drive using WS_FTP LE in
a Windows/Novell network environment and then 'copy' the ISO file onto
the local harddrive of a different Windows NT machine so that I can
burn the image onto CD-R, will the file get corrupted during the
'copy' manuver? If it will, can I download the ISO using Netscape and
still maintain the integrity of the ISO file? The NT box with the
CD-R burner only has Netscape and no FTP access/proggie (they were all
stripped off).
I did this exact thing two days ago and got a spiffy, blue coaster for
my efforts!
Please feel free to reply via email, in addition to posting in the NG,
after removing the obvious in this email addy:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
TIA
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Linux and NT on one system....help!!!
Date: Thu, 05 Aug 1999 18:04:48 GMT
In article <7oa87j$vgv$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> I had Windows NT installed on my system. I installed Redhat linux 6.0
> on the same system. But lilo gave me an error message during the
> installation process when I tried to include the NT partition in the
> boot sequence. So I omitted it for now. How can I setup the computer
> now so I can boot both systems. I have linux running now and it's
> working great of course. But I need to run NT sometimes. What should
I
> do?
>
> Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
> Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
>
I have a dual-boot WindowsNT and Linux (RH 5.1) system. I made mine
dual-boot with the following lilo configuration file (/etc/lilo.conf):
boot=/dev/hda
map=/boot/map
install=/boot/boot.b
prompt
timeout=50
image=/boot/vmlinuz
label=linux
root=/dev/hda6
read-only
image=/boot/vmlinuz.old
label=linux.old
root=/dev/hda6
read-only
other=/dev/hda1
label=winnt
table=/dev/hda
This boots Linux by default. I can boot NT by typing "winnt" and the
boot: prompt. The timeout value gives me 50 seconds to type in winnt
before booting Linux by default.
Hope this helps....
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Ian Jackson)
Crossposted-To: gnu.announce,alt.sources.d
Subject: adns - alternative resolver library 0.4 ALPHA released
Date: Thu, 5 Aug 1999 01:47:56 +0100 (BST)
=====BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE=====
A new public release of adns, 0.4 ALPHA, is now available.
adns is an advanced, easy to use, asynchronous-capable DNS stub
resolver library for C (and C++) programs. For a full list of
features and benefits, see the adns www page, listed below.
This release is made available for review and testing.
Unfortunately there is no documentation yet, but experienced
programmers should find the commented public API header file
comprehensible.
For more information, including details of the adns mailing lists,
full documentation on-line and the distribution files, visit
http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~ian/adns/
adns is also available via the GNU FTP site and its mirrors, listed
below. 0.4 ALPHA will be available there, and at its mirrors, as soon
as possible.
If you have queries, please join the adns-discuss mailing list in
preference to mailing the author. Thank you.
MD5 checksums:
c265847570793a2e75c87324859ba28a adns-0.2-0.4.diff.gz
58f7a25fb2d31e4489c261ba1784765d adns-0.3-0.4.diff.gz
fc7b0092b5176ad05b4bd1e0ddaae62b adns-0.4.tar.gz
Changes since last version (0.3 ALPHA):
General important bugfixes:
* make _qf_owner work if _qf_search not specified, and test it (oops!)
* ads->configerrno now initialised (in setup.c).
* timercmp(,,<=) doesn't work - use !timercmp(,,>).
* Changed memory semantics of internal queries to fix bugs.
* Restarting a TCP-using query (eg due to CNAME) doesn't abort.
Fixes for handling of broken kinds of reply:
* Only accept a reply from the subset of servers we sent the query.
* Ignore CNAME(s) in answer after RR(s) (and test).
Other bugfixes and improvements:
* adns_s_systemfail is in table of errors (for eg adns_strerror).
* Do not ship config.cache, Makefile, etc.
* Improvements to install instructions, TODO, etc.
* Regression tests compile on systems without poll(2).
* Do not install adnstest_s.
* _submit returns ENOSYS, not adns_s_unknownquery; documented, tested.
* <adns.h> includes <sys/types.h>, <sys/time.h>, <unistd.h>.
Changes from 0.2 ALPHA to 0.3 ALPHA (not previously seen on info-gnu):
Incompatible changes:
* Low adns_status values (below adns_s_max_tempfail) renumbered to make
room for future locally-induced and locally-detected errors.
* Event loop functions for use by select(2) renamed and tidied up.
Features / improvements:
* New adns_errabbrev() for getting status abbreviation strings.
* checkall prints passed list as well as failed list, if any failed.
* Event loop functions for poll(2), and some raw variants.
* adnstest has ability to use poll(2), and user can set initflags.
* You can iterate over outstanding queries (but only once at a time).
Bugfixes:
* Non-RFC822 mailbox `domain' formatting now works, and clarified.
* Rejection of bad characters in domains (without quoteok) works.
* Clean up parents from adns->childw (otherwise would abort/segfault).
* In adnstest, allocate enough space for, and terminate, query types.
* In adnstest, don't print errno values as adns_status values.
* Added TODO file.
* Made adnstest.c test context pointers.
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Australia:
Australia - archie.au/gnu (archie.oz or archie.oz.au for ACSnet)
Australia - ftp.progsoc.uts.edu.au/pub/gnu
Australia - mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/gnu
Asia:
Japan - tron.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pub/GNU/prep
Japan - ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp/pub/gnu
Japan - mirror.nucba.ac.jp/mirror/GNU/
Korea - cair-archive.kaist.ac.kr/pub/gnu (Internet address 143.248.186.3)
Saudi Arabia - ftp.isu.net.sa/pub/mirrors/prep.ai.mit.edu/
Taiwan - ftp.edu.tw/UNIX/gnu/
Taiwan - ftp.nctu.edu.tw/UNIX/gnu/
Taiwan - ftp1.sinica.edu.tw/pub3/GNU/gnu/
Thailand - ftp.nectec.or.th/pub/mirrors/gnu (Internet address - 192.150.251.32)
Europe:
Austria - ftp.univie.ac.at/packages/gnu
Austria - gd.tuwien.ac.at/gnu/gnusrc
Belgium - ftp.be.gnu.org/
Austria - http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/gnu/gnusrc/
Czech Republic - ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/gnu/
Denmark - ftp.denet.dk/mirror/ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu
Denmark - ftp.dkuug.dk/pub/gnu/
Finland - ftp.funet.fi/pub/gnu
France - ftp.univ-lyon1.fr/pub/gnu
France - ftp.irisa.fr/pub/gnu
Germany - ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de/pub/comp/os/unix/gnu/
Germany - ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/gnu
Germany - ftp.de.uu.net/pub/gnu
Greece - ftp.forthnet.gr/pub/gnu
Greece - ftp.ntua.gr/pub/gnu
Greece - ftp.aua.gr/pub/mirrors/GNU (Internet address 143.233.187.61)
Hungary - ftp.kfki.hu/pub/gnu
Ireland - ftp.esat.net/pub/gnu (Internet address 193.120.14.241)
Italy - ftp.oasi.gpa.it/pub/gnu
Netherlands - ftp.eu.net/gnu (Internet address 192.16.202.1)
Netherlands - ftp.nluug.nl/pub/gnu
Netherlands - ftp.win.tue.nl/pub/gnu (Internet address 131.155.70.19)
Norway - ftp.ntnu.no/pub/gnu (Internet address 129.241.11.142)
Poland - ftp.task.gda.pl/pub/gnu
Portugal - ftp.ci.uminho.pt/pub/mirrors/gnu
Portugal - http://ciumix.ci.uminho.pt/mirrors/gnu/
Portugal - ftp.ist.utl.pt/pub/gnu
Russia - ftp.chg.ru/pub/gnu/
Slovenia - ftp.arnes.si/pub/software/gnu
Spain - ftp.etsimo.uniovi.es/pub/gnu
Sweden - ftp.isy.liu.se/pub/gnu
Sweden - ftp.stacken.kth.se
Sweden - ftp.luth.se/pub/unix/gnu
Sweden - ftp.sunet.se/pub/gnu (Internet address 130.238.127.3)
Also mirrors the Mailing List Archives.
Sweden - ftp.chl.chalmers.se/pub/gnu/
Switzerland - ftp.eunet.ch/mirrors4/gnu
Switzerland - sunsite.cnlab-switch.ch/mirror/gnu (Internet address 193.5.24.1)
United Kingdom - ftp.mcc.ac.uk/pub/gnu (Internet address 130.88.203.12)
United Kingdom - unix.hensa.ac.uk/mirrors/gnu
United Kingdom - ftp.warwick.ac.uk (Internet address 137.205.192.14)
United Kingdom - SunSITE.doc.ic.ac.uk/gnu (Internet address 193.63.255.4)
]
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