Hello Mark: I am very grateful indeed. My normal ways had not helped me. I think you used you tell me, google. Ah! I must become 21st century literate.
Yes thank you - I can open it - and presumably that means anyone here can do so too. A very interesting chapter-section on "Petrodollar Imperialism”; by Christopher Doran. Helps me a lot. An interesting vignette that can be extrapolated to the situation in Iran: "Proponents of petrodollar imperialism point to Iran as another example of the US using its foreign policy and military to protect its dollar dominance. Ostensibly, US-led sanctions against Iran have been to address its nuclear aspirations. But Iran in recent years has also successfully and directly challenged the US dollar as the exclusive global currency for all oil transactions, with the direct assistance of Russia, China, and others. It began in 2005, when Iran announced it would form its own International Oil Bourse (IOB), the first phase of which opened in 2008... By accepting and encouraging countries to pay for its oil in currencies other than the US dollar, Iran has deliberately taken the same action that, according to Petrodollar Warfare (Clark 2005), led directly to the US invasion of Iraq. Like Iraq pre-invasion, Iran is not a member of the World Trade Organisation, has not had any dealings with the IMF since 1984, and does not have any debt with it or the World Bank. Like Iraq before it, the US and its oil companies are cut out of any future oil development in Iran. Like a post-sanctions Iraq, Iran has the potential to be the dominant power in the region and to provide development assistance on a vastly different model to that imposed by the WTO (World Trade Organization), World Bank, and IMF." p.2196; Ibid. -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group. View/Reply Online (#42031): https://groups.io/g/marxmail/message/42031 Mute This Topic: https://groups.io/mt/119797803/21656 -=-=- POSTING RULES & NOTES #1 YOU MUST clip all extraneous text when replying to a message. #2 This mail-list, like most, is publicly & permanently archived. #3 Subscribe and post under an alias if #2 is a concern. #4 Do not exceed five posts a day. -=-=- Group Owner: [email protected] Unsubscribe: https://groups.io/g/marxmail/leave/13617172/21656/1316126222/xyzzy [[email protected]] -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
