Thanks for this strong reminder, John. This is at the heart of Marx's insights 
into the rule of capital. Wythe


> On April 10, 2021 at 12:11 PM John A Imani <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
>     " Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a 
> corresponding political advance of that class. An oppressed class under the 
> sway of the feudal nobility, an armed and self-governing association in the 
> medieval commune(4) 
> https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm#a4
>  : here independent urban republic (as in Italy and Germany); there taxable 
> “third estate” of the monarchy (as in France); afterwards, in the period of 
> manufacturing proper, serving either the semi-feudal or the absolute monarchy 
> as a counterpoise against the nobility, and, in fact, cornerstone of the 
> great monarchies in general, the bourgeoisie has at last, since the 
> establishment of Modern Industry and of the world market, conquered for 
> itself, in the modern representative State, exclusive political sway. The 
> executive of the modern state is but a committee for managing the common 
> affairs of the whole bourgeoisie"
> 
>     
> https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm
> 
> 
>     JAI
>     
> 



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