Linux-Misc Digest #587, Volume #26 Tue, 19 Dec 00 08:13:02 EST
Contents:
Re: Something better than ftime? (David Hassett)
Pine configuration (Peter Rodriguez)
Re: Need MINIMAL Linux for a laptop dinosaur... (John Forkosh)
answer (Sebastian Hans)
Re: Shell Calculator (Sebastian Hans)
Re: Setting my hardware clock to atomic clock? (Robert Jones)
Re: How does an OS really work? (Jean-David Beyer)
Dial in on a client, pinging the server and sending the dyn ip over email
([EMAIL PROTECTED])
/home to an own mountpoint ?? (Christian Wenz)
Re: sendmail (Jean-David Beyer)
Re: /home to an own mountpoint ?? (Michael Heiming)
Re: bootable raid 1 (Chas2K)
Re: Pine configuration (kristian ragndahl)
Re: Pine configuration (kristian ragndahl)
Re: how can I configue desk guide (Lew Pitcher)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: David Hassett <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Something better than ftime?
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 10:16:47 +0000
Richard T. Mills wrote:
> I figured out that I could use ftime() to get millisecond granularity,
> but does anyone know of anything better?
Like it says in the ftime() man page, use gettimeofday(). The ftime()
funtion is obsolete.
man 2 gettimeofday
Cheers,
Dave. :-)
--
I am currently an unemployed graduate. If you are recruiting in the
UK (especially in Leeds), and are interested in talking to me, here
is my CV: <URL: http://cgi.behemoth.plus.com/htdocs/cv/index.html >
I look forward to hearing from you. :-) All serious offers welcome.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 10:50:39 +0000
From: Peter Rodriguez <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Pine configuration
Can anyone tell me how to set up Pine to receive messages, please? I
have got the "compose", "send" and newsreading parts working OK, but I
can't find where to enter details of my pop3 server.
Any help gratefully received :-)
--
Peter Rodriguez
Auckland, New Zealand
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (John Forkosh)
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux
Subject: Re: Need MINIMAL Linux for a laptop dinosaur...
Date: 19 Dec 2000 11:27:08 GMT
D'Arque Bishop ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
: I've got a bit of a problem here, and I was hoping someone out there might
: be able to help me. I've got an NEC Versa V/50 laptop w/ a 486/SX CPU, 4
: MB of RAM, a 500 MB hard drive, and a 14.4k PCMCIA modem. What I'm wanting
: to do is put a very minimal Linux on this laptop. Basically, ALL it would
: be required to do is dial up a remote PC using minicom. In fact, if it
: wasn't for the fact that the boot/root disks for Slackware require a minimum
: of 8 MB of RAM, I'd just use the a1 disk series of Slack.
As I recall, you can get by with 4MB by installing a swap partition
immediately after loading boot/root disks, before trying to run setup.
: Unfortunately,
: the earliest distro available on their website is 3.3.
That sounds like it should be old enough to support above procedure,
but I'm not entirely sure. I know you could do it with 4MB at some time
in the past. Check the readme, install, etc files in the 3.3 main
directory and in the boot.144 subdirectory. It's discussed somewhere
among those files.
: :( Does anyone have
: any recommendations for a distro and config of Linux that could be used to
: make this laptop into a simple dial-up terminal?
------------------------------
From: Sebastian Hans <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: answer
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 12:37:24 +0100
------------------------------
From: Sebastian Hans <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Shell Calculator
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 12:44:33 +0100
Jos� Luis Domingo L�pez wrote:
>
> Just execute "calcula 2*5" and you'll get the result in stdout.
You'll still have to quote the asterisk, of course.
HAND
seb
--
-------------------=====#####OOOOOOOO#####=====----c---c----------
sebastian hans - [EMAIL PROTECTED] `\O/' don't panic
student of comp sci - technical university of munich \-^-/ ...just RUN
i'm a .signature virus! copy me into your ~/.signature to help me spread
------------------------------
From: Robert Jones <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Setting my hardware clock to atomic clock?
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 06:14:49 -0600
Bill Unruh wrote:
> In <91ljq8$k33$[EMAIL PROTECTED]> "Dan Jacobson" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>writes:
>
> >"Garry Knight" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> >news:910okt$apr$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> >> In article <DvMY5.22123$[EMAIL PROTECTED]> "Paul"
> >> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >>
> >> > lcooke wrote:
> >> >
> >> >> I want to use cron to run a util to check the time via the net and
> >> >> set my clock when/if there's a difference in the hardware clock.
>
> >> ntpdate ntp0.freeserve.net && hwclock --systohc
>
> A better option is to use chrony. It can both keep track of your
> hardware clock so that it can set the system clock accurately on bootup
> even if your hardware clock drifts, and go onto the net to use atomic
> clocks to keep your system withing afew milliseconds of accurate time.
>
> You set it up so that it goes on net only when you are connected using
> the ip-up and ip-down script.
>
> /etc/chrony.conf
> server x.x.x.x offline
> driftfile /etc/chrony.drift
> logdir /var/log/chrony
> log tracking
> keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
> commandkey 25
> maxupdateskew 100.0
> dumponexit
> dumpdir /var/log/chrony
> rtcfile /etc/chrony.rtc
> initstepslew 30 x.x.x.x
>
> where x.x.x.x is the ip of an ntp server.
>
> /etc/chrony.keys
> 25 yyyyyyyy
>
> (this is your password to be able to carry out commands with chronyc)
>
> /etc/ip-up.local
> chronyc<<EOF
> password yyyyyyyy
> online
> EOF
>
> /etc/ppp/ip-down
> chronyc<<EOF
> password yyyyyyyy
> offline
> EOF
>
> And in /etc/rc.d/rc.local put
>
> chrony -r -s
>
> instead of the clock intialisation routines there (hwclock)
Thanks for posting concise instructions for chrony. I attempted to set it up when I
first
started using Linux, failed miserably and went with ntpdate instead.
--
People never lie so much as after a hunt, during a war, or before an election.
-- Otto Von Bismarck
6:09am up 66 days, 36 min, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.02, 0.00
------------------------------
From: Jean-David Beyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: How does an OS really work?
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 07:26:28 -0500
Chen Wang wrote:
>
> Hi all, recently I was involved in a discussion
> on OS issues and found out that I was unable
> to address some basic concepts, despite the
> OS courses I've been through. (reading the
> dinasaur book, writing the nachos simulator
> os)
>
> The problem is simple: If I were given a computer
> without ANY software on it and there were no
> existing os available, What would be the steps
> to booting it up and running with a small OS?
On an IBM 704 computer, which was kind-of simple (top of the IBM line in
the mid to late 1950s), the way programs were run until the thought of
writing operating systems, went like this assuming your programs were on
punched cards:
Press CLEAR button. This wrote 0's in the entire machine's memory.
Press the LOAD CARDS button. This turned on the motor of the card
reader, executed a RDS (Read Select Card Reader) instruction, executed a
CPY (Copy) instruction that read the first 36 columns of the 9-row of
the card into memory location 0, executed another CPY instruction that
read the second 36 columns of the 9-row into memory location 1. The
machine had 36-bit words and 36-bit instructions. The Program Counter
Register was then cleared (so that the machine would execute the
instruction in memory location 0. After executing the instruction in
location 0, the machine would execute the instruction in location 1,
etc., unless the instruction were a transfer (jump) or conditional
transfer instruction. Actually, the CPY instruction was a sort-of
conditional instruction, but I won't confuse you with the details.
Subsequent CPY instructions would read the rest of the rows on that
first card. What you better have in the 9-row was the right instructions
to read the rest of that first card, and the instructions on that first
card better be what it took to read in the rest of your program. It
could be done.
There was also a LOAD TAPE button that would do the same thing with a
magnetic tape. I think there was also a LOAD DRUM button. Magnetic drums
were like disk drives, but there was a head for every track so you did
not have the head-positioning-seek delays (though you still had the seek
delays for rotational latency time). Since most people used the drums
for scratch space, you could not rely on anything being there from one
job to the next, unless you put it there on the first job and read it in
on the second, so I never saw anyone ever press the LOAD DRUM button.
I was going to tell you how to start up a PDP-5 with those little toggle
switches on the front panel, but I won't. IIRC, you had to enter about
16 instructions (fortunately only 12 bits each) to get enough program in
there to load in the first card so you could load the program. The thing
had only 4096 12-bit words of memory, so the programs did not get too
big. Those were the bad old days.
>
> When this question is asked, immediately the
> shortcomings of my education become obvious.
> I only can talk about OS concepts on paper,
> or I can only talk about a simulated OS (such
> as NACHOS) that have so far avoided the
> basic questions that would have been faced
> with anyone attempting to write an OS from
> scratch.
>
> Some related questions are: How does
> hardware really get driven by software?
> When a hardware device gets plugged in,
> how does a device driver really work?
You might wish to read a couple of hardware books. I do not know if they
are still in print, but a good electrical engineering library should
have these. These are:
1.) "Arithmetic Operations In Digital Computers", by R.K.Richards, 1955,
D. Van Nostrand Company (no ISBNs in those days).
2.) "Digital Computer Components And Circuits", by R.K.Richards, 1957,
D. Van Nostrand Company (still no ISBNs). This one is more "dated" than
the previous one.
3.) "Electronic Digital Systems", by R.K.Richards, 1966, John Wiley &
Sons.
Richards was an Engineer at IBM.
>
> Any pointers to these questions will be
> greatly appreciated!
--
.~. Jean-David Beyer Registered Linux User 85642.
/V\ Registered Machine 73926.
/( )\ Shrewsbury, New Jersey
^^-^^ 7:05am up 14 days, 15:52, 2 users, load average: 2.33, 2.17, 2.03
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Dial in on a client, pinging the server and sending the dyn ip over email
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 12:18:32 GMT
Hi out there,
is it possible to do the following:
1) Dial up a client via ISDM-Line. No connection required, just dialing. The
client should identify the incoming number. After doing that, he sould do:
2) ping a server in the Internet, unknown to the LAN, so that the server will
establish a connection via DSL to an ISP.The IP-Adresse is dynamic. Then:
3) Generate an email which contains the dynamic ip and send it instanly to
the ISP.
Why doing that? :)
Well, we have a local area network with four clients, connected to the
internet through a DSL connection. Because we neither have a flatrate nor a
static ip, this would be a possibility for a remote login/ftp to get data
files from the server or clients ion the LAN. Unfortunatly, I'm pretty new in
Linux (BTW: SuSE 7.0 Distro), so I'm not able to complete the task yet :)
-j
Sent via Deja.com
http://www.deja.com/
------------------------------
From: Christian Wenz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: /home to an own mountpoint ??
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 13:34:33 +0100
i work under suse 7.0 and my home-dir is mounted at /
now i want to give my home-dir an own mountpoint.
normally i do this with the help of yast but i am a little bit affraid,
cause if i link a partition which allready exists to the new mountpoint
/home i have to dirs
/home.
can somebody tell me how to do this work without loosing data ???
------------------------------
From: Jean-David Beyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: sendmail
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 07:35:23 -0500
Igor Borisovsky wrote:
>
> Hi!
>
> Whether it is possible so to adjust sendmail, that he at transfer
> Mail changed a field " Subject: " as necessary?
I have difficulty understanding what you want.
Do you mean:
Is it possible to configure sendmail so that when it sends (or do you
mean receives) mail, that the subject line is changed?
I do not understand why you would want to change the subject lines. The
place to do it would probably be in the client (e.g., mail, elm, mutt,
etc.) anyway, and not in sendmail.
--
.~. Jean-David Beyer Registered Linux User 85642.
/V\ Registered Machine 73926.
/( )\ Shrewsbury, New Jersey
^^-^^ 7:30am up 14 days, 16:17, 2 users, load average: 2.08, 2.10, 2.06
------------------------------
From: Michael Heiming <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: /home to an own mountpoint ??
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 14:53:56 +0100
Hello,
mv /home /home.old
mkdir /home
mount -t <what_you_have_made> /dev/blah /home
Now mv or (safer) cp the stuff from /home.old to the new destination,
don't forget the cp -p switch
to preserve the permissions....if unsure read man cp man mv, do first a ls
-al /home/* > home.perm.txt, just
in case you do something wrong, you have the right permissions
handy....:-)
Last: Don't forget to edit /etc/fstab...
Christian Wenz wrote:
> i work under suse 7.0 and my home-dir is mounted at /
> now i want to give my home-dir an own mountpoint.
> normally i do this with the help of yast but i am a little bit affraid,
> cause if i link a partition which allready exists to the new mountpoint
> /home i have to dirs
> /home.
> can somebody tell me how to do this work without loosing data ???
Good luck
Michael Heiming
Sysadmin
--
__ __ __ Virtueller Bau-Markt AG
\ / [__) [__] [ __ Meerbuscher Strasse 64
\/ [__) | | [_./ 40670 Meerbusch
www.vbag.de Michael Heiming ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
------------------------------
From: Chas2K <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To:
alt.linux,alt.os.linux.mandrake,alt.os.linux.slackware,alt.uu.comp.os.linux.questions,comp.os.linux.networking,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.setup,linux.dev.kernel
Subject: Re: bootable raid 1
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 07:50:51 -0500
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> t doesn't matter which drive i pull out, i get the same results
>
> On Mon, 18 Dec 2000 20:55:19 -0500, Chas2K
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> >[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> >>
> >> I am currently doing bootable raid 1 with all of the latest patches
> >> for
> >> 2.2.18 and then some.
> >> When I try to boot the system with either drive removed, I get a bunch
> >> of
> >> 010101010's in an endless loop.
> >> Yet, when both drives are in, the system comes up fine. What am I
> >> doing
> >> wrong?
> >>
> >> Using lilo 21.5
> >>
> >> lilo.conf.hda
> >>
> >> disk=/dev/md0
> >> bios=0x80
> >> sectors=63
> >> heads=15
> >> cylinders=13328
> >> partition=/dev/md1
> >> start=63
> >> boot=/dev/hda
> >> map=/boot/map
> >> install=/boot/boot.b
> >> vga=normal
> >> default=vmlinux
> >> keytable=/boot/us.klt
> >> prompt
> >> timeout=50
> >> message=/boot/message
> >> menu-scheme=wb:bw:wb:bw
> >> image=/boot/vmlinuz
> >> label=vmlinuz
> >> root=/dev/md0
> >> append=" ide3=autotune ide1=autotune ide2=autotune hdh=ide-scsi"
> >> read-only
> >> image=/boot/vmlinux
> >> label=vmlinux
> >> root=/dev/md0
> >> append=" ide3=autotune ide1=autotune ide2=autotune hdh=ide-scsi"
> >> read-only
> >>
> >> lilo.conf.hdc
> >>
> >> disk=/dev/md0
> >> bios=0x81
> >> sectors=63
> >> heads=16
> >> cylinders=16278
> >> partition=/dev/md1
> >> start=63
> >> boot=/dev/hdc
> >> map=/boot/map
> >> install=/boot/boot.b
> >> vga=normal
> >> default=vmlinux
> >> keytable=/boot/us.klt
> >> prompt
> >> timeout=50
> >> message=/boot/message
> >> menu-scheme=wb:bw:wb:bw
> >> image=/boot/vmlinuz
> >> label=vmlinuz
> >> root=/dev/md0
> >> append=" ide3=autotune ide1=autotune ide2=autotune hdh=ide-scsi"
> >> read-only
> >> image=/boot/vmlinux
> >> label=vmlinux
> >> root=/dev/md0
> >> append=" ide3=autotune ide1=autotune ide2=autotune hdh=ide-scsi"
> >> read-only
> >
> >Looks like you're pulling out the drive with the boot sector on it. Is
> >your configuration mirroring all of the drives together, or just the
> >partitions with data?
> >
> >Chas2K
I got this same stream of blits when I took drive 0 off line and thought
I had made the 2nd drive active. Ok. I'm out of wisdom... anybody else?
--
======== * ===== www.unixstar.com =============
- Support a free and democratic Taiwan -
===============================================
------------------------------
From: kristian ragndahl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Pine configuration
Date: 19 Dec 2000 12:54:38 GMT
>>>>> "PR" == Peter Rodriguez <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
PR> Can anyone tell me how to set up Pine to receive messages,
PR> please? I have got the "compose", "send" and newsreading parts
PR> working OK, but I can't find where to enter details of my pop3
PR> server.
Pine -> SETUP -> Config ->
inbox-path = {your_popserver/pop3/user=your_username}
and next time you'll be prompted for the password.
This is in the Pine FAQ;
http://www.washington.edu/pine/faq/config.html#9.3
--
kristian ragndahl, http://www.ragndahl.cx/
------------------------------
From: kristian ragndahl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Pine configuration
Date: 19 Dec 2000 13:00:26 GMT
>>>>> "kr" == kristian ragndahl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>>>>> "PR" == Peter Rodriguez <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
PR> Can anyone tell me how to set up Pine to receive messages,
PR> please? I have got the "compose", "send" and newsreading parts
PR> working OK, but I can't find where to enter details of my pop3
PR> server.
kr> Pine -> SETUP -> Config ->
kr> inbox-path = {your_popserver/pop3/user=your_username}
Sorry, should be
inbox-path = {your_popserver/pop3/user=your_username}INBOX
--
kristian ragndahl, http://www.ragndahl.cx/
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Lew Pitcher)
Subject: Re: how can I configue desk guide
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2000 13:08:33 GMT
On Mon, 18 Dec 2000 22:40:18 -0600, Weisong Wang
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
Please don't do that...
>Tonight, when I log in linux 7.0, I found the desk guide only had one
>desktop for me. I could not switch desktops any more!!
>It is no use to change the settings of its properties. Could you help
>me?
>Could you tell me which parameter is important to devide the desktop?
Sorry, but you are going to have to give us a lot more information
before we can help you.
- What Desktop Manager (i.e. Gnome or KDE or ???) are you using?
- What Window Manager (i.e. Enlightnment or Blackbox or ???) are you
using?
- What version of X are you using?
- What Linux distribution are you using?
BTW, there is no such thing as "Linux 7.0"; the highest release of
Linux is currently 2.4.0-pre??. I suspect that the version number you
quote ("7.0") is really the version number for your particular
distribution.
Lew Pitcher
Information Technology Consultant
Toronto Dominion Bank Financial Group
([EMAIL PROTECTED])
(Opinions expressed are my own, not my employer's.)
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Misc Digest
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