---------------
Thanks for your helpful questions!  I've attached some information
below.

> From: Olof Johansson <[email protected]>
> Is CONFIG_LBDAF on in your kernel config? If not, you're limited to
> 2TB per block device, which could show issues like those. Check dmesg
> for info/errors, etc.

Yes, this seems to say it's configured:

a20$ cd /proc/
a20$ gzip -d < config.gz  | grep LBD
CONFIG_LBDAF=y
a20$

dmesg output for good (x86) versus bad (a20) is attached towards
the bottom of this message.

> From [email protected]  Thu Jan  9 22:15:54 2014
> But did the A20 see your partition properly, e.g. did you see and try to
> mount /dev/sdx1 and not just /dev/sdx? Also what if you run cfdisk /dev/sdx,
> does it display the partitions properly (install the "gnu-fdisk" package if
> your cfdisk doesn't know GPT).

Yes, I'm clear about disk device as opposed to partitions. :->

cfdisk on both complains:
  Warning!!  Unsupported GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected. Use GNU Parted.   

gparted shows the same partition on the x86 system and on the a20
system (single big partition, type ext4, same size/offset).  I've
attached the outputs below.

> What OS and kernel version do you use?

Linux a20 3.4.61+ #2 SMP PREEMPT Mon Sep 16 13:38:46 EEST 2013 armv7l GNU/Linux

This is the prebuilt 4GB Debian image from marsboard.com.  I have a ping
in to them to find out exactly how the kernel was built... what patches,
if any.

In the attached dmesg's for the two systems, I notice that the mode
sense result differs by one bit between the two systems.  I've dug
through an old Seagate document trying to figure out what the bit
meanings are, but it's not immediately clear to me.  I'll go dig through
the Linux kernel source to see if that's any easier to grok.

Ok, comparison of how the device looks:

gparted "device information" on x86 (working) system:
Model: Plugable USB3-SATA-U3
Size: 2.73 TiB
Path: /dev/sdb

Partition table: gpt
Heads: 255
Sectors/track: 63
Cylinders: 364801
Total sectors: 5860533168
Sector size: 512

gparted "partition information" on the x86 system:
File system: ext4
Size: 2.73 TiB
Used: 1.41 TiB ( 52% )
Unused: 1.32 TiB ( 48% )

Path:  /dev/sdb1
Status: Not mounted
Label: media2
UUID: de6ddccf-b821-4bc6-83c7-fd505887583f

First sector: 2048
Last sector: 5860532223
Total sectors: 5860530176

gparted "device information" on a20 (non-working) system:
Model: USB 3.0 Plugable STA U3
Size: 2.73 TB
Path: /dev/sdb

Partition table: gpt
Heads: 255
Sectors/track: 63
Cylinders: 364801
Total sectors: 5860533168
Sector size: 512

gparted "partition information" on the a20 system:
File system: ext4
Size: 2.73 TiB
Path: /dev/sdb1
Status: Not mounted
Label:
UUID:
First sector: 2048
Last sector: 5860532223
Total sectors: 5860530176

I took dd's of the initial part of the device on the respective
systems.  Content matches for the first megabyte, but differs
in the second megabyte.  I did this by dd'ing bs=1M count=2 if=/dev/sdb
on the two systems.  I hexdump'd the two megabytes, and
here is the diff.  "<" is the x86, ">" is the a20:

23c23
< 0100430 17ea 52d0 0131 0019 ef53 0001 0001 0000
---
> 0100430 54cf 52d0 0131 0019 ef53 0001 0001 0000
26c26
< 0100460 0246 0000 007b 0000 6dde cfdc 21b8 c64b
---
> 0100460 0242 0000 007b 0000 6dde cfdc 21b8 c64b
43c43
< 0100570 0000 0000 0004 0000 f17b 5b33 0000 0000
---
> 0100570 0000 0000 0004 0000 f17f 5b33 0000 0000

(Very weird to see bits differing.)

Here's the dmesg output for attaching the device on the a20:
[82454.412858] usb 2-1.7: new high-speed USB device number 14 using sw-ehci
[82454.569099] scsi5 : usb-storage 2-1.7:1.0
[82454.581387] platform reg-20-cs-ldo2: Driver reg-20-cs-ldo2 requests probe 
deferral
[82454.604475] platform reg-20-cs-ldo3: Driver reg-20-cs-ldo3 requests probe 
deferral
[82454.619040] platform reg-20-cs-ldo4: Driver reg-20-cs-ldo4 requests probe 
deferral
[82454.634040] platform reg-20-cs-buck2: Driver reg-20-cs-buck2 requests probe 
deferral
[82454.648969] platform reg-20-cs-buck3: Driver reg-20-cs-buck3 requests probe 
deferral
[82454.683055] platform reg-20-cs-ldoio0: Driver reg-20-cs-ldoio0 requests 
probe deferral
[82455.577411] scsi 5:0:0:0: Direct-Access     USB 3.0  Plugable SATA U3 0100 
PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
[82455.600548] platform reg-20-cs-ldoio0: Driver reg-20-cs-ldoio0 requests 
probe deferral
[82455.612760] sd 5:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
[82455.624571] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ 
CAPACITY(16).
[82455.639246] platform reg-20-cs-buck3: Driver reg-20-cs-buck3 requests probe 
deferral
[82455.653986] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 5860533168 512-byte logical blocks: (3.00 
TB/2.72 TiB)
[82455.675182] platform reg-20-cs-buck2: Driver reg-20-cs-buck2 requests probe 
deferral
[82455.687436] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks
[82455.700643] platform reg-20-cs-ldo4: Driver reg-20-cs-ldo4 requests probe 
deferral
[82455.714055] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[82455.725732] platform reg-20-cs-ldo3: Driver reg-20-cs-ldo3 requests probe 
deferral
[82455.737552] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
[82455.750336] platform reg-20-cs-ldo2: Driver reg-20-cs-ldo2 requests probe 
deferral
[82455.763032] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present
[82455.773705] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[82455.794230] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ 
CAPACITY(16).
[82455.810275] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present
[82455.820919] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[82455.854938]  sdb: sdb1
[82455.877088] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ 
CAPACITY(16).
[82455.897627] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present
[82455.908823] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[82455.919051] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk

And here's the dmesg output on the x86:

[17654.280082] usb 1-4.7: new high-speed USB device number 10 using ehci_hcd
[17654.610118] usb 1-4.7: New USB device found, idVendor=174c, idProduct=55aa
[17654.610123] usb 1-4.7: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, 
SerialNumber=1
[17654.610126] usb 1-4.7: Product: USB3-SATA-U3
[17654.610129] usb 1-4.7: Manufacturer: Plugable Technologies
[17654.610131] usb 1-4.7: SerialNumber: 10000000000000008128
[17654.610775] scsi10 : usb-storage 1-4.7:1.0
[17655.607492] scsi 10:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Plugable USB3-SATA-U3     0    
PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[17655.609627] sd 10:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[17655.613139] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Spinning up disk..........ready
[17662.630673] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ 
CAPACITY(16).
[17662.631155] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] 5860533168 512-byte logical blocks: (3.00 
TB/2.72 TiB)
[17662.631159] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks
[17662.632150] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[17662.632155] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[17662.633177] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, 
doesn't support DPO or FUA
[17662.634266] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ 
CAPACITY(16).
[17662.701954]  sdb: sdb1
[17662.703760] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ 
CAPACITY(16).
[17662.706022] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk

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