Many thanks to Martin Forsberg !! On Sat, Jul 6, 2019 at 8:07 AM Nick <[email protected]> wrote:
> This is a brilliant effort. Can we put them in the library section here? > > Weston has been out of print for ages, but is a truly excellent > reference... > > Nick > > On Saturday, 6 July 2019 08:27:00 UTC+1, Sgitheach wrote: >> >> Another book scanned by Martin Forsberg. All thanks to him! >> >> !!!THE BOOK!!! >> >> Download 28MB >> >> >> https://www.dropbox.com/s/ne5vvdqw1r0pu6m/Cold%20Cathode%20Glow%20Discharge%20Tubes%20G%20F%20Weston-OCR.pdf?dl=0 >> >> Grahame >> >> *PREFACE* >> >> *Cold cathode glow discharge tubes are not new, they have evolved over >> the* >> *years from the early neon glow lamp, alongside the thermionic valve, to >> find* >> *application as indicators, voltage stabilisers, and as switches in >> low-current* >> *control circuits. Technical improvements and added sophistication of >> design* >> *in modern tubes have widened their application, and even in the face of* >> *competition from semiconductor devices, which have virtually superseded* >> *the vacuum tube, the cold cathode tube offers a versatile and reliable >> active* >> *element useful for control and computing applications where the highest* >> *speeds are not essential.* >> *Most of the newer tubes have been designed to operate with transistor* >> *circuits. In general they are cheaper than either semiconductor devices >> or* >> *vacuum tubes, and in some applications they can perform functions which* >> *would require complex circuitry were alternative devices to be used. >> They* >> *have a long operational life with the added advantages of light output >> (useful* >> *for servicing purposes), and the ability to withstand severe overloads. >> For* >> *read-out and display purposes no satisfactory semiconductor alternative >> as* >> *yet exists.* >> *However, although cold cathode tubes are simple in design and >> construction,* >> *satisfactory use by the engineer requires a deeper knowledge of their* >> *mechanism and behaviour than perhaps is required for thermionic vacuum* >> *tubes or semiconductors. For example, far more attention has to be paid >> in* >> *designing circuits to the tolerances and life stability of cold cathode >> tubes* >> *than for other devices. This is mainly due to the fact that for valves >> and* >> *semiconductors, which have continuous and reversible control >> characteristics,* >> *the wide variations within the tube and circuit can be compensated for >> by* >> *negative feedback, whereas for cold cathode tubes with discontinuous* >> *characteristics no such compensation can be provided. Thus the engineer* >> *must be familiar with the parameters and circuit techniques peculiar to >> this* >> *class of device if full advantage is to be taken of its inherent >> reliability and* >> *economy.* >> *A much wider use could be made of cold cathode tubes if the relevant* >> *knowledge were more readily available. Unfortunately, whereas there are* >> *numerous publications dealing with thermionic and semiconductor devices* >> *and related circuit techniques, there is a dearth of information on cold* >> *cathode tubes. ln fact the circuit engineer relies almost exclusively on >> the* >> *manufacturer promoting the tubes for the necessary information to enable* >> *him to employ successfully the tube in his equipment. On this point it >> is* >> *noticeable the extent to which cold cathode tubes of all types are >> employed* >> *in Europe, where the manufacturing companies are most active, compare d* >> *with the United States where, apart from numerical indicators, they are* >> *hardly ever used.* >> *The main aim of this book, therefore, is to present comprehensive >> information* >> *for the electronic engineer on the underlying physics of the glow >> discharge,* >> *on the design, construction, and performance of a wide range of* >> *cold cathode tubes, and on the basic circuits and their applications. lt >> is* >> *hoped that by so doing the engineer will be helped to a better >> understanding* >> *of the devices and will be enabled to make more use of their >> potentialities.* >> *The first five chapters of the book deal with that part of gas-discharge* >> *physics which is pertinent to cold cathode glow discharge tubes. The >> subject* >> *is dealt with in more detail than is strictly necessary for >> understanding the* >> *devices, but is aimed at bridging the gulf between the fundamental >> gasdischarge* >> *research being carried out in the universities and similar >> establishments,* >> *and the more applied physics and empirical data used by the tube* >> *designer. Chapter 1 deals with ionisation in the gas and secondary >> emission* >> *mechanism at the cathode, represented by the Townsend first and second* >> *coefficients respectively. The two processes together are responsible >> for the* >> *electron multiplication in the gas, which dictates the values of the >> potential* >> *required for initiating a glow discharge (breakdown potential) and the* >> *potential at which it is self-sustained (maintaining potential). >> Detailed and* >> *up-to-date data on the Townsend coefficients are given for the inert >> gases* >> *and cathode materials common to commercially available tubes. The >> effects* >> *of electric field and gas pressure are discussed. In Chapter 2 a survey >> is made* >> *of the breakdown mechanism and characteristics of a glow discharge in >> the* >> *light of Chapter 1 , together with published empirical results. The >> self-sustained* >> *discharge is similarly dealt with in Chapter 3. In these two chapters* >> *emphasis is laid on low pressure discharges, i.e. pressures below >> atmospheric,* >> *and in the case of the self-sustained discharge the cathode-fall zone is >> mainly* >> *dealt with. Chapter 4 is devoted to cathodic sputtering, the removal of* >> *cathode material by the impinging ions, since it plays an important rote >> in* >> *the processing and performance of cold cathode tubes. Account is given >> of* >> *the work at low pressures or in a vacuum and on the various theories, as* >> *weil as information on sputtering in the glow discharge. In Chapter 5, >> the* >> *temporal growth and decay of a glow dischargc is discussed. These time* >> *effects are important when considering the specd at which cold cathode >> tubes* >> *can be switched.* >> *Although the gas discharge physics dealt with in these first chapters is* >> *limited in scope, being only that part which is relevant to cold cathode >> tubes,* >> *nevertheless within this limitation the subject has been treated fairly >> thoroughly* >> *with full bibliography and including unpublishcd work from the* >> *Author's laboratory. lt is thus hoped that it will prove a useful >> refercnce* >> *source for the physicist or design cngineer engaged on the developmcnt >> and* >> *manufacture of cold cathode tubes or similar devices, and be a >> complementary* >> *book for the advanced student reading gas discharge physics.* >> *In the four remaining chapters of the book a wide range of tube types is* >> *described. Attention is drawn to the basis for their design in tcrms of >> the* >> *parameters discussed in the earlier chapters, and details are given of >> construction,* >> *processing, and performance. In this the author has been fortunate* >> *in being able to draw upon the experience and knowledge of the various* >> *development and application laboratories of the Philips/Mullard >> organisation,* >> *and to present considerable previously unpublished information. Basic* >> *circuits, most of which have been tested in the associated applications* >> *laboratories are given and applications are described. The chapters are* >> *classified according to tube types; Chapter 6 deals with stabilisers and* >> *reference tubes, including corona tubes, Chapter 7 with switching diodes >> and* >> *trigger tubes, Chapter 8 with stepping tubes, and Chapter 9 with display* >> *tubes. Other tubes which might equally be classed as cold cathode glow* >> *discharge tubes, such as Geiger counters, T.R. cells and spark gaps have* >> *been omitted, as have cold cathode arc-discharge tubes, since they are >> of* >> *different character requiring a rather different approach.* >> *Although cross-reference between chapters occurs in some places, attempt* >> *has been made to keep each chapter self-contained, so that the engineer* >> *desiring information on a particular device can obtain a detailed >> account of* >> *the tube and its circuit application without having to read earlier >> chapters.* >> *The author gratefully acknowledges the co-operation and encouragement* >> *of his colleagues in the research and in the development laboratories. >> He is* >> *particularly indebted to Dr. R. F. Hall who read the manuscript and made* >> *many useful suggestions and corrected a number of errors.* >> >> *Mullard Research Laboratories, Redhill, Surrey G.F.W.* >> > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "neonixie-l" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To post to this group, send email to [email protected]. > To view this discussion on the web, visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/neonixie-l/6aa23d5c-b196-4bd7-bf06-cddf99a530b6%40googlegroups.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/neonixie-l/6aa23d5c-b196-4bd7-bf06-cddf99a530b6%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "neonixie-l" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. 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