Linux-Networking Digest #347, Volume #12 Tue, 24 Aug 99 17:13:44 EDT
Contents:
Re: PPP Problems connecting - help! (Lindsay Patton)
Re: How do you create a hard link? ("Andrey Smirnov")
Re: Abdullah & Jessie (and any one else) (Abdullah Ramazanoglu)
Re: "Vacation" program w/out log in shell? ("Andrey Smirnov")
Re: small company IMAP email planning: best way? ("Andrey Smirnov")
ipppd problems connecting to ISP ("Hellmaker")
Re: collisions (newbie) ("Surya P Kommareddy")
Re: SMTP Server Problem ("Andrey Smirnov")
Re: Linux IP router (Thomas Kaemer)
Re: How do you create a hard link? (Bob_Deep)
Re: C++ templates: More than Turing Complete? (Nathan Myers)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Lindsay Patton <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: PPP Problems connecting - help!
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 08:51:36 -0700
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
It wants PAP. Pass pppd your Username and put an entry in
PAP secrets using that Username. I had the same problem with my ISP.
I followed the debug instructions here and was up and running in
ten minutes.
http://axion.physics.ubc.ca/ppp-linux.html
Rgds/Lindsay
Robert Berman wrote:
>
> I can't connect using Redhat 5.2 and ppp to my ISP. I don't know whether
> my ISP
> uses PAP or CHAP though I have tried to configure for both using both
> username and username@hostname in /etc/pap-secrets and
> /etc/chap-secrets.
>
> Below are 2 log files, the first with LCP tracing. I got the LCP
> tracing once by putting daemon.debug in /etc/syslog.conf, but can't seem
>
> to get it anymore. Now the log always looks like the 2nd log
> when I try to connect.
>
> I can connect fine from Windoze 95.
>
> Next step is to call my ISP.
>
> Any help would be appreciated. Thanks.
>
> Robert Berman
>
> First log excerpt:
>
> 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <magic
> 0x3b3a22c8> <pcomp> <accomp>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0xd8 <asyncmap
> 0xa0000> <auth pap> <magic 0xfb96054d> <pcomp> <accomp> < 11 04 05 f4> <
> 13 08 01 53 65 6c 6d 61>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP ConfRej id=0xd8 <auth
> pap> < 11 04 05 f4> < 13 08 01 53 65 6c 6d 61>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP ConfAck id=0x1 <magic
> 0x3b3a22c8> <pcomp> <accomp>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0xd9 <asyncmap
> 0xa0000> <auth pap> <magic 0xfb96054d> <pcomp> <accomp>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP ConfRej id=0xd9 <auth
> pap>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0xda <asyncmap
> 0xa0000> <auth pap> <magic 0xfb96054d> <pcomp> <accomp>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP ConfRej id=0xda <auth
> pap>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0xdb <asyncmap
> 0xa0000> <auth pap> <magic 0xfb96054d> <pcomp> <accomp>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP ConfRej id=0xdb <auth
> pap>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0xdc <asyncmap
> 0xa0000> <auth pap> <magic 0xfb96054d> <pcomp> <accomp>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP ConfRej id=0xdc <auth
> pap>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP TermReq id=0xdd]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP TermAck id=0xdd]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0xde <asyncmap
> 0xa0000> <auth pap> <magic 0xfb96054d> <pcomp> <accomp>]
> Aug 23 23:41:09 localhost pppd[542]: sent [LCP ConfRej id=0xde <auth
> pap>]
>
> This is the log I always get now:
>
> Aug 24 02:08:16 localhost pppd[397]: pppd 2.3.5 started by root, uid 0
> Aug 24 02:08:16 localhost pppd[397]: pppd 2.3.5 started by root, uid 0
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: abort on (BUSY)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: abort on (ERROR)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: abort on (NO CARRIER)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: abort on (NO DIALTONE)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: abort on (Invalid Login)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: abort on (Login incorrect)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: send (AT&D2^M)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: expect (OK)
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: AT&D2^M^M
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: OK
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: -- got it
> Aug 24 02:08:17 localhost chat[402]: send (ATDT555-1212^M)
> Aug 24 02:08:18 localhost chat[402]: expect (CONNECT)
> Aug 24 02:08:18 localhost chat[402]: ^M
> Aug 24 02:08:40 localhost chat[402]: ATDT555-1212^M^M
> Aug 24 02:08:40 localhost chat[402]: CONNECT
> Aug 24 02:08:40 localhost chat[402]: -- got it
> Aug 24 02:08:40 localhost chat[402]: send (^M)
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: expect (name: )
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: 115200^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: ^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: ^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: User Access Verification^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: ^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: Username:
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: -- got it
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: send (berman^M)
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: expect (word: )
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: berman^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: Password:
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: -- got it
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: send (mypassword^M)
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: expect (timeout)
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: ^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: Entering PPP routing mode.^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: Async interface address is
> unnumbered (Ethernet0)^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: Your IP address is 204.50.51.56.
> MTU is 1500 bytes^M
> Aug 24 02:08:41 localhost chat[402]: ^M
> Aug 24 02:08:46 localhost chat[402]: ~^?}#@!}!G} $}"}&} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!Selma*^N~~^?}#@!}!H} $
> Aug 24 02:08:48 localhost chat[402]: }"}&} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!SelmaMD~~^?}#@!}!I} $}"}&} }*} }
> Aug 24 02:08:51 localhost chat[402]:
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!SelmatI~~^?}#@!}!J} $}"}&} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}
> Aug 24 02:08:53 localhost chat[402]:
> =$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!Selma?^~~^?}#@!}!K} $}"}&} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}
> Aug 24 02:08:55 localhost chat[402]: 1}$}%t}3}(}!Selma^FS~~^?}#@!}!L}
> $}"}&} }*} } }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!
> Aug 24 02:08:59 localhost chat[402]: Selma)p~~^?}#@!}!M} $}"}&} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!Selma}0}~~^?}
> Aug 24 02:09:02 localhost chat[402]: #@!}!N} $}"}&} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!Selma[j~~^?}#@!}!O} $}"}
> Aug 24 02:09:04 localhost chat[402]: &} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!Selmabg~~^?}#@!}!P} $}"}&} }*} } }#}
>
> Aug 24 02:09:06 localhost chat[402]:
> $@#}%}&|}=$h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!Selma^U}^~~^?}#@!}!Q} $}"}&} }*} }
> }#}$@#}%}&|}=$
> Aug 24 02:09:09 localhost chat[402]: h}'}"}(}"}1}$}%t}3}(}!Selma,s~^M
> Aug 24 02:09:09 localhost pppd[397]: Connect script failed
> Aug 24 02:09:09 localhost pppd[397]: Connect script failed
> Aug 24 02:09:09 localhost chat[402]: NO CARRIER
> Aug 24 02:09:09 localhost chat[402]: -- failed
> Aug 24 02:09:09 localhost chat[402]: Failed (NO CARRIER)
> Aug 24 02:09:10 localhost pppd[397]: Exit.
> Aug 24 02:09:10 localhost pppd[397]: Exit.
> Aug 24 02:10:09 localhost syslogd 1.3-3: restart.
> Aug 24 02:10:16 localhost kernel: PPP: ppp line discipline successfully
> unregistered
>
> I have tried using the GUI network config tool, as well as editing the
> network script files ifcfg-ppp0, chat-ppp0, etc. and then running
> ifup ppp0. I have more confidence editing the scripts because
> I know what is going on.
>
> For what it's worth, here is ifcfg-ppp0 and chat-ppp0:
>
> ifcfg-ppp0
>
> PERSIST=no
> DEFROUTE=yes
> ONBOOT=no
> INITSTRING='AT&D2'
> MODEMPORT=/dev/modem
> LINESPEED=115200
> ESCAPECHARS=no
> DEFABORT=yes
> HARDFLOWCTL=yes
> DEVICE=ppp0
> PPPOPTIONS=
> DEBUG=yes
> PAPNAME=berman
> REMIP=
> IPADDR=
> BOOTPROTO=none
> MTU=
> MRU=
> DISCONNECTTIMEOUT=
> RETRYTIMEOUT=
> USERCTL=yes
>
> chat-ppp0
>
> 'ABORT' 'BUSY'
> 'ABORT' 'ERROR'
> 'ABORT' 'NO CARRIER'
> 'ABORT' 'NO DIALTONE'
> 'ABORT' 'Invalid Login'
> 'ABORT' 'Login incorrect'
> '' 'AT&D2'
> 'OK' 'ATDT555-1212'
> 'CONNECT' ''
> 'name: ' 'berman'
> 'word: ' 'mypassword'
> 'timeout' '5'
------------------------------
From: "Andrey Smirnov" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,linux.redhat.install
Subject: Re: How do you create a hard link?
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 12:31:36 -0700
man ln
Hard link will point to the original and will act as an original even when
you delete hard link (when you delete it this will delete the original file
as well!).
Soft link is a shortcut or an alias to the original.
Good luck!
Matt <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:asow3.1974$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> How do you create a hard link as opposed to a symlink? What is the
> difference?
>
>
------------------------------
From: Abdullah Ramazanoglu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Abdullah & Jessie (and any one else)
Date: Thu, 12 Aug 1999 00:41:56 +0300
Jonathan Wilson wrote:
>
> Jessie: what does ping mean? To look something up with a browser? Iinally
Command from a terminal: "ping www.linux.org"
Root or non-root user OK.
> I conected with linuxconf, typed www.adobe.com in the Netscape address bar,
> hit wnter and got two messages (BTW I get the same ones when I'm not
> connected). The first one says: "Netscape Error <2> Netscape is unable to
> locate the server www.adobe.com. Please check the server name and try
> again.".
>
> I know that adobe.com is valid, I go there all the time.
>
> The one behind it says, "Netscape: Error
> Warning: the following hosts are unknown:
> home.netscape.com
> home6.netscape.com
> internic.net
> This means that some or all hosts will be unreachable.
> Perhaps there is a problem with your name server? If your site must use a
> non-root name server, you will need to set the $SOCKS_NS environment to
> piont at the appropriate name server. It may (or may not) be neccasery to
> set this variable, or the SOCKS host preference, to the IP address of the
> host in question rather than its name.
>
> Consult your system Administrator."
>
> I am running as root. Does this have anything to do with the clause about
> "a non-root. name server"?
>
> Then, if I try to use Kmail, I get this error:
> Pop Mail Network Error
> Account: my_account_name_here
> In OPEN:
> The server was not found.
All these errors are signs of DNS failure. kppp (or linuxconf for that
matter) establishes IP connectivity with internet but since you have not
specified a DNS address, Netscape doesn't know to whom to ask (on
internet) translations of "names" --> "numerical IP addresses".
Netscape, kmail, ping, and all programs actually work with numerical
unique IP addresses (like 192.168.5.205). When you enter www.adobe.com
to Netscape, it must somehow resolve this name to actual IP address of
www.adobe.com. Netscape will ask this translation to a (any) name server
if only it knows an IP address of any name server on internet. Your ISP
must have at least one name server, and they must give you its
*numerical* IP address. Then you should feed it into Linux *EITHER* via
linuxconf (linuxconf actually puts what you enter into
/etc/resolv.conf), *OR* via kppp's own Setup menu (there will be a
submenu to enter numerical DNS adresses).
But, once again, I wouldn suggest against mixing kppp and other means
(i.e. linuxconf) for ISP connectivity. Either use one or the other (I
prefer kppp).
> It takes linuxconf several minutes to disconnect.
> Most everyting else in linuxconf is blank, except a few refernaces about
> localhost.localdomain. If you to know more, let me know.
> Also, when I type /etc/ppp/options I get a kwrite window that just
> says"lock", that all. Is that good?
It must exist for connecting via linuxconf, but it must *not* exist for
connecting via kppp. See what mixing them means?
Good luck
--
Abdullah Ramazanoglu ( aramazanoglu AT demirbank DOT com DOT tr )
------------------------------
From: "Andrey Smirnov" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: "Vacation" program w/out log in shell?
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 12:50:13 -0700
Check out procmail. It has build in support in Sendmail. All you need to do
is create a file .procmailrc in your homedirectory with set of rules and
text of your relplay message.
Check for HOWTOS about procmail.
Good luck!
Fr�d�ric Faure <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> All,
>
> I d'loaded and set up the vacation program to work on a RH 5.2 +
> sendmail 8.x server, but when sending test e-mails to a dummy user account
:
>
> ----- Transcript of session follows -----
> 550 /home/jdoe2/.forward: line 1: "|/usr/bin/vacation -a jdoe2"... User
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] doesn't have a valid shell for mailing to programs
>
> [root@mail jdoe2]# cat .forward
> \jdoe2, "|/usr/bin/vacation -a jdoe2 John Doe"
>
> [root@mail jdoe2]# cat .vacation.msg
> From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (John Doe2)
> Subject: I am on vacation
> Delivered-by: The Vacation Program
> Precedence: bulk
>
> I am on vacation.
>
> => Any way to get this working w/out providing a log in shell, for users
> connecting with Windows POP clients?
>
> Thx
> FF.
------------------------------
From: "Andrey Smirnov" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: small company IMAP email planning: best way?
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 12:36:07 -0700
Looks good, but consider using Web based Linuxconf to create and manage mail
accounts. This program actually has exactly what you are looking for! You
can create accounts specifically for e-mail only.
Good luck!
matt shobe <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:7ps6st$hkd$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> I need to set up a RedHat 6.0 system running the default IMAP server
> for small corporate email use (~120 users). I'd simply like a little
> reinforcement that my approach to setting up user accounts on this
> machine is a good one. The following conditions apply to the user group
> in question:
>
> - none ever expect to use telnet or require shell access; email is
> their only application
> - all will access from Windows 9x boxes, using OUtlook Express or
> COmmunicator 4.6 as their IMAP client
> - only the administrator and one other supervisor expect to manage user
> accounts and other system properties
>
> With this in mind, is the following approach to a freshly installed
> system the best, or am I missing something:
>
> 1) Install IMAP RPM and get it going, and configure MX pointer for DNS
> to point to this machine.
>
> 1.5) Leave all other file settings and permissions in the system at
> install default (again, RedHat 6.0)
>
> 2) Create all the user accounts with KDE User Manager or some other
> script, assigning each mail user to GID 100 (users). Also, figure out
> some secure process by which users update their shell passwords (web-
> based?) so their accounts are secure
>
> 3) Assign the two administrators additional group access to the
> group 'adm'
>
> This should allow all ~120 new users to have immediate IMAP inbox
> access, once their passwords are set. This seems like a very common
> task, although no FAQ or How-To discussed it specifically. Is there
> another published resource I should locate for LINUX-solely-as-mail-
> server best practices?
>
> Thanks gurus,
>
> --
> Matt Shobe
> Burning Door LLC - http://www.burningdoor.com
>
>
> Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
> Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: "Hellmaker" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: ipppd problems connecting to ISP
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 21:53:36 +0200
I have a problem connecting to my ISP via ISDN ( I run under Suse 6.1,
Kernel 2.2.5)
My ISP uses CHAP, no channel-bundeling and I can connect under Win98.
I am using a FRITZ! PCI- card which should be correctly installed (at least
I can load the HiSax driver without errors).
After setting the debug option in /etc/ppp/ioptions I got the following
output in /var/log/messages:
Aug 19 22:44:17 terminalt1 kernel: ippp0: dialing 1 010110191501...
Aug 19 22:44:18 terminalt1 isdnlog: (HiSax driver detected)
Aug 19 22:44:18 terminalt1 isdnlog: Aug 19 22:44:18 * tei 69 calling +49
/191501, Germany with MSN1 RING (Data)
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 isdnlog: Aug 19 22:44:19 tei 69 calling +49
/191501, Germany with MSN1 Time:Thu Aug 19 22:46:00 1999
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 isdnlog: Aug 19 22:44:19 tei 69 calling +49
/191501, Germany with MSN1 CONNECT (Data)
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 isdnlog: Aug 19 22:44:19 tei 69 calling +49
/191501, Germany with MSN1 CHARGE: Oppps: No charge infos for provider 11,
Zone -1
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: Local number: 53547, Remote number:
010110191501, Type: outgoing
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: PHASE_WAIT -> PHASE_ESTABLISHED,
ifunit: 0, linkunit: 0, fd: 7
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: sent [0][LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <mru 1524>
<magic 0xa2ebf1d2>]
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 kernel: isdn_net: ippp0 connected
Aug 19 22:44:19 terminalt1 kernel: isdn_net: chargetime of ippp0 now 21274
Aug 19 22:44:22 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: sent [0][LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <mru 1524>
<magic 0xa2ebf1d2>]
Aug 19 22:44:40 terminalt1 last message repeated 6 times
Aug 19 22:44:40 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: rcvd [0][proto=0xff] 01 00 01 03 05 f4
00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00
04 45
Aug 19 22:44:43 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: sent [0][LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <mru 1524>
<magic 0xa2ebf1d2>]
Aug 19 22:44:44 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: rcvd [0][proto=0xff] 01 00 01 03 05 f4
00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00
04 45
Aug 19 22:44:46 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: sent [0][LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <mru 1524>
<magic 0xa2ebf1d2>]
Aug 19 22:44:48 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: rcvd [0][proto=0xff] 01 00 01 03 05 f4
00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00 ff 01 00 01 03 05 f4 00
04 45
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 kernel: isdn_net: local hangup ippp0
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 kernel: ippp0: Chargesum is 0
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 kernel: ippp, open, slot: 0, minor: 0, state:
0000
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 kernel: ippp_ccp: allocating reset data structure
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: Connection terminated.
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: taking down PHASE_DEAD link 0,
linkunit: 0
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: LCP is down
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: closing fd 7 from unit 0
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: link 0 closed , linkunit: 0
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: reinit_unit: 0
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 ipppd[85]: Connect[0]: /dev/ippp0, fd: 7
Aug 19 22:44:49 terminalt1 isdnlog: Aug 19 22:44:49 tei 69 calling +49
/191501, Germany with MSN1 Normal call clearing (User)
Aug 19 22:44:50 terminalt1 isdnlog: Aug 19 22:44:50 tei 69 calling +49
/191501, Germany with MSN1 HANGUP ( 0:00:30 I=102.0 b O=180.0 b) Normal
call clearing (User)
I am a really green newbie, so it might be a silly problem, but I'd be
greatful for some help!!
------------------------------
From: "Surya P Kommareddy" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: collisions (newbie)
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 12:54:15 -0700
Hi David,
Thanks a lot for a detailed explanation. I am experiencing a lot of
collisions as per the averages you were talking about. My system shows 54
collisions in 42 minutes. I think there are a lot of machines on my net. May
be I have to cut down some of them. I am worried about this because I am
using network Distributed Computing (DCE) for my research and it needs good
network performance.
Which is the best network for DCE? Any pointers or material on this
topic is welcome.
Surya.
> Collisions is not an error condition. They are a normal function of how
> ethernet works.
>
> The original shared-bus Ethernet design (10Base2 and 10Base5) has
> multiple hosts all using a single wire to transmit and receive on. When
> a host wants to transmit, it listens for an empty carrier (meaning
> nobody else is transmitting), then it transmits. Sometimes, two hosts
> end up transmitting at the same time, and both packets get clobbered -
> which is a collision. When a collision happens, each host waits for a
> random period of time, then listens again for an empty carrier.
>
> If you're using 10Base5 (thick Ether) or 10Base2 (Thinnet), collisions
> happen all the time, and there's nothing you can do about them. If you
> get so many that it begins to noticeably impact performance, then you
> need to reduce the number of hosts on your Ethernet segment - breaking
> your segment into two or more with a layer-2 switch (or bridge) is the
> usual solution.
>
> With 10BaseT and 100BaseT, hosts are attached to hubs. Hubs (especially
> those with full-duplex capability) will greatly reduce the possibility
> of collisions, by buffering the data coming in on its ports, but they
> can still happen - especially under conditions of heavy load. A dumb
> unmanaged hub (aka a repeater) that doesn't do any buffering may not do
> much to prevent collisions.
>
> As with shared-bus media, if you find that you're getting so many
> collisions that performance is impacted, you probably want to break your
> Ethernet segment into multiple segments - replacing one or more of your
> hubs with layer-2 switches is the usual solution.
>
> Getting back to your specific situation, how long has your system been
> up? My system (which shares a dumb hub with three other computers and
> an uplink to a switch) shows about 1000 collisions, with an uptime of 6
> days. I don't consider an average of 7 collisions an hour to be a
> significant problem.
>
> -- David
------------------------------
From: "Andrey Smirnov" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: SMTP Server Problem
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 12:52:58 -0700
Try to add your machine name and domain name to the /etc/sendmail.cw file,
which needs to have all names your machine is known by.
Good luck!
sago <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> I am trying a linux box for SMTP. Its running sendmail. Internal mails are
> working fine. It can send mails to the internet but it cant receive any
> mails. e.g If I send a mail from hotmail.com to this server I am trying
the
> mail comes back saying :
>
> ________________________________________________
>
> Hi. This is the qmail-send program at hotmail.com.
> I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following
addresses.
> This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out.
>
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> 205.142.28.17 does not like recipient.
> Remote host said: 553 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>... this site does not relay
> Giving up on 205.142.28.17.
> _________________________________________________
>
> abc.com is my domain with a fixed IP and 205.142.28.17 is the mail
server
> of my upstream provider. N.B. Domain names are changed for privacy
purpose
> but assume that user xyz exist in domain abc.com
>
> MX entries in there at DNS server of service provider for mail.abc.com
> with preference 10 and preference 30 for 205.142.28.17 ( my service
> provider) . mail is the name of my host.
>
>
> From some other host, if I try /usr/lib/sendmail -t -v to send a mail to
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] it gives error saying :
> ___________________________________________________
>
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] Connecting to mail.abc.com. via esmtp...
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] Deferred: Connection refused by mail.abc.com
> ___________________________________________________
>
> Looks like my server is not accepting the SMTP connection and thus try for
> my service provider ( 205.142.28.17) whose preference is 30.. as in the
case
> of the hotmail error message.
>
> Is the problem with my service provider or my server. Does my server need
to
> relay to recieve mails. How do you make a linux server relay ? My server
is
> definetly running sendmail at port 25 as deamon .
>
>
> Can anybody tell me whats happening ????
>
>
> Sagolsem C
>
>
------------------------------
From: Thomas Kaemer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Linux IP router
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 21:45:50 +0200
"Ying Q. Li" schrieb:
>
> hello, all, I would like to configure a linux IP router to connect two
> subnets, does any have detail instruction how to do that, or any usefull
> links. there is none specific router related HowTo available. thanks in
> advance.
> Li
I can't agree. There is a mini HowTo named IP-Subnetworking.
CU Thomas
------------------------------
From: Bob_Deep <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,linux.redhat.install
Subject: Re: How do you create a hard link?
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 20:32:18 +0000
Andrey Smirnov wrote:
>
> man ln
>
> Hard link will point to the original and will act as an original even when
> you delete hard link (when you delete it this will delete the original file
> as well!).
>
Umm... Actually... When you delete (or unlink) a file, you simply
remove a link to file. When all links to the file have been removed,
the storage space is then free.
So.. If you create a hard link to a file, then delete the original file,
the hard link you created will still exist and point to the data... To
actually get rid of the data, you must delete both links to the file.
Hard links can only referance files on the same partition... Hard links
are differant than soft links, in that a hard link actually means the
same file has two differant names..
> Soft link is a shortcut or an alias to the original.
A soft link, is mearly a "pointer" to a file, correct. Because soft
links are really just a "shortcut" which points to a real file by name,
you can have soft links which span partitions...
However, softlinks may also point to a non-existant file...
> Good luck!
>
> Matt <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
> news:asow3.1974$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> > How do you create a hard link as opposed to a symlink? What is the
> > difference?
To create a "soft link" use "ln -s "
To create a "hard link" use "ln "
--
-= Bob =-
Hey.. This is my mail and I charge for SPAM I receive...
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Nathan Myers)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.development.system
Subject: Re: C++ templates: More than Turing Complete?
Date: 24 Aug 1999 13:16:10 -0700
Ulrich Weigand <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>David Schwartz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>> If templates are Turing complete, it
>>is theoretically possible to create examples of C++ code that, while
>>legal, can never be compiled into valid code because the existence of
>>the valid code would be logically equivalent to a proof that the
>>compilation could not terminate.
This discussion has lost its referent.
The subject line is a bit of sarcasm from someone who didn't
understand the difference between computer science and engineering,
pretending to refute a claim that C++ templates allow libraries to
be written that cannot be written in any other lanugage. (Of course
Turing completeness doesn't address cleaving systems along library
boundaries.)
Later discussion was on the matter of what kind of computation
C++ templates can initiate at compile time. As that has already
been demonstrated to be Turing complete, the question is what
would be the effect of a non-halting compile-time metaprogram.
The result would be that either the compilation never finishes,
or (much more likely in practice) the compiler consumes all swap
space and dies, or just announces that its resource limits have
been exceeded. Not very interesting, really.
Of course none of this has the slightest to do with Linux,
so followups have been directed to comp.lang.c++.moderated.
--
Nathan Myers
[EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.cantrip.org/
------------------------------
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