makssent opened a new issue, #40289:
URL: https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/issues/40289

   ### Before reporting a bug
   
   - [x] I have searched open and closed [GitHub 
issues](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/issues).
   - [x] I have read the [ShardingSphere 
documentation](https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/current/en/overview).
   
   ### ShardingSphere version
   
   master, commit 
[`01446d4fad4`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/commit/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df)
   
   ### ShardingSphere project
   
   ShardingSphere-Proxy
   
   ### Expected behavior
   
   The proxy should execute 
[`FIRST`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/dsql/parse.y#L6024-L6028)
 and 
[`SKIP`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/dsql/parse.y#L6031-L6035)
 with an expression in parentheses as the Firebird server does.
   
   ### Actual behavior
   
   The proxy rejects each of these statements with a syntax error.
   
   The same statements were executed directly on the Firebird server and 
through the proxy:
   
   | Steps | Firebird server | Proxy |
   | --- | --- | --- |
   | `SELECT FIRST (1 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1` | Success, no rows | 
Error 
[`isc_dsql_error`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/include/firebird/impl/msg/jrd.h#L250)
 "Dynamic SQL Error; You have an error in your SQL syntax: no viable 
alternative at input '+1)'" |
   | `SELECT FIRST 1 SKIP (0 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1` | Success, no 
rows | Error 
[`isc_dsql_error`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/include/firebird/impl/msg/jrd.h#L250)
 "Dynamic SQL Error; You have an error in your SQL syntax: no viable 
alternative at input '+1)'" |
   
   So through the proxy an application cannot give the row limit of 
[`FIRST`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/dsql/parse.y#L6024-L6028)
 and 
[`SKIP`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/dsql/parse.y#L6031-L6035)
 as an expression.
   
   ### Reason analysis
   
   - The rules 
[`firstValue`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/engine/dialect/firebird/src/main/antlr4/imports/firebird/DMLStatement.g4#L92-L94)
 and 
[`skipValue`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/engine/dialect/firebird/src/main/antlr4/imports/firebird/DMLStatement.g4#L96-L98)
 of the Firebird grammar of ShardingSphere accept only a number or a parameter 
marker, optionally in parentheses, not an expression, so the proxy rejects 
these statements with a syntax error.
   - 
[`FirebirdDMLStatementVisitor#visitFirstValue`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/engine/dialect/firebird/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/sql/parser/engine/firebird/visitor/statement/type/FirebirdDMLStatementVisitor.java#L355-L364)
 and 
[`visitSkipValue`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/engine/dialect/firebird/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/sql/parser/engine/firebird/visitor/statement/type/FirebirdDMLStatementVisitor.java#L367-L376)
 build only a number or a parameter marker (the comment `// TODO Add expression 
support for firstSkipClause`), although the binder already evaluates 
[`ExpressionPaginationValueSegment`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/infra/binder/core/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/infra/binder/context/segment/select/pagination/PaginationContext.java#L74-L75).
   
   ### Steps to reproduce
   
   #### Environment
   
   - Firebird server 5.0.
   - Client: Jaybird 6.0.7.
   
   #### Steps
   
   1. Create the table on the Firebird server:
   
   ```sql
   CREATE TABLE T_PLAIN (ID INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, NAME VARCHAR(20));
   ```
   
   2. Start ShardingSphere-Proxy with this configuration:
   
   ```yaml
   # global.yaml
   authority:
     users:
       - user: root@%
         password: root
     privilege:
       type: ALL_PERMITTED
   props:
     proxy-frontend-database-protocol-type: Firebird
   ```
   
   ```yaml
   # database-firebird.yaml
   databaseName: firebird_db
   dataSources:
     ds_0:
       url: jdbc:firebirdsql://<host>/<database file>?encoding=UTF8
       username: <user>
       password: <password>
   rules:
     - !SINGLE
       tables:
         - "*.*"
   ```
   
   3. Execute the statements from the table under "Actual behavior" through the 
proxy and directly on the Firebird server, and compare the results. "Example 
code" runs all of them.
   
   ### Example code
   
   The statements from the table on Jaybird 6.0.7. The comment above each call 
shows what it prints against the Firebird server and through the proxy.
   
   ```java
   import java.sql.Connection;
   import java.sql.DriverManager;
   import java.sql.ResultSet;
   import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
   import java.sql.SQLException;
   import java.sql.Statement;
   import java.sql.Types;
   import java.util.ArrayList;
   import java.util.List;
   
   public class FirstSkipExpression {
   
       // The proxy; put the URL, user and password of the Firebird server here 
to compare
       static final String URL = "jdbc:firebirdsql://<proxy host>:<proxy 
port>/firebird_db?encoding=UTF8&wireCrypt=DISABLED";
   
       static final String USER = "root";
   
       static final String PASSWORD = "root";
   
       public static void main(final String[] args) throws SQLException {
           try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, 
PASSWORD)) {
               // Firebird server: "SELECT FIRST (1 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE 
ID = -1 -> ID INTEGER: no rows";
               // proxy: "SELECT FIRST (1 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1 -> 
error: Dynamic SQL Error; You have an error in your SQL syntax: no viable 
alternative at input '+1)' [SQLState:42000, ISC error code:335544569]"
               execute(connection, "SELECT FIRST (1 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE 
ID = -1");
               // Firebird server: "SELECT FIRST 1 SKIP (0 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN 
WHERE ID = -1 -> ID INTEGER: no rows";
               // proxy: "SELECT FIRST 1 SKIP (0 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE ID 
= -1 -> error: Dynamic SQL Error; You have an error in your SQL syntax: no 
viable alternative at input '+1)' [SQLState:42000, ISC error code:335544569]"
               execute(connection, "SELECT FIRST 1 SKIP (0 + 1) ID FROM T_PLAIN 
WHERE ID = -1");
           }
       }
   
       // Executes the statement and prints the described columns with the 
rows, the update count or the error
       static void execute(final Connection connection, final String sql) {
           try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
               if (!statement.execute(sql)) {
                   System.out.println(sql + " -> update count " + 
statement.getUpdateCount());
                   return;
               }
               try (ResultSet resultSet = statement.getResultSet()) {
                   ResultSetMetaData metaData = resultSet.getMetaData();
                   List<String> columns = new ArrayList<>();
                   for (int i = 1; i <= metaData.getColumnCount(); i++) {
                       int type = metaData.getColumnType(i);
                       boolean text = Types.CHAR == type || Types.VARCHAR == 
type;
                       columns.add(metaData.getColumnLabel(i) + " " + 
metaData.getColumnTypeName(i) + (text ? "(" + metaData.getPrecision(i) + ")" : 
""));
                   }
                   List<String> rows = new ArrayList<>();
                   while (resultSet.next()) {
                       List<String> values = new ArrayList<>();
                       for (int i = 1; i <= metaData.getColumnCount(); i++) {
                           values.add(String.valueOf(resultSet.getObject(i)));
                       }
                       rows.add(String.join(", ", values));
                   }
                   System.out.println(sql + " -> " + String.join(", ", columns) 
+ ": " + (rows.isEmpty() ? "no rows" : String.join("; ", rows)));
               }
           } catch (final SQLException ex) {
               System.out.println(sql + " -> error: " + ex.getMessage());
           }
       }
   }
   ```


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