One more thought. 
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In a univariate anova the distinction I made in the previous note is
less clear. The "division" in an anova is by a scalar constant (square
root of the error mean square) so that the relative differences between
pairs of means stays the same. The relative differences between pairs of
means stays the same.

In a MANOVA the "division" is by a matrix (the projection of the group
means onto inversely weighted within-group eigenvectors) so that
differences in some directions are stretched and differences in other
directions are compressed. Unless the within-group covariance matrix is
proportional to an identity matrix, the relative distances between pairs
of means will change - perhaps drastically. 

Thus the distinction between these two kinds of distances is especially
important for the analysis of multivariate data and one must think about
their relevance for the questions you wish to ask.

-----------------------
F. James Rohlf
State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5245
www: http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/ee/rohlf 
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