Translating the AMS environment labels (theorem, proof, etc) is now (from LyX 2.0) automagically made in modules. (thanks to Richard H.:)
Unfortunately, using these modules it's no possible in beamer. Therefore, translating the theorem labels can be achieved through two ways ( http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/I18nLabels ) - translator with a foo.dict (it's my way by now) or - through the commands: \newtheorem{exa}{Ejemplo} \renewenvironment{example}{\begin{exa}}{\end{exa}} and the like There is an issue with colors. Without the commands above: 'Example' appears green in LyX, green in pdf output 'Theorem' or 'corollary' appear blue in LyX and output. All OK Using the commands above, the green color is changed to blue (?) in the output. It happens with 1.6.5 or 2.0.0, for English or French documents, too. (E.g., template (fr_)beamer-conference-ornate-20min.lyx) Otherwise, it seems to work without any problem. Regards Ignacio