http://www.networkworld.com/news/2009/021209-iridium-satellite.html

Iridium calls may suffer outages from satellite crash
Iridium is moving a spare into place after collision with Russian 
military satellite

By Tim Greene
Network World

02/12/2009


Iridium customers may experience brief sporadic outages in their 
satellite phone services through tomorrow as the company recovers from a 
collision between one of its communication craft and a dead Russian 
military satellite.

Until Iridium can move a replacement satellite into the position held by 
the one destroyed in the crash, the remaining 65 satellites and four 
ground stations in Iridium’s network will route around the problem, a 
spokeswoman says.

The provider has eight spare satellites flying in lower orbit than their 
production constellation, and the spares can maneuver up to replace ones 
that become inoperable, she says. In addition the company has two 
groundstations for sending and receiving traffic between the satellite 
and the Earth, plus two backups. “It’s a very flexible network,” she says.

Each satellite has four crosslinks with other satellites in the 
production constellation, which enables routing traffic around failures 
and congestion.

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Iridium uses Boeing contractors to monitor and update the satellites, 
the spokeswoman says.

Iridium satellites orbit the Earth from pole to pole with some flying in 
one direction some in the other. They communicate with satellites 
immediately in front and behind them and to either side that are flying 
in the same direction.

Independent groups that monitor satellite traffic say they could tell 
that the Iridium satellite and the Russian satellite were going to pass 
near each other, but because of other satellite traffic and space junk 
floating in the area, could not actually predict collision, according to 
published reports.

Some of the debris was created when China blew up one of its own defunct 
weather satellites nearby with a missile in 2007. The Iridium satellite 
was orbiting 485 miles above the arctic, which is high enough that the 
atmosphere doesn’t slow them down and shorten their usable life but low 
enough to provide high-quality signals.

-- 
================================
George Antunes, Political Science Dept
University of Houston; Houston, TX 77204 
Voice: 713-743-3923  Fax: 713-743-3927
Mail: antunes at uh dot edu

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