Linux-Misc Digest #574, Volume #27 Mon, 9 Apr 01 23:13:04 EDT
Contents:
Re: /opt vs. /usr/local (John Thompson)
Re: Re Linux Version (John Thompson)
Re: Are there any Screen grabber for Linux (John Thompson)
Re: Suppressing Redhat bootup output (John Thompson)
Re: Print error: "No filename for parameters given: Assume stcany." (John Thompson)
Re: I cannot print any .ps file ("Leonard Danao")
Re: breaking up large files into smaller pieces? (Jean-David Beyer)
Re: Ran RHN app and system is gone screwy.... (Mladen Gavrilovic)
subnet question (Aaron Brice)
Re: Suppressing Redhat bootup output ("Johnny A. Solbu")
Re: Two frustrating Samba problems... (Richard Steiner)
Spontaneous combustion (Christopher Wong)
Re: shutdown (Chiefy)
Re: Spontaneous combustion (Floyd Davidson)
Re: /opt vs. /usr/local ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: A Linux emulator for Linux, does this exist? ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: John Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: /opt vs. /usr/local
Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2001 16:40:12 -0500
Francois Labreque wrote:
> Why do some packages install themselves in /opt while others go in
> /usr/local?
>
> I assume this is for hysterical reasons, but I'd like to know.
Probably just tradition or something. I simply sym-linked
/usr/local to /opt and stopped fretting about it.
--
-John ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
------------------------------
From: John Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Re Linux Version
Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2001 16:42:51 -0500
"News.CIS.DFN.DE" wrote:
> if you mean the version of your linux kernel, the command is
> "kernelversion"
IIRC, "kernelversion" is simply a Debian shell script that calls
"uname" with the proper parameters. Try "uname -r" and see what
happens.
--
-John ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
------------------------------
From: John Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Are there any Screen grabber for Linux
Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2001 16:43:48 -0500
Robert wrote:
> I am using Linux RH7, i was wondering if there is any screen grabber to
> grabe the screen or window to the clipboard.
"xwd" is the tried-and-true method.
--
-John ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
------------------------------
From: John Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.system,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Suppressing Redhat bootup output
Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2001 16:45:31 -0500
Paul Haley wrote:
> I'm running Redhat 6.2 and would like to suppress the output on bootup, such
> as "Loading cron..... [OK]", etc. All I want is to have lilo say "loading
> linux" and then give me a login prompt, though of course I still want all
> the programs/processes to run, I just don't want them to output to the
> screen. I checked out the init scripts and nothing jumped out at me.
Why would you want to do this? The only reason you need to
reboot is when you change hardware or your kernel, and then you
want to see those messages to make sure things are working as
expected.
--
-John ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
------------------------------
From: John Thompson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Print error: "No filename for parameters given: Assume stcany."
Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2001 16:49:35 -0500
Achim Linder wrote:
> On Sun, 08 Apr 2001 13:23:48 -0500, John Thompson wrote:
>
> >Since updating printtool/printfilters on my RH6.1/kernel 2.2.18
> >system in an attempt to get support for multiple resolutions on
> >my Epson ESC600 printer I have been seeing the line above (in
> >"Subject:" field) appear at the top of all my print jobs.
>
> grep -2 stcany /usr/lib/rhs/rhs-printfilters/ps-to-printer.fpi
> # Set default *.upp driver (your default printer upp driver here)
> if [ "$COLOR" = "" ]; then
> COLOR="stcany"
> echo "No filename for parameters given. Assume $COLOR."
> fi
>
> COLOR is assigned via
> source ${SPOOLDIR}/postscript.cfg
Thank you. Printing is still an arcane area for me, but I'm
working on it.
--
-John ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
------------------------------
From: "Leonard Danao" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: I cannot print any .ps file
Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2001 01:17:56 GMT
"Juergen Pfann" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> I still don't quite understand : Are you able to print PS and text files
> with this printer, using lpr, in generally - or aren't you ?
I am able to print ps and text files from lpr. but it seems not the ones
generated using pdf2ps.
> Do for instance ghostscript's examples work ?
Yes GS samples do work, but it seems not the chess example
> Tried to customize e.g. the various gslp, gslj, etc. scripts that come
> with gs ? Do these work ?
I have not tried these scripts but I will surely do
> Or, is the above pdf file the _only_ one that doesn't work ?
no the others that I have converted do not work either. i have over 400 of
them
> If so, in the extract above I notice some CRs without NLs - was that
> PDF file originated at a Mac ? - Maybe that's the problem's core...
The files where generated using acrobat distiller from a PC
> Maybe try to convert that file with "tr '\015' '\012' <filename
> >file.tmp".
> Does "lpr file.tmp" work now ?
> Just some ideas - if I got your problem right...
>
> Juergen
The steps I had to take to get this file to print was
1. pdf2ps myfile.pdf
i am able to view this ps file using gs myfile.ps
2. gs -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOUTPUTFILE=myfile2.ps myfile.ps
3. lpr -Plj4000 myfile2.ps
Thanks again I really appreciate this
This was the original with the reply
"Leonard Danao" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:...
D/L The enhanced printing system from lpr.sourceforge.net using the sh
utility to d/l the necessary binaries for my distribution.
my problem is
I cannot print any .ps file by issuing the following command
lpr -P lj4000 any.ps
I am able to send PS test prints from Printtool as well as text.
the following rpms are installed
hp-ppd-0.3-1
printfilters-2.02-1
libprinterconf-devel-0.3-1
libprinterconf-0.3-1
printtool-4.03-1
the Printcap file has the following
##PRINTTOOL3## DIRECT POSTSCRIPT 1200x1200 letter {} HPLaserJet4000_PS
Default {}
lj4000:\
:sd=/var/spool/lpd/lj4000:\
:mx#0:\
:sh:\
:if=/var/spool/lpd/lj4000/filter:\
:af=/var/spool/lpd/lj4000/acct:\
:lp=/dev/null:\
:ppdfile=/usr/share/postscript/ppd/HP_LaserJet_4000_Series.ppd:
Any ideas?
This was my REPLY
OK let me clarify this.
Its probably not my setup with what i have.
I have a pdf file generated by acrobat distiller.
here is the file format
[root@web-linux pdffiles]# od -c file.pdf |more
0000000 % P D F - 1 . 2 \r % � � � � \r \n
0000020 3 0 o b j \r < < \r / L i n
0000040 e a r i z e d 1 \r / O 5
0000060 \r / H [ 6 7 7 1 5 9 ]
0000100 \r / L 6 2 8 4 \r / E 5 9 6
0000120 0 \r / N 1 \r / T 6 1 0 7
0000140 \r > > \r e n d o b j \r
as you can see the first line specifies that it is a pdf file.
I can view this file using acroread from adobe and I am able to print it
from there using the printing tool mentioned below.
this file is then converted to .ps with the pdf2ps utility from Ghostscript
I can see what the file was converted to using
#gs file.ps and it looks fine
I then try to print the file outputted to ps it goes to the printer then it
hangs in the printer saying processing it does not cancel and clear unless i
shut off the printer.
I did get this to print by converting the ps file again using
gs -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOUTPUTFILE=myfile.ps any.ps
then doing a
lpr -Plj4000 any.ps
too many steps too. I know I am doing this all hokey but I have not been
succesful in getting lpr to print the converted file from pdf2ps.
also I havent been successful in using ghostscript to print the pdf files
also...any pointers...
I hope that clarifies everything
------------------------------
From: Jean-David Beyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: breaking up large files into smaller pieces?
Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2001 21:21:01 -0400
Omar Stoltzfus wrote:
>
> Peter Bismuti wrote:
>
> > I want to backup a file that is several gigabytes onto CDR. I vaguely
> > remember there being a unix program that will chop up files into smaller
> > chunks and then reassemble them. Can anyone tell me what the name of that
> > program is?
> >
> > Thanks
>
> try split.
>
> I'd be more specific, but its been years since I actually used it.
The O.P. should be sure to read the manual page.
I knew someone who had a really big file and wanted to split it into
two pieces, so he typed split -2 reallybigfile and got a zillion
2-line files. The trouble is that this ran the system out of i-nodes,
so it sort-of crashed. As fast as I could delete bunches of files, he
created more. The machine ran too slowly to find his pid for a while,
so that was a problem, too. And split started generating untypeable
file names (with # and @ in them, IIRC which, in the old days acted as
backspace and ^U). It was awful, but we managed to save the system
without rebooting.
--
.~. Jean-David Beyer Registered Linux User 85642.
/V\ Registered Machine 73926.
/( )\ Shrewsbury, New Jersey http://counter.li.org
^^-^^ 9:15pm up 8 days, 4:04, 3 users, load average: 2.13, 2.12, 2.09
------------------------------
From: Mladen Gavrilovic <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Ran RHN app and system is gone screwy....
Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2001 01:20:58 GMT
JNJ wrote:
> I'm a tad new to this -- any FAQs out there to give some guidance on this?
http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html
http://www.redhat.com/support/manuals/RHL-7-Manual/ref-guide/s1-sysadmin-build-kernel.html
> A thought -- would it be easier to just do a kernel upgrade
> altogether?
The difficulty would be the same. If you have a reason for wanting a
new kernel, you should update it. If you don't, 2.2.17 works fine.
> (Is
> 2.2.17 the latest RH kernel? I know 2.4.3 is out....)
Well, it's the updated kernel for RH 7. In Rawhide the kernel is
"kernel-2.4.2-0.1.28". In Wolverine (RH 7.1 beta) it is
"kernel-2.4.1-0.1.9".
The links above should explain about editing lilo.conf and such. If,
after you've read them, you still don't understand something, e-mail me.
Regards,
Mladen
------------------------------
From: Aaron Brice <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: subnet question
Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2001 01:34:44 GMT
This is more of a networking question than a linux question I guess..
I recently set up a linux computer seperate from my main computer and
ordered a new IP address for it from the @home cable modem service
thingy. I'm trying to connect to my linux computer from my Win98
computer using Reflection X. It connects ok, but it's very slow. I
noticed that the IP address @home gave me for the linux computer is on a
different subnet from my original Win98 computer. So I'm guessing that
instead of communicating through the 100Mbps hub, the stuff is being
routed through the cable modem?? Or is using KDE over a kdm connection
just inherently slow?
Is there any way that I can specify an IP address as being part of my
subnet, even though the it doesn't match the subnet mask?
Thanks for any help you can give me.
------------------------------
From: "Johnny A. Solbu" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.system,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Suppressing Redhat bootup output
Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2001 03:49:01 +0200
> The only reason you need to reboot is when you change hardware or your =
kernel
Why does "every" Linux user assume that the hole
world leaves their computers powered on at all times???
A significant number of Linux users do NOT leave their=20
computers powered ON when they are done computing.
Also a significant number of Linux users does not run a server
or have a 24/7 connection. They don't even have a LAN.
So shutting down their boxes is as natural as eating every day.
--=20
Solbu - http://move.to/johnny.solbu
Remove _SPAMBLOCK_ for email
*********************************************
PGP key ID: 0xFA687324
*********************************************
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Richard Steiner)
Subject: Re: Two frustrating Samba problems...
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2001 20:35:47 -0500
Here in comp.os.linux.misc, "Hiawatha Bray" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
spake unto us, saying:
>I don't get it. The replies should crosspost too, unless you tell them
>otherwise. So it should work the same way. Each reply appears in several
>newsgroups, but only one copy is stored on the server. So there's no
>extra bandwidth load...right?
That should be correct, assuming everyone's newsreader (and newsserver)
works properly.
--
-Rich Steiner >>>---> [EMAIL PROTECTED] >>>---> Eden Prairie, MN
OS/2 + BeOS + Linux + Solaris + Win95 + WinNT4 + FreeBSD + DOS
+ PC/GEOS + Fusion + vMac + Executor = PC Hobbyist Heaven! :-)
Sleep is for those who can't handle Cyberspace.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Wong)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Spontaneous combustion
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2001 02:23:13 GMT
I wonder if anyone can give me a hint as to how to diagnose and/or fix
my problem. My Red Hat 7 system reboots spontaneously from time to time,
and fsck runs because the filesystem was not cleanly unmounted. There
are usually fsck errors. It is as if someone pressed the reset switch on
the PC. It always happens on some sort of user input: a mouse click,
usually, or a page up keystroke.
I have run memtest86 for hours. I have tried different X servers (4.0.1,
4.0.2 and 3.3.6), different keyboards, different mice (PS/2 and USB) and
still see this problem. It occurs when using various X apps (Opera,
Applix, Netscape, Gimp), regardless of X toolkits (Qt, Gtk, Motif). I
have installed various Red Hat updates (glibc, kernel) and different
versions of KDE, to no avail.
Hardware: BC133KT motherboard, Duron 700 CPU, 128MB Ram, ATI XPert98 PCI
video, 2 Netgear FA310TX PCI network adaptors, one internal ISA
modem. Software: Red Hat 7 with a whole bunch of fixes, KDE 2.1, XFree86
4.0.2 (from Raw Hide) and 3.3.6 Mach64 X server. I'm just about out of
ideas. Anyone?
Thanks in advance,
Chris
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Chiefy)
Subject: Re: shutdown
Date: 10 Apr 2001 02:24:09 GMT
09 Apr 2001 20:21 UTC, Neil West did say to the dudes:
> I was trying to shutdown my computer remotely. I typed the shutdown -nr 1
> command and the system shutdown but when it rebooted and I try to telnet
Not sure if this explains what you've experienced, but...
>From 'man shutdown'
"-n [DEPRECATED] Don't call init(8) to do the shutdown
but do it ourself. The use of this option is dis-
couraged, and its results are not always what you'd
expect."
--
Chiefy. <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
If you try and don't succeed, cheat. Repeat until caught. Then lie.
------------------------------
From: Floyd Davidson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Re: Spontaneous combustion
Date: 09 Apr 2001 18:37:52 -0800
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Christopher Wong) wrote:
>I wonder if anyone can give me a hint as to how to diagnose and/or fix
>my problem. My Red Hat 7 system reboots spontaneously from time to time,
>and fsck runs because the filesystem was not cleanly unmounted. There
>are usually fsck errors. It is as if someone pressed the reset switch on
>the PC. It always happens on some sort of user input: a mouse click,
>usually, or a page up keystroke.
>
>I have run memtest86 for hours. I have tried different X servers (4.0.1,
>4.0.2 and 3.3.6), different keyboards, different mice (PS/2 and USB) and
>still see this problem. It occurs when using various X apps (Opera,
>Applix, Netscape, Gimp), regardless of X toolkits (Qt, Gtk, Motif). I
>have installed various Red Hat updates (glibc, kernel) and different
>versions of KDE, to no avail.
>
>Hardware: BC133KT motherboard, Duron 700 CPU, 128MB Ram, ATI XPert98 PCI
>video, 2 Netgear FA310TX PCI network adaptors, one internal ISA
>modem. Software: Red Hat 7 with a whole bunch of fixes, KDE 2.1, XFree86
>4.0.2 (from Raw Hide) and 3.3.6 Mach64 X server. I'm just about out of
>ideas. Anyone?
>
>Thanks in advance,
>
>Chris
That is almost certainly a hardware problem. Changing software is
not going to have any effect at all.
You can try things like reseating all connections to the motherboard
(such as IDE cables, etc.) and reseating the memory cards and the
cpu. If all else fails, get a new motherboard.
--
Floyd L. Davidson <http://www.ptialaska.net/~floyd>
Ukpeagvik (Barrow, Alaska) [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: /opt vs. /usr/local
Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2001 02:54:41 GMT
Frank Ranner <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Francois Labreque wrote:
> > Why do some packages install themselves in /opt while others go in
> > /usr/local?
> >
> > I assume this is for hysterical reasons, but I'd like to know.
> The main advantage of /opt is that it collects all the read-only
> components of a package into a single point. This means you can have
> a server with a directory /opt/bigpackage that is NFS exported. On
> your workstation you can have an empty directory, /opt/bigpackage
> which NFS-mounts from the server. Machine specific config
> information would be stored on your workstation in
> /etc/opt/bigpackage, while user specific configs would be in your
> home directory, in file ..bigpackagerc or directory .bigpackage.
> The File System Standard goes into the layout, but doesn't mention
> the NFS aspect above. I can't remember where I read about that.
The other notable difference between /usr/local and /opt is that
/usr/local is _expressly_ intended to be for Stuff You're Managing
Locally. Package managers are expressly not supposed to do ANYTHING,
AT ALL, with /usr/local.
In contrast, /opt is intended to be for "extensions from what is
considered operating system stuff;" it's quite fair for that to be
managed using RPM/dpkg.
--
(reverse (concatenate 'string "gro.gultn@" "enworbbc"))
http://vip.hyperusa.com/~cbbrowne/resume.html
"[In the first lecture of a course on complexity theory]. If I teach
this course thoroughly enough, none of you will attempt the exam
questions on this topic, and I shall consider this to be a complete
success." -- Arthur Norman
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: A Linux emulator for Linux, does this exist?
Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2001 02:54:42 GMT
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Grant Edwards) writes:
> In article <9at3ri$gc3$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Hermann
> Samso wrote:
>> I am searching for a Linux emulator for Linux. Does such a beast
>> exist?
> Yes. You can run multiple instances of Linux on an IBM 390. One
> guy at IBM reportedly had 4000+ instances of Linux running on a
> signle box. It's a very cool concept: instead of racks and racks of
> servers that all need to be maintained, you buy a single 390 and run
> umpteen copies of Linux: one as a DNS server, one as an IMAP server,
> one as an NNTP server, a few dozen as HTTP servers, a few as
> database servers, etc. There are virutual network channels between
> the instances, and they can share disk space.
>> I think this could be useful for System developement,
> Definitely. That's way machines like the 390 have always had fully
> virtualizable designs. That way you can run multiple OSes on one
> box. Can't affort to give every system programmer his own physical
> machine? Then give each one a virtual machine or two.
>> without needing to have more than 1 powerful computer for
>> programming and testing.
> Unfortunately, due to the mind-numbing backwardness of the Intel CPU
> design, it is not easily virtualizable. So there's no nice to set
> up multiple virtual machines on one physical machine if you're
> talking about the x86.
> If Intel had done a better job on the 386, we probably would be able
> to run multiple virtual machines on nice cheap hardware (vmware does
> it, but they put a _lot_ of work into it, and they want some payment
> for that work).
It is indeed quite unfortunate. The Multics guys indicate that there
were some aspects of addressing modes that came in on the Pentium Pro
(and thus later generations) that would be usefully supportive of some
of the multiple ring stuff Multics was famed for. [Unix generally
just has two rings: kernel/supervisor mode and user mode.]
Note that in addition to the [mucho expensive] IBM 390 option, the
[not vastly expensive] VMWare option, there are two others worth a
glance:
-> There is a "user mode Linux," where you run a kernel as a user
process. Certainly parallels VMWare, in functionality.
-> GNU Hurd does the microkernelled multiserver thing; there's a
kernel, with basic hardware, tasking, and memory management, atop
which are implemented a herd of daemons that implement the bulk of
the system. In theory, if not necessarily yet in practice, you
might reboot portions of the kernel on demand.
--
(reverse (concatenate 'string "gro.gultn@" "enworbbc"))
http://vip.hyperusa.com/~cbbrowne/resume.html
"[In the first lecture of a course on complexity theory]. If I teach
this course thoroughly enough, none of you will attempt the exam
questions on this topic, and I shall consider this to be a complete
success." -- Arthur Norman
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Misc Digest
******************************
