Linux-Setup Digest #196, Volume #20 Sun, 10 Dec 00 19:13:11 EST
Contents:
be my lilo --> grub translator ("Dan Jacobson")
Does Linux need a maths coprocessor? (Scottty)
Re: not kernel, but user panic, please help me (more info) (Masoud Pajoh)
Re: not kernel, but user panic, please help me (more info) (Masoud Pajoh)
Re: be my lilo --> grub translator (Svend Olaf Mikkelsen)
Re: Linux + Solaris + winME: triple boot ok? (Chris Spil [N3FWR])
Re: 80GB Hard Drive (Gary Sandine)
Major and Minor numbers (JC Vollmer)
Re: RH7 Install Crashes (Gary Sandine)
syslogd ("Simon M. Butler")
Re: Which distribution for newbie? (Gary Sandine)
Re: help newbie with recompiling kernel in RedHat 7.0 ("Me")
Grub goes Glug Solved ! (philo)
Re: mount points ("Peter T. Breuer")
Re: Does Linux need a maths coprocessor? ("Peter T. Breuer")
Re: Major and Minor numbers ("Peter T. Breuer")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "Dan Jacobson" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux.mandrake,gnu.utils.help
Subject: be my lilo --> grub translator
Date: Mon, 11 Dec 2000 06:23:24 +0800
Gee, is there any lilo --> grub translation scripts out there?
I suppose it's not that simple, but I can't find out how to say
> disk=/dev/hda
> bios=0x81
> disk=/dev/hdb
> bios=0x80
in grub.
By the way, Svend's solution was like the equivalent to finding the cure for
cancer
as far as my computer is concerned. Thanks Svend.
[Re: why can't one boot from /dev/hdb?]
"Svend Olaf Mikkelsen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> "Dan Jacobson" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> >boot=/dev/fd0
>
> boot=/dev/hdb
> >map=/boot/map
> >install=/boot/boot.b
> >vga=normal
> >default=linux
> >keytable=/boot/us.klt
> >prompt
> >timeout=50
> disk=/dev/hda
> bios=0x81
> disk=/dev/hdb
> bios=0x80
> >message=/boot/message
> >menu-scheme=wb:bw:wb:bw
> >image=/boot/vmlinuz
> > label=linux
> > root=/dev/hdb1
> > initrd=/boot/initrd.img
> > append=" hdc=ide-scsi"
> > read-only
> >other=/dev/hda1
> > label=windows
> > table=/dev/hda
# remove for floppy version
> > map-drive=0x80
> > to=0x81
> > map-drive=0x81
> > to=0x80
I found the grub way to say 'map' [which I indeed had to remove to
boot windows from the floppy, it was already mapped apparently],
but I can't find the grub way to say disk=/dev/hda, bios=0x81...
I'm fairly sure then all I need to do is
# grub
root (hd1,1)..... #or wherever one's /boot is
setup (hd1) #write only the MBR of hdb
how does this differ from doing
# lilo
with the above /etc/lilo.conf?
Would lilo here also only write the MBR of hdb?
Just curious, grub is said to be more flexible than lilo.
Do we see any glimpses of these additional flexibilities in the above examples?
[my problem was [before svend fixed it]: I want to set the bios to boot from hdb
where linux lives,
hda is windows. I currently can boot from the floppy [not a rescue floppy, but
just a grub in the MBR floppy]
--
www.geocities.com/jidanni E-mail: restore ".com." ???
Tel:+886-4-5854780; starting in year 2001: +886-4-25854780
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Scottty)
Subject: Does Linux need a maths coprocessor?
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 22:57:32 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
I have been trying to install Linux on a 486SX laptop (8 mgs RAM)
LOADLIN gives the message that there is no math coprocessor or
emulation, then says "Giving up" - and the machine hangs. I have to
pull out the battery to reboot it.
Is there a way around this problem? Or is "giving up" really the only
solution...
------------------------------
From: Masoud Pajoh <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,linux.redhat.install,alt.linux.redhat
Subject: Re: not kernel, but user panic, please help me (more info)
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 22:57:09 GMT
Using the NT, looking into /etc/fstab, I found the following line in there:
/dev/hd19 swap swap
defaults 0 0
God only know where it came from, I did not have it in there.
At anyrate somehow I need to be able to get in there and change /dev/hd19 to
/dev/hda9, as it should have been. I also need to remove the following
line, because hda11 does not exist anymore:
/dev/hda11 /mnt/backup ext2 defaults
Does anyone know how to get access to this file?
Please help.
Regards;
Masoud Pajoh
Masoud Pajoh wrote:
> Hi all;
> Here is what I did. In an attempt to give Linux more space I resized
> and moved some partitions on my machine using Partition Magic 4.1.
> Here is the part that is related to Linux:
> - after taking some space away from Windows NT, i.e. freeing it
> - I moved linux boot partition to the beginning of this space, this
> is (and was) /dev/hda8
> - tried to move the linux swap partition, the option on PM was
> grayed.
> - In my great wisdom, I deleted the old swap and created one after
> the boot partition, this is (and was) /dev/hda9.
> - Moved the /dev/hda10( has all the linux system files on it) to the
> beginning of the free space.
> - Deleted /dev/hda11 (an ext2 file system).
> - Expanded /dev/hda10 to include the free space.
> - Exited PM.
> - Booted to linux.
> Now I cannot boot to Linux:
> Here are the error messages I get:
> - swapon failed.
> - fsck.ext2: Could this be a zero length partition? Attempt to to
> read block for the file system resulted in short read while trying to
> open /dev/hda11.
> Then I get:
> - Give root password for maintenance (or type control-D for normal
> startup)
> At this point if I give it the root password I get:
> - (Repair file system) 1 #:
> The only answer it accepts is "yes/no." If I give it "yes", I get y's
> on the first column on the screen, with no activities on the hard
> drive. If I give it "no" I get:
> - (Repair file system) 2 #: no
> - (Repair file system) 3 #: no
> - (Repair file system) 4 #: no
> .
> .
> .
>
> This continues forever. I have tried to "linux single" at LILO with
> no difference.
> I Have tried to use the installation CD in "recover" "maintenance" mode,
> but I cannot figure out how to use this mode.
>
> Is there anything to save me from reinstalling Linux.
> Please help.
> Any help is appreciated.
> Sincerely;
> Masoud Pajoh
>
> BTW, I use RH7.1 (Guineas) on an stand alone x386 PC
------------------------------
From: Masoud Pajoh <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,linux.redhat.install,alt.linux.redhat
Subject: Re: not kernel, but user panic, please help me (more info)
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 22:57:09 GMT
Using the NT, looking into /etc/fstab, I found the following line in there:
/dev/hd19 swap swap
defaults 0 0
God only know where it came from, I did not have it in there.
At anyrate somehow I need to be able to get in there and change /dev/hd19 to
/dev/hda9, as it should have been. I also need to remove the following
line, because hda11 does not exist anymore:
/dev/hda11 /mnt/backup ext2 defaults
Does anyone know how to get access to this file?
Please help.
Regards;
Masoud Pajoh
Masoud Pajoh wrote:
> Hi all;
> Here is what I did. In an attempt to give Linux more space I resized
> and moved some partitions on my machine using Partition Magic 4.1.
> Here is the part that is related to Linux:
> - after taking some space away from Windows NT, i.e. freeing it
> - I moved linux boot partition to the beginning of this space, this
> is (and was) /dev/hda8
> - tried to move the linux swap partition, the option on PM was
> grayed.
> - In my great wisdom, I deleted the old swap and created one after
> the boot partition, this is (and was) /dev/hda9.
> - Moved the /dev/hda10( has all the linux system files on it) to the
> beginning of the free space.
> - Deleted /dev/hda11 (an ext2 file system).
> - Expanded /dev/hda10 to include the free space.
> - Exited PM.
> - Booted to linux.
> Now I cannot boot to Linux:
> Here are the error messages I get:
> - swapon failed.
> - fsck.ext2: Could this be a zero length partition? Attempt to to
> read block for the file system resulted in short read while trying to
> open /dev/hda11.
> Then I get:
> - Give root password for maintenance (or type control-D for normal
> startup)
> At this point if I give it the root password I get:
> - (Repair file system) 1 #:
> The only answer it accepts is "yes/no." If I give it "yes", I get y's
> on the first column on the screen, with no activities on the hard
> drive. If I give it "no" I get:
> - (Repair file system) 2 #: no
> - (Repair file system) 3 #: no
> - (Repair file system) 4 #: no
> .
> .
> .
>
> This continues forever. I have tried to "linux single" at LILO with
> no difference.
> I Have tried to use the installation CD in "recover" "maintenance" mode,
> but I cannot figure out how to use this mode.
>
> Is there anything to save me from reinstalling Linux.
> Please help.
> Any help is appreciated.
> Sincerely;
> Masoud Pajoh
>
> BTW, I use RH7.1 (Guineas) on an stand alone x386 PC
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Svend Olaf Mikkelsen)
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux.mandrake,gnu.utils.help
Subject: Re: be my lilo --> grub translator
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 22:59:59 GMT
"Dan Jacobson" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> disk=/dev/hda
>> bios=0x81
>> disk=/dev/hdb
>> bios=0x80
Nice that it worked. I cannot help with grub.
--
Svend Olaf
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Chris Spil [N3FWR])
Subject: Re: Linux + Solaris + winME: triple boot ok?
Date: 10 Dec 2000 23:13:36 GMT
On 10 Dec 2000, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
[ I'm running Solaris 2.6 on a 166Mhz Pentium and it is just as
[ fast as Linux on the same machine. I found Solaris boring to
[ begin with, but as I customised (with GNU utils. etc) have grown
[ to like it.
[ I don't know if this is true for post 2.6 Solaris, but it uses
[ partition Id 82, same as Linux swap partitions. As I had a few
[ gig of space left over on the machine I installed Solaris on I
[ decided to install Bughat Linux. Being idiot friendly it didn't
[ prompt me it I wanted "swap partitions" formatted an prompted
[ nuked my Solaris partition.
[ Lilo should work without too much trouble.
Hehe, ok! How much disk space did you devote to Solaris, and also
is ordering the media disks via the Sun web page ($79) the only way
you can get the Solaris for Intel CD's? thanks again!
Chris
------------------------------
From: Gary Sandine <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: 80GB Hard Drive
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 23:23:10 GMT
Michel Poirier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> It works like a charm... I personnaly have it on an IBM 72Mb EIDE drive.
Same experience - we built a RH 7.0 box with an 80 gig /home partition.
The drive was 80 gig Maxtor. No problems.
http://www.lanm-pc.com (Cheap Linux boxes)
------------------------------
From: JC Vollmer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Major and Minor numbers
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 23:23:48 GMT
Hello.
Can someone please explain to me how major and minor numbers are applied in
/dev entries? What does each represent? I can't see a pattern in them
that would seem to explain their application.
Can someone please help me before I mknod again?
--
JC VOLLMER TEXT REFS DOUBLEPLUSUNGOOD DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER
[EMAIL PROTECTED] SELFTHINK VERGING CRIMETHINK DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER
CONSOLIDATED LINT IGNORE FULLWISE DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER
------------------------------
From: Gary Sandine <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: RH7 Install Crashes
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 23:26:53 GMT
Phil <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Any help would be appreciated.
We use RH's text mode, and do "custom" installs only, and never have
a problem (knocking on wooden desktop now!).
We also *never* use "disk druid" to partition - Linux fdisk only.
http://www.lanm-pc.com (Cheap Linux boxes)
------------------------------
From: "Simon M. Butler" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: syslogd
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 15:38:04 -0800
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
hi,
syslogd seems to keep resetting all my /var/log/* files like messages
or secure etc.
i can't find the cron/at/? think that is sending the message to syslogd
to reset. can
anyone tell me where this is being set.
the reset seems to happen every week but there is nothing in
cron.weekly to make this
happen.
here is what is in /var/log/messages today
Dec 10 07:51:56 centurion syslogd 1.3-3: restart.
Dec 10 07:51:56 centurion syslogd 1.3-3: restart.
Dec 10 07:51:56 centurion syslogd 1.3-3: restart.
Dec 10 07:51:56 centurion syslogd 1.3-3: restart.
Dec 10 07:51:56 centurion syslogd 1.3-3: restart.
i'm running redhat 6.2
appreciate any feedback.
------------------------------
From: Gary Sandine <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Which distribution for newbie?
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 23:41:00 GMT
Craig Heitzman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hehe, forgot the text....
In my opinion, Red Hat and Mandrake have the friendliest installers.
Especially Mandrake. And for Red Hat, I recommend using their
installer in "text" mode (type "text" and press Enter at the boot:
prompt), and choosing "custom" configuration.
http://www.lanm-pc.com (Cheap Linux boxes)
------------------------------
From: "Me" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: help newbie with recompiling kernel in RedHat 7.0
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 23:54:25 GMT
In article <910625$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, "Hung Ngoc Lai"
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I have been getting an error during the make bzImage stage. I search
> around and found out that I need to modify the Makefile in
> /usr/src/linux directory and change the gcc to kgcc. However, even
> after I did that, I still get error from the make bzImage. Can you tell
> me what else I need to modify? If possible, please send me a copy of the
> Makefile with all the necessary changes so that I can make minework.
>
> Many thanks
> .
> David
That should be all you need to change in the Makefile.
You need to post the exact error messages before anyone (us non-psychics
anyway ;) ) can help. Additional info like what kernel you're compiling,
whether its the RH kernel source or an "official" tarball, etc, would be
valuable also.
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 10 Dec 2000 12:52:52 -0600
From: philo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Grub goes Glug Solved !
I imagine this is documented somewhere but I ended up
getting my dual booting problem solved...without using
a floppy, lilo or grub and without even writing to my mbr ! (not only
that my bios only sees 8 gigs and i've got a 15 gig drive)
i setup a menu list from windows allowing me to either
boot directly to windows or hit Shift+F5 and boot to
real dos where i have a loadlin batch file allowing me to boot to linux
by just typing "linux".
loadlin only worked properly from real dos.
thanks to those who offered solutions! i was able to use bits and pieces
from all to come up with a workable
solution.
Philo
------------------------------
From: "Peter T. Breuer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: mount points
Date: Mon, 11 Dec 2000 00:04:56 GMT
Cliff Sarginson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Peter T. Breuer posited:
>> ted metz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> > What are the advantages of have diffrent mount points IE: /home /usr
> Forget all the drivel Peter T. Brauer writes below, he must have been mad
Hey! I wrote it above! (drivel or not). You're quoting wrong.
> There is not an easy answer to this question, it depends really
Yes there is. It's "read the Partition HOWTO". Though why the heck
it should be less than absolutely obvious as a general principal
then there are arguments both for and against having a messy house
is beyond me. What's YOUR beef?
> a huge amount on one what you will use the computer for.
Oh, surprise, surprise. For example, if you don't plan on ever changing
any itty little thing in your computer, why then you can partition off
/var and / and /home and live contented from there on.
> However you can expect to redefine your partitions at least once
Ohhhhh. Why? Some people advocate having no partitions at all. After
all, you do have backups, right, and it takes less time to reinstall
than it does to fix. Those are reasons against ever redefining any
partitions.
> I would guess.
Then you guess strangely. I haven't resized any partitions in the last
4 years (as an admittedly atypical example, since I have 15 per disk).
> Firstly there is nothing wrong, especially if you are trying Linux out
> for the first time to create a small "/boot" (see below) and a "/" with
> everything else in it. Create "/boot" as the first file system physically
> on your disk.
Well, there's plenty wrong. He doesn't need /boot. He can jolly well go
use a recent lilo or boot with grub.
> latest version of lilo (the whatnot that boots linux) and a modern BIOS in
> your PC you don't need this anymore, but it does no harm.
Neither does hiving off 500MB for /var and 2.5GB for /usr (unless you
have suse 7, in which case make that 4GB and say thank you for saving
the trees and using the electrons).
> Create a "/" (the root area) of around 250 - 300 MB. If you install KDE then
64MB tops. My debian root uses about 24MB, including /boot.
> you might need more (this is goes in "/opt" which I have as a seperate
> filesystem but that is for other reasons)
So do I. 500MB going on 1GB.
> Create a "/var" of .. well this is a tricky one. This is where most of the
500MB here. 1GB if you plan on burning cdroms.
> files go that grow, log files, mail files, news files etc.Start off with
> 250MB and see how it goes.
Getting to be on the small side. My log files rotate every day and are
still closing in on 100MB compressed. And then there is squid. And
/var/tmp. Let's not mention the mail spool. Nor the fonts in /var/X11
goodness knows. Nor the latex fonts nearby.
> The file system"/usr" is where almost everything else goes, give this all
> the rest of the space.
Yo. And how much?
> Under no circumstances create file systems for
> /etc
> /bin
> /sbin
he he. A person who has been bit by making /etc a separate file system,
obviously. Yeah, cute, when fstab is read, eh?
> Otherwise you may make your system unbootable :(
Now how did I know that was coming?
> You don't really need a seperate /tmp.
Yes you DO. It should be a link to /var/tmp.
>> Oh pleeeeeeze. This is a FAQ. Go read the FAQ, or at least the
>> partition-HOWTO.
Now please follow THAT advice.
>> Use your own noddle. Why isn't it obvious? Do you also put all the
>> furniture in your house in one room? Must be fun extracting the car
>> from the living room, and cooking in the garage!
And tell me why that isn't a valid comment?
>> Why do people's minds switch OFF when they meet a computer? All the
>> ordinary lessons of life also apply to a computer. You can make the
>> same arguments for and against having separate partitions as you can
>> make for or against having walls in your house.
And that?
Peter
------------------------------
From: "Peter T. Breuer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Does Linux need a maths coprocessor?
Date: Mon, 11 Dec 2000 00:04:59 GMT
Scottty <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I have been trying to install Linux on a 486SX laptop (8 mgs RAM)
> LOADLIN gives the message that there is no math coprocessor or
That's true!
Hey I have an 8MB 486sx50. Mines a TP500. What's yours.
> emulation, then says "Giving up" - and the machine hangs. I have to
> pull out the battery to reboot it.
I don't think loadlin needs floating point! Must be your kernel.
Recompile it so it doesn't depend on a hardware floating point
coprocessor.
> Is there a way around this problem? Or is "giving up" really the only
NO. Going to the linux laptops page on the web and reading what other
people have to say about your model would seem to be your starter for
10 ...
Peter
------------------------------
From: "Peter T. Breuer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Major and Minor numbers
Date: Mon, 11 Dec 2000 00:05:00 GMT
JC Vollmer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hello.
> Can someone please explain to me how major and minor numbers are applied in
> /dev entries? What does each represent? I can't see a pattern in them
> that would seem to explain their application.
> Can someone please help me before I mknod again?
Nope. Go read Documentation/devices.txt in the kernel directory. yes,
teher are standards, and you're reading them ...
Peter
------------------------------
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