There is a whole lot of stuff that contradicts the "Japan was ready to 
surrender". Mostly revolving who contacted the Swedish Ambassador to pass it 
along to the U.S. That is what wing of the Japanese government was offering the 
claim. I haven't read all the sources, there are too many, but it seems there 
was a question of why then didn't the Japanese, via the Emperor, go on the 
radio and announce and unconditional surrender? Likely because they still 
wanted to negotiate. So that was one of the conflicts.

The other, seemingly ignored by those that only focus on the surrender offer, 
was Operation Downfall , the invasion of Japan. This was a larger reason to 
drop the bombs than threats to the U.S.S.R. (I believe that was a fringe 
benefit). Why do I write this? Because Operation Downfall was already being 
organized from Okinawa...and it would involved OVER 1 MILLION G.I.s invading 
the southern home islands. *10 times the size of the U.S. participation in 
D-Day* in Normandy. This when the U.S. was becoming more and more tired of the 
war and sentiment to "end it now" was growing across the U.S. electorate.

Each staff for every major General and Admiral put together statistics on 
expected causalities. A very in-exact science. MORE interesting was the total 
number of civilian Japanese casualties...most studies, and remember an inexact 
statistical science, predicted over 1 million civilians dead or about 5 times 
that of those that dies under the atomic bombings.

If one is really interested in the "why?" one should read all the different 
sides of the debate. Just wanted to throw in the other side(s) of this.

David


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