You see in revolutionary socialist propaganda constant references to ‘the 
ruling class’, ‘the bourgeoisie’, ‘the capitalists’, ‘the capitalist class’ and 
the like, yet I know of no study or investigation that goes into the question 
of who exactly these people are.  Academic Marxist-influenced sociological 
studies that investigate the concept of social class in Marxist theory, almost 
invariably focus on the difficulties of conceptualising the *working class* 
theoretically and empirically, and also concentrate on identifying and 
categorising ‘the middle class(es)’. There is also abundant Marxist sociology 
that tries to look at the structures and institutions of capitalist rule at the 
level of the state, including ideological mechanisms of rule, but I know of not 
one, but I mean *not one*, study of the *bourgeoisie* as a social class within 
the framework of historical materialism at the level of the social structure of 
production relations. (Literally the only thing I’ve found is this comment on 
David Ruccio’s blog: 
<https://anticap.wordpress.com/2016/02/24/who-are-the-capitalists/>). This is 
surprising, apart from the obvious point that, given these people are supposed 
to be the class enemy, it would be handy to know who they are, because, if the 
whole notion of social class in Marxist theory is problematic (and I think it 
is, not because either the notion or Marxist theory are wrong – I don’t think 
they are – but because, given that Marx left no unambiguous definition of the 
concept, people have subsequently had to construct one inferring from what Marx 
did say and they don’t agree with each other), then measuring the concept 
against the empirical reality of the ruling class as a conceptual heuristic 
should be simpler than measuring it against the working class because one would 
expect less social variegation amongst the ruling class, in part because, 
almost by definition, there can’t actually be that many of them.

So my question is, have I missed something? Does anyone here know of any 
serious theoretical/empirical studies of the actual contemporary bourgeoisie 
from the optic of Marxist theory?


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