We’ve been over this many times, Tony. Marx wrote in a period corresponding to 
Napoleon’s rule when the working class was perceived as revolutionary and a 
threat to the property and class rule of the big bourgeoisie. In the aftermath 
of the 1848 revolution, it was prepared to abandon the norms and institutions 
of bourgeois democracy and transfer power to an emperor even at the expense of 
its own freedom of speech and assembly expressed through its independent media, 
parties, and legislature. The same phenomenon occurred during the interwar 
years of the last century in the wake of the Russian Revolution and mass appeal 
of Communism when the German, Italian, and Spanish ruling classes willingly 
subordinated themselves politically to fascism.

There is no such threat to private property today, and the bourgeoisie remains 
confident in its ability to coopt and, if necessary, to repress dissent through 
its existing institutions.

It is still not clear to me that we are in agreement that a lack of confidence 
and  abandonment of its institutions by the bourgeoisie fearing a revolutionary 
threat from below was the defining characteristic of both Bonapartism and 
fascism.


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